Part 5 - Contents of the Brahmasphutasiddhanta

Now we shall summarise the contents of the Chapters of this great treatise and also enumerate the number of verses in each chapter. The author has himself given the total number of verses in the Chapter in the ending verse of each chapter. Sometimes, the verse specifying this number itself is not taken into account while giving the total number of verses in that chapter, and therefore, there occurs a minor discrepancy in the actual number and the number specified by the author himself. The following table records both these numbers separately: Chapter Title Number of Actual number of verses verses indicated by the author PURVA-DASADHYAYI (First Ten Chapters) I Madhyamadhikarah (Madhyamagati radhyayah) 63 63 II Spastadhikarah (Sphutagatiradhyayah) 67 68 III Triprasnadhikarah (Tripr asnadhyayah) 66 66 IV Candragrahanadhikarah 20 20 (Candragrahanadhyayah) V VI Suryagrahanadhikarah (Arka-grahanam or Ravigrahanadhyayah) Udayastadhikarah (Udayastamayadhyayah) 26 12 27 22 13 13

Candrasrngonnatyadhikarah (Candrasrngonnati-adhyayah) 75 18 18 VII VIII Candracchayadhikarah (Candracchaya-adhyayah) I✗ Grahayutyadhikarah (Grahamelanadhyayah) ☑ Bhagrahayutyadhikarah (Bhagrahayutih-adhyayah) Total (of Dasadhyayi) 9 9 26 26 26 70 70 377* 380* 63 63 CHI Tantra-Pariksadhyayah (Dusanadhyayah) CHII Ganitadhyayah Misraka-vyavaharah 1-16 Sredhi-vyavaharah 17-20. Ksetra-vyavaharah 21-39 Vrttaksetra-ganitam 40-43 Khata-vyavaharah 44-46 Citi-vyavaharah 47 Kakacika-vyavahare karanasutre 48-49 Rasi-vyavaharah 50-51 Chaya-vyavaharah 52-66 66 66 XIII Prasnadhyayah 49 48 (Madhyagatyuttaradhyayah) XIV Sphutagatyuttaradhyayah 54 55 XV Triprasnottaradhyayah 60 60 XVI Grahanottaradhyayah 46 47 XVII Srngonnatyuttaradhyayah 10 10 XVIII Kuttadhyayah 103 102. (Kuttakadhyayah) Kuttakarah 1-29 Dhanarna-sunyanam samkalanam 30-42 Ekavarna.samikaranabijam 42-50 Anekavarna-samikarana-

& KHANDAKHADYKA bijam Bhavita-bijam 51-59 60-63 Varga-prakrtih 64-74 Udaharanani 75-102 XIX Sankucchayadi nanadhyayah 20 20 XX Chandascityuttaradhyayah 20 19 XXI Goladhyayah 70 222 70 Samanya-golaprakaranam 1-16 Jya-prakaranam 17-23 Sphutagati-vasana 24-30 Bimba-sadhanam 31-35 Grahana-vasana 36-18 Golabandhadhikarah 49-70 XXII Yantradhyayah 53 57 XXIII Manadhyayah 12 12 XXIV- Sanjnadhyayah 13 13 Tutal 1016 1022 In one of the verses, Brahmagupta states that he has composed the treatise containing 1008 verses. Sudhakara Dvivedi has given the total as 1021, whereas he says, this number according to Brahmagupta's own statement should be 1020. If one deducts the concluding 12 verses of the Sanjnanadhyaya, the number should be 1008. Sudhakara Dvivedi, in his addition of the Brahma-sphutasiddhanta (published in the Pandita, 1901 and 1902) gives as a supplement a small treatise of Brahmagupta known as Dhyanagrahanopadesadhyaya or Dhyanagrahanadhikarah which has 72 verses. It would be worthwhile to give here the details of the Khandakhadyaka also, a book of Brahmagupta about which we have spoken so much. The titles to the chapters have not been indicated in the Text; most likely they have been assigned by the commentator, Prthudaka Svami known as the Khandakhadyaka-vivaranam.

Chapter I Title Tithi-naksatradhikaradhyayah (On tithis, naksatras etc.) Grahagatyadhyayah 77 Number of verses 32 II 19 (On the mean and true places III * of 'star' planets) Triprasnadhyayah (On the three problems relating to diurnal motion) IV Candra grahanadhyayah (On lunar eclipses) V Suryagrahanadhyayah (On solar eclipses) VI 16 7 6 VII VIII IX ☑ Udayastadhikarah (On the rising and setting of planets) Candrasrngonnatyadhayah (On the position of the Moon's cusps) Samagamadhyayah (On conjunction of planets) UTTARA KHANDAKHADYAKA-APPENDIX Corrections and new methods On conjunction of stars and planets 7 4 6 14 16 Total 127° Bhattotpala, in his commentary on the Khandakhadyaka has given several additional verses in the main or proper treatise and also in its Uttara portion or the Appendix. P.C. Sengupta's edition (Sanskrit Text 1941) has given at the end of this publication the account of these additional verses. The English

& KHANDAKHADYAKA edition (1934) classifies the Uttara Khandakhadyaka into two chapters (which the author calls as Chapters IX and X), the Sanskrit edition gives 3 verses in Chapter IX, 21 verses in Of these three Chapter X and 24 verses in Chapter XI. chapters, the Chapter X has been given the title "Patadhikara" and Chapter XI the title "Parilekhadhyaya" by Bhattotpala. TABLE Arrangement of contents in different treatises Topic Brahma-sphuta-siddhanta Suryasiddhanta Maha-Bhaskariya Maha-siddhanta Siddhantasekhara Siddhanta-Shiromani Mean longitudes of the planets I,XIII I I I.II I,III True longitudes of the planets II.XIV II IV III III II Direction, place and time III,XV III III IV IV III Computation of a lunar eclipse IV,XVI IV V V V.VII IV,V Computation of a solar eclipse V.XVI V V VI VI VI Projection of an eclipse XVI VI V VIII V Conjunction of a planet with another planet IX VII VI ☑I XI ☑ Conjunction of a planet with a star Heliacal rising of planets ☑ VIII VI IX ☑ XII XII XI VI IX,X IX VII, VIII

Topic ARYABHATA AND BRAHMAGUPTA CONTROVERSY Moonrise and elevation of 79 Brahma-sphuta-siddhanta Suryasiddhanta Maha-Bhaskariya Maha-siddhanta Siddhantasekhara Siddhanta-Shiromani lunar horns VII,XVII ☑ VI VII, VIII X IX XIV XI VII XIII VIII XII Pata Cosmogony and geography XXII XII Astrono. instruments XXIII XIII III Time reckoning XXIV XIV XVI II.iii XIX II.xi I.i