Verse 17.1

ye śāstravidhimutsṛjya yajante śraddhayānvitāḥ |
teṣāṃ niṣṭhā tu kā kṛṣṇa sattvamāho rajastamaḥ ||1||

The Subodhinī commentary by Śrīdhara

uktādhikārahetūnāṃ śraddhā mukhyā tu sāttvikī |
iti saptadaśe gauṇaśraddhābhedastridhocyate ||

pūrvādhyāyānte yaḥ śāstravidhimutsṛjya vartate kāmacārataḥ | na sa siddhimavāpnoti [Gītā 16.24] ityanena śāstroktavidhimutsṛjya kāmacāreṇa vartamānasya jñāne'dhikāro nāstītyuktam | tatra śāstramutsṛjya kāmacāraṃ vinā śraddayā vartamānānāṃ kimadhikāro'sti nāsti veti bubhutsayā'rjuna uvāca ya iti | atra ca śāstravidhimutsṛjya yajanta ityanena śāstrārthaṃ buddhyā tamullaṅghya vartamāno na gṛhyate | teṣāṃ śraddhayā yajanānupatteḥ | āstikyabuddhirhi śraddhā | na cāsau śāstraviruddhe'rthe śāstrajñānavatāṃ sambhavati | tānevādhikṛtya trividhā bhavati śraddheti | yajante sāttvikā devānityādyuttarānupapatteśca | ato nātra śāstrollaṅghino gṛhyante | api tu kleśabuddhyālasyādvā śāstrārthajñāne prayatnamakṛtvā kevalamācāraparamparāvaśena śraddhayā
kvaciddevatārādhanādau pravartamānā gṛhyante | ato'yamarthaḥ ye śāstravidhimutsṛjya duḥkhabuddhyālasyadvārā anādṛtya kevalamācāraprāmāṇyena śraddhayā'nvitāḥ santo yajante teṣāṃ kā niṣṭhā | kā sthitiḥ | ka āśrayaḥ | tāmeva viśeṣeṇa pṛcchati kiṃ sattvam | āho kiṃ vā rajaḥ | athavā tama iti | teṣāṃ tādṛśī devapūjādipravṛttiḥ kiṃ sattvasaṃśritā | rajaḥsaṃśritā vā | tamaḥsaṃśritā vetyarthaḥ | śraddhāyāḥ sattvasaṃśritā tarhi teṣāmapi sāttvikatvādyathoktātmajñāne'dhikāraḥ syāt | anyathā neti praśnatātparyārthaḥ
||1||

The Gūḍhārthadīpikā commentary by Madhusūdana

trividhāḥ karmānuṣṭhātāro bhavanti | kecicchāstravidhiṃ jñātvāpyaśraddhayā tamutsṛjya kāmakāramātreṇa yatkiṃcidanutiṣṭhanti te sarvapuruṣārthāyogyatvādasurāḥ | kecittu śāstravidhiṃ jñātvā śraddadhānatayā tadanusāreṇaiva niṣiddhaṃ varjayanto vihitamanutiṣṭhanti te sarvapuruṣārthayogyatvāddevā iti pūrvādhyāyānte siddham | ye tu śāstrīyaṃ vidhimālasyādivaśādupekṣya śraddadhānatayaiva vṛddhavyavahāramātreṇa niṣiddhaṃ varjayanto vihitamanutiṣṭhanti | te śāstrīyavidhyupekṣālakṣaṇenānsurasādharmyeṇa śraddhāpūrvakānuṣṭhānalakṣaṇena
ca devasādharmyeṇānvitāḥ kimasureṣvantarbhavanti kiṃ vā deveṣvityubhayadharmadarśanādekakoṭiniścāyakādarśanācca sandihāno'rjuna uvāca ya iti |

ye pūrvādhyāye ta nirṇītā na devavacchāstrānusāriṇaḥ kintu śāstravidhiṃ śrutismṛticodanāmutsṛjyālasyādivaśādanādṛtya nāsuravadaśraddadhānāḥ kiṃ tu vṛddhavyavahārānusāreṇa śraddhayānvitā yajante devapūjādikaṃ kurvanti teṣāṃ tu śāstravidhyupekṣāśraddhābhyāṃ pūrvaniścitadevāsuravilakṣaṇānāṃ niṣṭhā kā kīdṛśī teṣāṃ śāstravidhyanapekṣā śraddhāpūrvikā ca sā yajanādikriyāvyavasthitiḥ | he kṛṣṇa bhaktāvakarṣaṇa ! kiṃ sattvaṃ sāttvikī | tathā sati sāttvikatvātte devāḥ | āho iti pakṣāntare | kiṃ rajastamo rājasī tāmsī ca | tathā sati rājasatāmasatvādasurās
te sattvamityekā koṭiḥ | rajastama ityaparā koṭiriti vibhāgajñāpanāyāhośabdaḥ ||17.1||

The Sārārthavarṣiṇī commentary by Viśvanātha

atha saptadaśe vastu sāttvikaṃ rājasaṃ tathā |
tāmasaṃ ca vivicyoktaṃ pārthapraśnottaraṃ yathā ||

nanvāsurasargamuktvā tadupasaṃhāre

yaḥ śāstravidhimutsṛjya vartate kāmacārataḥ |
na sa siddhimavāpnoti na sukhaṃ na parāṃ gatim ||[Gītā 16.24]

iti tvayoktam | tatrāhamidaṃ jijñāsa ityāha ya iti | ye śāstravidhimutsṛjya kāmacārato vartante kintu kāmabhogarahitā eva śraddhayānvitāḥ santo yajante taopyajñajñānayajñajapayajñādikaṃ kurvanti | teṣāṃ kā niṣṭhā sthitiḥ kimālambanamityarthaḥ | tatkiṃ sattvam | āho svitrajaḥ | athavā tamastadbrūhītyarthaḥ ||1||

The Gītābhūṣaṇa commentary by Baladeva

sāttvikaṃ rājasaṃ vastu tāmasaṃ ca vivekataḥ |
kṛṣṇaḥ saptadaśe'vādītpārthapraśnānusārataḥ ||

vedamadhītya tadvidhinā tadarthānutiṣṭhantaḥ śāstrīyaśraddhāyuktā devāḥ | vedamavajñāya yathecchācāriṇo vedabāhyāstvāsurā iti pūrvasminnadhyāye tvayoktam | atheyaṃ me jijñāsā ye śāstreti | ye janāḥ pāṭhato'rthataśca durgamaṃ vedaṃ viditvālasyādinā tadvidhimutsṛjya lokācārajātayā śraddhayānvitāḥ santo devādīn yajante, teṣāṃ śāstravidhyupekṣāśraddhābhyāṃ pūrvanirṇītadaivāsuravilakṣaṇānāṃ kā niṣṭhā | sattvaṃ saṃśrayā teṣāṃ sthitirathavā rajastamaḥ saṃśrayeti koṭidvayāvabodhāyāhośabdo madhye niveśitaḥ ||1||

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