Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

मरु-स्थल्यां यथा वृष्टिः क्षुधार्ते भोजनं तथा ।
दरिद्रे दीयते दानं सफलं पाण्डु-नन्दन ॥ ११ ॥

maru-sthalyāṃ yathā vṛṣṭiḥ kṣudhārte bhojanaṃ tathā |
daridre dīyate dānaṃ saphalaṃ pāṇḍu-nandana || 11 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.11 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.11). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Maru, Sthali, Yatha, Vrishti, Kshudharta, Bhojana, Tatha, Daridra, Dana, Saphala, Pandu, Nandana,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.11). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “maru-sthalyāṃ yathā vṛṣṭiḥ kṣudhārte bhojanaṃ tathā
  • maru -
  • maru (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    marū (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    marū (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [vocative single]
    marū (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • sthalyām -
  • sthalī (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
  • yathā -
  • yathā (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    yathā (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    yathā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • vṛṣṭiḥ -
  • vṛṣṭi (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    vṛṣṭi (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kṣudhārte -
  • kṣudhārta (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    kṣudhārta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    kṣudhārtā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • bhojanam -
  • bhojana (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    bhojana (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • tathā -
  • tathā (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tathā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tathā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • Line 2: “daridre dīyate dānaṃ saphalaṃ pāṇḍu-nandana
  • daridre -
  • daridra (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    daridra (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    daridrā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • dīyate -
  • (verb class 1)
    [present passive third single]
    (verb class 3)
    [present passive third single]
    dai (verb class 1)
    [present passive third single]
    de (verb class 1)
    [present passive third single]
    (verb class 3)
    [present passive third single]
    (verb class 4)
    [present middle third single], [present passive third single]
  • dānam -
  • dāna (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    dāna (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • saphalam -
  • saphala (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    saphala (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    saphalā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • pāṇḍu -
  • pāṇḍu (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    pāṇḍu (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    pāṇḍu (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • nandana -
  • nandana (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    nandana (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.11

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 1.11 in Gujarati sript:
મરુ-સ્થલ્યાં યથા વૃષ્ટિઃ ક્ષુધાર્તે ભોજનં તથા ।
દરિદ્રે દીયતે દાનં સફલં પાણ્ડુ-નન્દન ॥ ૧૧ ॥

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