Verse 2.21

vedāvināśinaṃ nityaṃ ya enamajamavyayam |
kathaṃ sa puruṣaḥ pārtha kaṃ ghātayati hanti kam ||21||

The Subodhinī commentary by Śrīdhara

ataeva hantṛtvābhāvo'pi pūrvoktaḥ prasiddha ityāha vedāvināśinamityādi | nityaṃ vṛddhiśūnyam | avyayamapakṣayaśūnyam | ajamavināśinaṃ ca | yo veda sa puruṣaḥ kaṃ hanti | kathaṃ vā hanti ? evaṃbhūtasya vadhe sādhanābhāvāt | tathā svayaṃ prayojako bhūtvānyena kaṃ ghātayati ? kathaṃ vā ghātayati ? na kiñcidapi | na kathañcidapi ityarthaḥ | anena mayyapi prayojakatvāddoṣadṛṣṭiṃ mā kārṣīrityuktaṃ bhavati ||21||

The Gūḍhārthadīpikā commentary by Madhusūdana

nāyaṃ hanti na hanyata iti pratijñāya na hanyata ityupapāditamidānīṃ na hantītyupapādayannupasaṃharati | na vinaṣṭuṃ śīlaṃ yasya tamavināśinamantyavikārarahitam | tatra hetuḥ avyayaṃ na vidyate vyayo'vayavāpacayo guṇāpacayo vā yasya tamavyayam | avayavāpacayena guṇāpacayena vā vināśadarśanāttadubhayarahitasya na vināśaḥ sambhavatītyarthaḥ |

nanu janyatvena vināśitvamanumāsyāmahe netyāha ajamiti | na jāyate ityajamādyavikārarahitam | tatra hetuḥ nityaṃ sarvadā vidyāmānaṃ, prāgavidyamānasya hi janma dṛṣṭaṃ na tu sarvatā sata ityabhiprāyaḥ |

athavāvināśinamabādhyaṃ satyamiti yāvat | nityaṃ sarvavyāpakam | tatra hetuḥ ajamavyayam | janmavināśaśūnyaṃ jāyamānasya vinaśyataśca sarvavyāpakatvasatyatvayorayogāt |

evaṃ sarvavikriyāśūnyaṃ prakṛtamenaṃ dehinaṃ svamātmānaṃ yo veda vijānāti śāstrācāryopadeśābhyāṃ sākṣātkaroti ahaṃ sarvavikriyāśūnyaḥ sarvabhāsakaḥ sarvadvaitarahitaḥ paramānandabodharūpa iti sa evaṃ vidvān puruṣaḥ pūrṇarūpaḥ kaṃ hanti ? kathaṃ hanti ? kiṃśabda ākṣepe | na kamapi hanti na kathamapi hantītyarthaḥ | tathā kaṃ ghātayati kathaṃ ghātayati kamapi na ghātayati kathamapi na ghātayatītyarthaḥ | nahi sarvavikāraśūnyasyākarturhananakriyāyāṃ kartṛtvaṃ sambhavati | tathā ca śrutiḥ

ātmānaṃ cedvijānīyādayamasmīti pūruṣaḥ |
kimicchan kasya kāmāya śarīramanusaṃjvaret || [BAU 4.4.12]

iti śuddhamātmānaṃ viduṣastadajñānanibandhanādhyāsanivṛttau tanmūlarāgadveṣādyabhāvātkartṛtvabhoktṛtvādyabhāvaṃ darśayati |

ayamatrābhiprāyo bhagavataḥ | vastugatyā ko'pi nakaroti na kārayati ca kiṃcitsarvavikriyāśūnyasvabhāvatvātparaṃ tu svapna ivāvidyayā kartṛtvādikamātmanyabhimanyate mūḍhaḥ | taduktamubhau tau na vijānītaḥ [Gītā 2.19] iti | śrutiśca dhyāyatīva lelāyatīva [BAU 4.3.7] ityādiḥ | ataeva sarvāṇi śāstrāṇyavidvadadhikārikāṇi | vidvāṃstu samūlādhyāsabādhānnātmani kartṛtvādikamabhimanyate sthāṇusvarūpaṃ vidvāniva coratvam | ato vikriyārahitatvādadvitīyatvācca vidvānna karoti kārayati cetyucyate | tathā ca śrutiḥ vidvānna bibheti kutaścana [TaittU 2.9.1] iti | arjuno hi svasmin kartṛtvaṃ bhagavati ca kārayitṛtvamadhyasya hiṃsānimittaṃ doṣamubhayatrāpyāśaśaṅke | bhagavānapi viditābhiprāyo hanti
ghātayatīti tadubhayamācikṣepa | ātmani kartṛtvaṃ mayi ca kārayitṛtvamāropya pratyavāyaśaṅkāṃ mā kārṣīrityabhiprāyaḥ |

avikriyatvapradarśanenātmanaḥ kartṛtvapratiṣedhātsarvakarmākṣepe bhagavadabhiprete hantirupalakṣaṇārthaḥ puraḥsphūrtikatvāt | pratiṣedhahetostulyatvātkarmāntarābhyanujñānupapatteḥ | tathā ca vakṣyati tasya kāryaṃ na vidyata [Gītā 3.17] iti | ato'tra hananamātrākṣepeṇa karmāntaraṃ bhagavatābhyanujñāyata iti mūḍhajanajalpitamapāstam | tasmādyudhyasvetyatra hananasya bhagavatābhyanujñānādvāstavakartṛtvādyabhāvasya karmamātre samatvāditi dik ||21||

The Sārārthavarṣiṇī commentary by Viśvanātha

ata evambhūtajñāne sati tvaṃ yudhyamāno'pi ahaṃ yuddhe prerayannapi doṣabhājau naiva bhavāva ityāha vedeti | nityamiti kriyāviśeṣaṇam | avināśinamiti, ajamiti, avyayamityetairvināśajanyā apekṣayā niṣiddhāḥ | sa puruṣo mallakṣaṇaḥ kaṃ ghātayati, kathaṃ vā ghātayati, sa puruṣastvallakṣaṇaḥ kaṃ hanti ? kathaṃ vā hanti ? ||21||

The Gītābhūṣaṇa commentary by Baladeva

evaṃ tattvajñānavān yo dharmabuddhyā yuddhe pravartate yaśca pravartayati, tasya tasya ca ko'pi na doṣagandha ityāha vedeti | enaṃ prakṛtamātmānamavināśinamajamavyayamapakṣayaśūnyaṃ ca yo veda śāstrayuktibhyāṃ jānāti, sa puruṣo yuddhe pravṛtto'pi kaṃ hanti kathaṃ vā hanti ? tatra pravartayannapi kaṃ ghātayati kathaṃ vā ghātayati ? kimākṣepe na kamapi na kathamapītyarthaḥ | ntiyamiti vedanakriyāviśeṣaṇam ||21||

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