Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

शोक-स्थान-सहस्राणि भय-स्थान-शतानि च ।
दिवसे दिवसे मूढम् आविशन्ति न पण्डितम् ॥ ३ ॥

śoka-sthāna-sahasrāṇi bhaya-sthāna-śatāni ca |
divase divase mūḍham āviśanti na paṇḍitam || 3 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.3 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.3). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Shoka, Sthana, Sahasra, Bhaya, Shata, Divasa, Mudha, Avishat, Pandita,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.3). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “śoka-sthāna-sahasrāṇi bhaya-sthāna-śatāni ca
  • śoka -
  • śoka (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    śoka (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    śuk (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • sthāna -
  • sthāna (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • sahasrāṇi -
  • sahasra (noun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • bhaya -
  • bhaya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    bhaya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    bhī (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • sthāna -
  • sthāna (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • śatāni -
  • śata (noun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • Line 2: “divase divase mūḍham āviśanti na paṇḍitam
  • divase -
  • divasa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
  • divase -
  • divasa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
  • mūḍham -
  • mūḍha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    mūḍha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    mūḍhā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    muh -> mūḍha (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √muh class 4 verb]
    muh -> mūḍha (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √muh class 4 verb], [accusative single from √muh class 4 verb]
  • āviśanti -
  • āviśat (noun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • paṇḍitam -
  • paṇḍita (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    paṇḍita (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    paṇḍitā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    paṇḍ -> paṇḍita (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √paṇḍ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √paṇḍ class 10 verb]
    paṇḍ -> paṇḍita (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √paṇḍ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √paṇḍ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √paṇḍ class 10 verb], [accusative single from √paṇḍ class 10 verb]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.3

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 1.3 in Gujarati sript:
શોક-સ્થાન-સહસ્રાણિ ભય-સ્થાન-શતાનિ ચ ।
દિવસે દિવસે મૂઢમ્ આવિશન્તિ ન પણ્ડિતમ્ ॥ ૩ ॥

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