Bhagavad-gita with four Commentaries [sanskrit]
140,673 words | ISBN-10: 8189564072 | ISBN-13: 9788189564070
The Sanskrit edition of the Bhagavad Gita with four commentaries: (1) The Subodhini by Shridhara (Sridhara Swami), (2) The Gudharthadipika by Madhusudana (Saraswati), (3) The Sararthavarshini by Vishvanatha (Vishwanath Chakravarti) and (4) The Gitabhushana by Baladeva (Vidyabhushan). Original titles: Bhagavadgītā (भगवद्गीता), Śrīdhara (श्रीधर), Madhusūdana (मधुसूदन), Viśvanātha (विश्वनाथ), Baladeva (बलदेव)
Verse 2.28
avyaktādīni bhūtāni vyaktamadhyāni bhārata |
avyaktanidhanānyeva tatra kā paridevanā ||28||
The Subodhinī commentary by Śrīdhara
kiṃ ca dehānāṃ svabhāvaṃ paryālocya tadupādhike ātmano janmamaraṇe śoko na kārya iti | ata āha avyaktādīnītyādi | avyaktaṃ pradhānam | tadeva ādirutpatteḥ pūrvarūpaṃ yeṣāṃ tāni avyaktādīni | bhūtāni śarīrāṇi | kāraṇātmanāpi sthitānāmeva utpatteḥ | tathā vyaktamabhivyaktaṃ madhyaṃ janmamaraṇāntarālaṃ sthitilakṣaṇaṃ yeṣāṃ tāni vyaktamadhyāni | avyakte nidhanaṃ layo yeṣāṃ tānīmānyevaṃbhūtānyeva | tatra teṣu kā paridevanā ? kaḥ śokanimitto vilāpaḥ ? pratibuddhasya svapnadṛṣṭavastuṣviva śoko na
yujyata ityarthaḥ ||28||
The Gūḍhārthadīpikā commentary by Madhusūdana
tadevaṃ sarvaprakāreṇātmano'śocyatvamupapāditamathedānīmātmano'śocyatve'pi bhūtasaṅghātātmakāni śarīrāṇyuddiśya śocāmītyarjunāśaṅkāmapanudati bhagavānavyaktādīnīti | ādau janmanaḥ prāgavyaktāni anupalabdhāni bhūtāni pṛthivyādibhūtamayāni śarīrāṇi madhye janmānantaraṃ maraṇātprāgvyaktāni upalabdhāni santi | nidhane punaravyaktānyeva bhavanti | yathā svapnendrajālādau pratibhāsamātrajīvanāni śuktirūpyādivanna tu jñānātprāgūrdhvaṃ vā sthitāni dṛṣṭisṛṣṭyabhyupagamāt | tathā ca ādāvante ca yannāsti vartamāne'pi tattathā [ṃā. Kā. 2.6] iti nyāyena madhye'pi na santyevaitāni | nāsato vidyate bhāvaḥ [Gītā 2.16] iti prāgukteśca |
evaṃ sati tatra teṣu mithyābhūteṣvatyantatuccheṣu bhūteṣu kā paridevanā ko vā duḥkhapralāpo na ko'pyucita ityarthaḥ | na hi svapne vividhān bandhūnupalabhya pratibuddhastadvicchedena śocati pṛthagjano'pi etadevoktaṃ purāṇe adarśanādāpatitaḥ punaścādarśanaṃ gataḥ bhūtasaṅgha iti śeṣaḥ | tathā ca śarīrāṇyapyuddiśya śoko nocita iti bhāvaḥ |
ākāśādimahābhūtābhiprāyeṇa vā śloko yojyaḥ | avyaktamavyākṛtamavidyopahitacaitanyamādiḥ prāgavasthā yeṣāṃ tāni tathā vyaktaṃ nāmarūpābhyāmevāvidyakābhyāṃ prakaṭībhūtaṃ na tu svena paramārthasadātmanā madhyaṃ sthityavasthā yeṣāṃ tādṛśāni bhūtāni ākāśādīni avyaktanidhanānyevāvyakte svakāraṇe mṛdiva ghaṭādīnāṃ nidhanaṃ pralayo yeṣāṃ teṣu bhūteṣu kā paridevaneti pūrvavat | tathā ca śrutiḥ taddhedaṃ tarhyavyākṛtamāsīttannāmarūpābhyāmeva vyākriyata [BAU 1.4.7] ityādiravyaktopādānatāṃ sarvasya prapañcasya darśayati | layasthānatvaṃ tu tasyārthasiddhaṃ kāraṇa
eva kāryalayasya darśanāt | granthāntare tu vistaraḥ | tathā cājñānakalpitatvena tucchānyākāśādibhūtānyapyuddiśya śoko nocitaścettatkāryāṇyuddiśya nocita iti kimu vaktavyamiti bhāvaḥ |
athavā sarvadā teṣāmavyaktarūpeṇa vidyamānatvādvicchedābhāvena tannimittaḥ pralāpo nocita ityarthaḥ | bhāratetyanena sambodhayan śuddhavaṃśodbhavatvena śāstrīyamarthaṃ pratipattumarho'si kimiti na pratipadyasa iti sūcayati ||28||
The Sārārthavarṣiṇī commentary by Viśvanātha
tadevaṃ na jāyate na mriyate ityādinā, dehapakṣe ca jātasya hi dhruvo mṛtyuḥ ityanena śokaviṣayaṃ nirākṛtya idānīmubhayapakṣe'pi nirākaroti avyakteti | bhūtāni devamanuṣyatiryagādīni | avyaktāni na vyaktaṃ vyaktirādau janmapūrvakāle yeṣāṃ, kintu tadānīmapi liṅgadehaḥ sthūladehaśca svārambhakapṛthivyādisattvātkāraṇātmanā vartamāno'spaṣṭamāsīdevetyarthaḥ | vyaktaṃ vyaktirmadhye yeṣāṃ tāni | na vyakti nidhanādanantaraṃ yeṣāṃ tāni | mahāpralaye'pi karmamātrādīnāṃ sattvātsūkṣmarūpeṇa bhūtāni santyeva | tasmātsarvabhūtāni ādyantarayor
avyaktāni madhye vyaktānītyarthaḥ | yaduktaṃ śrutibhiḥ sthiracarajātayaḥ syurajayotthanimittayujaḥ iti | kā paridevanā kaḥ śokanimittaḥ vilāpaḥ ? tathā coktaṃ nāradena
yanmanyase dhruvaṃ lokamadhruvaṃ vā na cobhayam |
sarvathā na hi śocyāste snehādanyatra mohajāt || [BhP 1.13.44] iti ||28||
The Gītābhūṣaṇa commentary by Baladeva
atha dehātmapakṣe ātmātiriktadehapakṣe ca dehavināśahetukaśoko na yuktastadārambhakāṇāṃ bhūtamātrāṇāmavināśādityāha avyaktādīnīti | avyaktaṃ nāmarūpavirahātsūkṣmaṃ pradhānamādi ādirūpaṃ yeṣāṃ tāni avyaktanidhanāni | avyakte tādṛśi pradhāne nidhanaṃ nāmarūpavimardanalakṣaṇo nāśo yeṣāṃ tāni | mṛdādike sadrūpe dravye kambugrīvādyavasthāyoge ghaṭasyotpattistadvirodhikapālādyavasthāyogastu tasya vināśaḥ kathyate | taddravyaṃ sarvadā sthāyīti | evamevāha bhagavān parāśaraḥ mahī ghaṭatvaṃ ghaṭataḥ kapālikā cūrṇarajastato'ṇuḥ [ViP 2.12.42] iti | evaṃ
śarīrāṇyādyantayornāmarūpāyogādavyaktimanti | madhye tu tadyogādvyaktimanti | tadārambhakāni bhūtāni tu sarvadā santīti teṣu vastutaḥ satsu kā paridevanā kaḥ śokanimittavilāpa ityarthaḥ | dehānyanityātmapakṣe tu vāsāṃsi ityādikaṃ na vismartavyam | yattvādyantayorasattvānmadhye'pi bhūtānyasantyevātaḥ svāpnikarathāśvādiprakhyāni mṛṣābhūtānyeva tena tadviyogahetukaḥ śokaḥ pratibuddhasya na dṛṣṭa iti dṛṣṭisṛṣṭimabhyupaityāhustanmandaṃ tadabhyupagame vaidikāsatkāryavādāpatteḥ | tadevaṃ matadvaye'pi dehavināśahetukaḥ śoko nāstīti siddham ||28||
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