Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 0.21

को धन्यो बहुभिः पुत्रैः कुशूलापूरणाढकैः ।
वरम् एकः कुलालम्बी यत्र विश्रूयते पिता ॥ २१ ॥

ko dhanyo bahubhiḥ putraiḥ kuśūlāpūraṇāḍhakaiḥ |
varam ekaḥ kulālambī yatra viśrūyate pitā || 21 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 0.21 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (0.21). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Kah, Dhanya, Dhani, Bahu, Putra, Shula, Apurana, Adhaka, Varam, Vara, Eka, Kulalambin, Kulalambi, Yatra, Pitri,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 0.21). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “ko dhanyo bahubhiḥ putraiḥ kuśūlāpūraṇāḍhakaiḥ
  • ko* -
  • kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)
    [indeclinable interrogative]
    ka (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • dhanyo* -
  • dhanya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    dhanī (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
    dhanī (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • bahubhiḥ -
  • bahu (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental plural]
    bahu (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
  • putraiḥ -
  • putra (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental plural]
    putra (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
  • ku -
  • ku (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    ku (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
  • śūlā -
  • śūla (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    śūla (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    śūlā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    śūl (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • apūraṇā -
  • apūraṇa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    apūraṇa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • āḍhakaiḥ -
  • āḍhaka (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental plural]
    āḍhaka (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
  • Line 2: “varam ekaḥ kulālambī yatra viśrūyate pitā
  • varam -
  • varam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    vara (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    vara (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    varā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • ekaḥ -
  • eka (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kulālambī -
  • kulālambī (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
    kulālambī (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [nominative single]
    kulālambin (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • yatra -
  • yatra (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    yatra (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    yatra (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    yatra (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • vi -
  • vi (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    vi (indeclinable preposition)
    [indeclinable preposition]
    vi (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    vi (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    ve (noun, masculine)
    [adverb]
    (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    (noun, masculine)
    [adverb]
    (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    vi (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
  • śrūyate -
  • śru (verb class 5)
    [present passive third single]
  • pitā -
  • pitṛ (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [nominative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 0.21

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 0.21 in Gujarati sript:
કો ધન્યો બહુભિઃ પુત્રૈઃ કુશૂલાપૂરણાઢકૈઃ ।
વરમ્ એકઃ કુલાલમ્બી યત્ર વિશ્રૂયતે પિતા ॥ ૨૧ ॥

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