Verse 18.28

ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ śaṭho naiṣkṛtikolasaḥ |
viṣādī dīrghasūtrī ca kartā tāmasa ucyate ||28||

The Subodhinī commentary by Śrīdhara

tāmasaṃ kartāramāha ayukta iti | ayukto'navahitaḥ | prākṛto vivekaśūnyaḥ | stabdho'namraḥ | śaṭhaḥ śaktigūhanakārī | naikṛtikaḥ paravṛttichedanaparaḥ | alaso'pravṛttiśīlaḥ [viṣādī] kartavyeṣvapi sarvadā'vasannasvabhāvaḥ | dīrghasūtrī ca kartavyānāṃ dīrghaprasāraṇaḥ sarvadā mandasvabhāvaḥ | yadadya śvo vā kartavyaṃ tanmāsenāpi na karoti | yaścaivambhūtaḥ sa kartā tāmasa ucyate ||28||

kartṛtraividhyenaiva jñāturapi traividhyamuktaṃ bhavati | karmatraividhyena ca jñeyasyāpi traividhyamuktaṃ jñātavyam | buddhestraividhyena karaṇasyāpi traividhyamuktaṃ bhaviṣyati ||28||

The Sārārthavarṣiṇī commentary by Viśvanātha

ayukto'naucityakārī prākṛtaḥ prakṛtau svasvabhāva eva vartamānaḥ, yadeva svamanasi āyāti tadevānutiṣṭhati, na tu gurorapi vacaḥ pramāṇayatītyarthaḥ | naikṛtikaḥ parāpamānakartā |

tadevaṃ jñānibhiruktalakṣaṇaḥ sāttvika eva tyāgaḥ kartavyaḥ sāttvikameva karmaniṣṭhaṃ jñānamāśrayaṇīyaṃ sāttvikameva karma kartavyaṃ sāttvikenaiva kartrā bhavitavyam | eṣa eva sannyāso jñānināmiti me jñānaṃ prakaraṇārthaniṣkarṣaḥ | bhaktānāṃ tu triguṇātītameva jñānaṃ triguṇātītaṃ me karma bhaktiyogākhyaṃ triguṇātītā eva kartāraḥ | yaduktaṃ bhagavataiva śrīmadbhāgavate

kaivalyaṃ sāttvikaṃ jñānaṃ
rajo vaikalpikaṃ tu yat |
prākṛtaṃ tāmasaṃ jñānaṃ
manniṣṭhaṃ nirguṇaṃ smṛtam || (BhP 11.25.24) iti |

lakṣaṇaṃ bhaktiyogasya
nirguṇasya hyudāhṛtam || (BhP 3.29.11) iti |

sāttvikaḥ kārako'saṅgī
rāgāndho rājasaḥ smṛtaḥ |
tāmasaḥ smṛtivibhraṣṭo
nirguṇo madapāśrayaḥ || (BhP 11.25.26) iti |

kiṃ ca na kevalametattrikameva bhaktimate guṇātītamapi tu bhaktisambandhi sarvameva guṇātītam | yaduktaṃ tatraiva

sāttvikyādhyātmikī śraddhā
karmaśraddhā tu rājasī |
tāmasyadharme yā śraddhā
matsevāyāṃ tu nirguṇā || (BhP 11.25.27) iti |

vanaṃ tu sāttviko vāso
grāmo rājasa ucyate |
tāmasaṃ dyutasadanaṃ
manniketaṃ tu nirguṇam || (BhP 11.25.25) iti |

sāttvikaṃ sukhamātmotthaṃ
viṣayotthaṃ tu rājasam |
tāmasaṃ mohadainyotthaṃ
nirguṇaṃ madapāśrayam || (BhP 11.25.29) iti |

tadevaṃ guṇātītānāṃ bhaktānāṃ bhaktisambandhīni jñānakarmaśraddhādau svasukhādīni sarvāṇyeva guṇātītāni | sāttvikānāṃ jñānināṃ jñānasambandhīni tāni sarvāṇi sāttvikānyeva | rājasānāṃ karmiṇāṃ tāni sarvāṇi rājasānyeva | tāmasānāmucchṛṅkhalānāṃ tāni sarvāṇi tāmasānyeveti śrīgītābhāgavatārthadṛṣṭyā jñeyam | jñānināmapi punarantimadaśāyāṃ jñānasannyāsānantaramurvaritayā kevalayā bhaktyaiva guṇātītatvaṃ caturdaśādhyāya uktam ||28||

The Gītābhūṣaṇa commentary by Baladeva

ayukto'naucityakṛt | prākṛtaḥ prakṛtau svabhāve vartamānaḥ svaprakṛtyanusāreṇaiva, na tu śāstrānusāreṇa karmakṛdityarthaḥ | stabdho'namraḥ śaṭhaḥ svaśaktigopanakṛt | naikṛtikaḥ parāpamānakṛt | alasaḥ prārabdhe karmaṇi śithilaḥ | viṣādī śokākulaḥ | dīrghasūtrī divasaikakartavyaṃ varṣeṇāpi yo na karoti | īdṛśaḥ kartā tāmasa ||28||
__________________________________________________________