Verse 2.14.1

उद्यन्हिंकार उदितः प्रस्तावो मध्यंदिन उद्गीथोऽपराह्णः प्रतिहारोऽस्तं यन्निधनमेतद्बृहदादित्ये प्रोतम् ॥ २.१४.१ ॥

udyanhiṃkāra uditaḥ prastāvo madhyaṃdina udgītho'parāhṇaḥ pratihāro'staṃ yannidhanametadbṛhadāditye protam || 2.14.1 ||

1. The rising sun is the hiṃkāra, the sun that has already risen is the prastāva, the midday sun is the udgītha, the afternoon sun is the pratihāra, and the setting sun is the nidhana. This Sāma called Bṛhat is based on the sun.

Word-for-word explanation:

Udyan, the rising sun; hiṃkāraḥ, [is] the hiṃkāra; uditaḥ, the sun that has already risen; prastāvaḥ, [is] the prastāva; madhyandina, the midday sun; udgīthaḥ, [is] the udgītha; aparāhṇaḥ, the afternoon sun; pratihāraḥ, [is] the pratihāra; yat astam, that which is setting; nidhanam, [is] the nidhana; etat bṛhat,

Commentary:

The rising sun is the hiṃkāra, for that is the time when we first see the sun. When the sun has risen it is the prastāva, for that is when people start performing their daily religious riteṣ and rituals. The midday sun is the udgītha, because that is the best time of the day. Then the afternoon sun is the pratihāra, because that is the time when cattle are driven back home. And the setting sun is the nidhana, for at night domestic animals are kept confined in their pens. This Bṛhat Sāma is based on the sun, because the sun is its presiding deity.