Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

असंभवं हेम-मृगस्य जन्म तथापि रामो लुलुभे मृगाय ।
प्रायः समापन्न-विपत्ति-काले धियो ऽपि पुंसां मलिना भवन्ति ॥ २८ ॥

asaṃbhavaṃ hema-mṛgasya janma tathāpi rāmo lulubhe mṛgāya |
prāyaḥ samāpanna-vipatti-kāle dhiyo 'pi puṃsāṃ malinā bhavanti || 28 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.28 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.28). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Asambhava, Hema, Heman, Mriga, Janma, Janman, Tatha, Api, Rama, Praya, Prayas, Samapanna, Kale, Kala, Dhi, Pums, Malina, Bhavanti, Bhavat, Bhavant,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.28). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “asaṃbhavaṃ hema-mṛgasya janma tathāpi rāmo lulubhe mṛgāya
  • asambhavam -
  • asambhava (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    asambhava (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    asambhavā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • hema -
  • hema (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    hema (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    heman (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
    heman (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • mṛgasya -
  • mṛga (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
  • janma -
  • janma (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    janma (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    janman (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • tathā -
  • tathā (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tathā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tatha (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    tatha (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    tathā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • api -
  • api (indeclinable preposition)
    [indeclinable preposition]
    ap (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    api (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
  • rāmo* -
  • rāma (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    (verb class 2)
    [present active first plural]
  • lulubhe -
  • mṛgāya -
  • mṛga (noun, masculine)
    [dative single]
  • Line 2: “prāyaḥ samāpanna-vipatti-kāle dhiyo 'pi puṃsāṃ malinā bhavanti
  • prāyaḥ -
  • prāyas (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    prāya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • samāpanna -
  • samāpanna (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    samāpanna (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • vipatti -
  • vipatti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • kāle -
  • kāle (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kāla (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    kāla (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    kālā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • dhiyo' -
  • dhī (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
  • api -
  • api (indeclinable preposition)
    [indeclinable preposition]
    ap (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • puṃsām -
  • puṃs (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
  • malinā* -
  • malina (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    malinā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • bhavanti -
  • bhavanti (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    bhavantī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    bhavat (noun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    bhavant (pronoun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [accusative plural]
    bhū (verb class 1)
    [present active third plural]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.28

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 1.28 in Gujarati sript:
અસંભવં હેમ-મૃગસ્ય જન્મ તથાપિ રામો લુલુભે મૃગાય ।
પ્રાયઃ સમાપન્ન-વિપત્તિ-કાલે ધિયો ઽપિ પુંસાં મલિના ભવન્તિ ॥ ૨૮ ॥

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