Ashtavakra Gita [sanskrit]

by John Richards | 1994 | 2,996 words

Ashtavakra Gita is a Sanskrit text belonging to the Advaita Vedanta school of orthodox Indian philosophy, instructing the reader in some of the core concepts. Traditionally believed to be authored by sage Ashtavakra, it is presented in the form of a dialogue between him and Janaka, king of Mithila. Alternative titles: अष्टावक्रगीता, Aṣṭāvakragītā, Astavakragita, अष्टावक्र-गीता, Aṣṭāvakra-gītā.

Verse 4.4

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आत्मैवेदं जगत्सर्वं ज्ञातं येन महात्मना ।
यदृच्छया वर्तमानं तं निषेद्धुं क्षमेत कः ॥ ४ ॥

ātmaivedaṃ jagatsarvaṃ jñātaṃ yena mahātmanā |
yadṛcchayā vartamānaṃ taṃ niṣeddhuṃ kṣameta kaḥ || 4 ||

Who can prevent the great-souled person who has known this whole world as himself from living as he pleases?
English translation by John Richards (1994) Read online

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (4.4). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Atman, Atma, Idam, Jagatsarva, Jnata, Yena, Yah, Yat, Mahatman, Mahatmana, Yadriccha, Vartamana, Kah,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Ashtavakra Gita Verse 4.4). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “ātmaivedaṃ jagatsarvaṃ jñātaṃ yena mahātmanā ”
ātmai -
ātman (noun, masculine)

[compound], [nominative single]

ātmā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
aive -
√i (verb class 2)

[imperfect active first dual]
idam -
idam (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
jagatsarvam -
jagatsarva (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
jñātam -
jñāta (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

jñāta (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

jñātā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√jñā -> jñāta (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √jñā class 3 verb], [accusative single from √jñā class 9 verb]

√jñā -> jñāta (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √jñā class 3 verb], [accusative single from √jñā class 3 verb], [nominative single from √jñā class 9 verb], [accusative single from √jñā class 9 verb]
yena -
yena (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

ya (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

yat (pronoun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
mahātmanā -
mahātman (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

mahātman (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

mahātmanā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
Line 2: “yadṛcchayā vartamānaṃ taṃ niṣeddhuṃ kṣameta kaḥ ”
yadṛcchayā -
yadṛcchā (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single]
vartamānam -
vartamāna (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

vartamāna (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

vartamānā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√vṛt -> vartamāna (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √vṛt class 1 verb]

√vṛt -> vartamāna (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √vṛt class 1 verb], [accusative single from √vṛt class 1 verb]
tam -
ta (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

tā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

tan (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

sa (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]
Cannot analyse niṣeddhum*kṣ
kṣameta -
√kṣam (verb class 1)

[optative middle third single]
kaḥ -
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

ka (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)

[nominative single]