Chapter 5: Translation and notes

pancamo'ngah | kala- vidusakah | [ karnam datva ] bhi vayasya sangitasalantare avadhanam dehi | visuddhayah gauteh kharasamyogo sruyate | nane tatrabhavati hamsapadika varnaparicayam karotiti | sangitasya sala grham tasya antare abhyantare avadhanam manah samyogam dehi | sangita- salamadhyat uttisthat gitamakarnayitumavahito bhava | | kala madhura visuddha nirdosa ca tasyah kalavisuddhaya gautah kharasamyogah svarasambandhah sruyate | hamsapadika rajnah panayantaram| varnasya gautikramasya bhede gautikrame cive varnah gotakame stuti bhede varnasabdah prayujyate iti halayudhah | varno ddinadisukladiyasogunakathasu ca |

iti medini | paricayah abhyasah tam stutau na na striyam bhedarupacaravilepane|| iti medini | varnaparicayam ganakriyabhyasam karoti | raja | akarnayami iti varttamanasamipye varttamanavadya iti bhavisyati lat ; yadda yavatpuranipatayorlat iti lat | akase iti-- abhinavabhadhulolupastvam tatha paricumva cutamanjaraum | kamalavasatimavanirvrti madhukara vismrto'si enam katham || he madhukara, he bhramara, he kamuka iti ca dhvanyate, madhuvrate madhukarah kamuke'pi • prakirttitah iti visvah ; abhinavam pratyagram yat madhu pusparasah adhararasa iti gudho'rthah | tava lolupah lubdhah tvam catasya sramasya manjarim mukulam tatha tadrsam sapranayam paricumba, kamale vasatih vasah taya eva natu rasasvadanena nirvrtah sukhitah enam cutamanjarim katham vismrtah asi | jnanarthasya gatyarthe paryyavasanat karttari ktah yaha adikarmani karttari ktah gotenanena rajnah sakuntalavismarana mullikhitam | yanlugantat lubhadhatoh karttari ac bhagya patvam | lugvo'bhilasuka strnaka samau lolupalolubhau ityamarah | kamalavasatisabdat svarthe mavacpratyayah natu mayuravyamsakaditvat samasah tathala samasantaram na bhavati | raja | ahi iti srasra avyayam ; ragam anuragam parivahati carati navatiti yavat ya sa ragaparivahino anuragasrut gautih | vidusakah | gautitatparyyam kimavabuddham tvaya | raja | [ smitam krtva ] ayam nanah hamsapadikalaksanah sakrt ekavaram krtah pranayah yena saha yammin va iti sakrtkrtapranayah | devim vasumatim mahisaum anta- rena vina canamapi nanyava tisthamiti pratijnanimittam srasyah hamsapadikaya upa- lambhanam tiraskaram gato'smi praptosmi | atah vayasya tva m hamsapadikayah sakasam gatva mama vacanamanusrtya tam bruhi "yadaham samyak nirbhat sito'smi iti | " upa- lambhah tiraskarah upanpurvvat labherghan | vidusakah | tatha hamsapadikaya parakiyaih sakhisambandhibhih hastaih grhitasya sikhandake sirasi tadyamanasya srahanyamanasya me idanim vitaragasya visayavasana- sunyasya asarabhih suranarobhih grhitasya iva mocah muktih parivanamiti yavat nirvanamanyava nasti | mocah sabdah ava slistah | sikhandake iti avaccheda saptami | 1

NOTES ACT V. 173 raja nagarikasya rasikajanasya vrttih acarah taya iti nagarikatacya | [ tahara para asanasthita raja o bidusakera prabesa ] madhura bidusaka| [ srabana kariya ] bayasya, sangitasalara dike manoyoga dena| bisud'dha gitalapa sunite pa'oya ya'iteche| bodha haya debi hansapadika| ragabhyasa karitechena | raja| maunabalambana kara, srabana kari | [ akase gita ha'iteche ] he madhukara, tumi abhinaba madhulolupa| cutamanjarike serupe cumbana kariya eksane kamalabase sukhi ha'iya ihake kirupe bistrta ha'ile ? raja | [ isat hasya kariya ] e'i byaktira sahita ekabara matra pranaya kara ha'iyache| ihara nikata ha'ite debi basumatira jan'ya bisesa tiraskara prapta ha'iyachi| bayasta amara bakyanusare hansapadikake bala, ye ami yathesta tiraskrta ha'iyachi| bidusaka | apani yerupa adesa karena| [ uthiya ] bayahya apare grhita mumuksura n'yaya tamhara kartrka andhera hastera dbara grhita ebam mastake tadyamana amara muktira sambhabana na'i | raja| ya'o, nagarikera bhabe ihake bala | bidusaka| ara upaya ki ? [ niskranta ] Then enter Vidushaka and the king sitting on a seat. Vidushaka.[Listening.] Give attention, O friend, to the interior of the music-room. Notes of sweet and faultless music are heard. I think the lady Hansapadika is practising the notes. King.-Hush ! ( Be quiet. ) I listen. [ Sings in the air. ] O Bee, greedy of fresh honey as you are, how have you, after having kissed the mango-blossom in that way, forgotten it, being contented (now) by a mere stay in the lotus ? King - Oh! A strain overflowing with passion. Vidushaka.-Do you understand the meaning of the words in the song ? King. [Smiling].-This person has for once been made love to; from her I have got a good censure in reference to queen

Vasumati. Friend Madhavya, tell Hansapadika, using my words that I am sharply reproached. Vidushaka.-What your Majesty commands (will be done ). [Rising]. O friend! caught hold of by the hair and beaten by her through the hands of others, for me there is no (chance of) escape, as there is none of emancipation for an ascetic free from worldly attachment, when seized by a nymph. King. Go and communicate it to her in the fashion of a courteous person (a gallant ). Vidushaka.-What help is there? [ Exit ]. raja | [ atmagatam ] istah abhimatah dayitah ityarthah sa ghasau nanasceti istajanah priyajanah tena virahah tasmat rte vina priyamviraham vinapi, duhkhakarane avidyamane'pi, kimiti gitasravanat atyarthamunmanayamano'smi | 'athaveti -- srautsukyasya hetumupanyasyannaha - ramyani vauksya, madhuran sabdan nisamya ca sukhito'pi jantuh paryutsukaubhavati iti yat tat nunam bhavasthirani jananantarasauhrdani cetasa abodhapurvam smarati ||2|| ramyani nayanasubhagani manoramapiti yavat vastuni viksya drstva madhuran manoharan sabdan gautadhvanin nisamya srakarnya ca sukham natamasya iti sukhitah tarakaditvapi tac ; duhkhakaranabhavavan jantuh pranau aparyyutsukah paryutsukah bhavati iti paryut- sukibhavati paridunayamanah payyakulah iti yavat bhavati iti yat tannunam niscita- meva bhave antarhadaye sthirani drdha़ाni yaha bhavaih vasanabhih sthirani niscalani janmasahasrairapi durikartumasakyaniti bhavah, anyat jananam janma iti nananantaram janmantaram tava sauhrdani, pranayadini suhrdayasabdata anikrte sauhrdapadam siddhama, hrdrbhgaminvante purvvapadasya ca iti svasya navavasarah tathaca vamanah "sauhrdadaurhrda- sabdavani hrdabhavat " hrdayasya hallekhayadanlasesu iti hrdbhavah | cetasa manasa, avodhapurvam visaya visesajnanabhavapurvam smarati | tathacoktam kavina mano hi janmantara- samjnatijnam | ava visese prastute samanyikteraprasamsa | vasantatilakavrttam tallaksanam jneyam vasantatilakam tabhana nagogah | Change of voice- sukhitenapi jantuna paryyut sakaubhuyate | ... khayyate ... saudani | N. B. In this sloka the poet speaks of the view that human beings have faint recollections of the occurrences and experiences of an ante-natal existence. And it brings to mind

RII NOTES ACT V. 175 Wordsworth's celebrated Ode on the Immortality of the Soul. The following lines have a parallel idea :- "Hence in a season of calm weather, Though inland far we be, Our souls have sight of that immortal sea Which brought us hither; Can in a moment travel thither ;And see the children sport upon the shore, And hear the mighty waters rolling evermore." The leading idea is thrown out in :- "Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting. The soul that rises with us, our life's star, Hath had elsewhere its setting. And cometh from afar ; Not in entire forgetfulness,: And not in utter nakedness, But trailing clouds of glory do we come From God, who is our home: " [ evam cintayan utkanthamanastisthati | ] raja | [ atmagata ] e'i gita suniya istajanabirahabyatireke'o kena atanta utkanthita ha'ilama athaba sukhi byakti'o ramaniya padartha abalokana kariya ebam manohara sabda srabana kariya ye utkanthita haya, taha niscaya hrdaye drrha-ankita purbba- janmantarina sauhardera bisaya ajnanapurbbaka cittera dbara smarana kare ( e'i jan'ya ) | [ utkanthitabhabe rahilena ]| King. [Aside]. On hearing this song, why have I become anxious, even without separation from beloved persons? Or,That even a happy being seeing beautiful objects, and hearing sweet sounds, becomes anxious is because he recollects unconsciously in mind the affection of other lives, deeply seated in the heart. [Sits pensive.] [ tatah pravisati kacuki ] kancukilacanam yatha - antahpuracaro vrddho vipro gunagananvitah |

176 ABHIJNANA SKUNTALAM. sarvvakaryyarthakusalah kacca kotyabhidhiyate | jaravaiklavyayuktena visedugavena kacuki | kancukau varavano'strautyamarah kancukah vidyate yasya sah kajjuki | kacuki | sraho iti srasrayem aham idrsim jaragrastam avastham prapto'smi | acara iti- maya avahitena rajnah avarodhaggrhesu acara iti ya vevayastih grhita, bahutithe kale gate sa eva prasthanaviklavagateh mama avalambanartha nata || 3 || 7 maya savadhanena nrpasya antahpuresu sracarah iti sadrsena antah puradhikkrtena veva- grahanam karttavyamiti niyamat hetoh ya vevayastih grhita svikrta, sa eva vevyastih vahutithe vahnanam purane ' kale gate sati `prasthane gamanasamaye | • viklava vardakat vikrta visamsthuletiyavat gatih yasya tasya mama avalamvanaya srasrayaya iyam iti avalambanartha, arthena saha nityasamasah sarvvalingata ca yadda avalamvanameva arthah prayojanam yasyah sa tadrsi jata | vahnanam puranah iti vakye "vahupugaganasanghasya tithuk " iti dati tithuk | The following bases viz. vahu, puga, gana and sangha admit of the augment tithuk in the presence of suffix dat | Change of voice. - aham avahitah yam vedayastim grhitavan taya eva ava- lambanarthaya natam | akamanumatau devasya rajnah dharmmakayem anatipatyam kamam mayai tadanumantavyam | kamam | tathapi adhunaiva dharmasya asanam tasmat dharmmaाdhikaranat agatasya rajnah punarapi uparodham klesam karoti pauda़ाm janayati yat tat kakhasisyanam agamanam vijnapayitu ' notsahe na prabhavami | athava lokasya tantram "tantram svarastra cintayam avapah paracintaneh " lokapalanam tadrupah adhikarah karttavya ' karmma avisramah nasti visramah virami yasmin sa tathoktah | lokapalanameva yesam karma te kadapi visrama- sukham na labhante ityarthah vipurvat sramyaterghan visramah "nodattopadesasya mantasya- nacameh " iti vrddhipratisedhah | etadeva prapanca naha bhanuriti- bhanuh saktadyuktaturanga eva, gandhavahah ravindivam prayati sesah sadaiva hitabhumi bharah ; sasthamsavrtteh api esah dharmah || 4 || "bhanavo'rka haramsavah, " bhanuh suyah sakrt ekavaram yuktah turangah turam gacchanti iti gameh khac | ditthavadbhavat terlopah pakse turangamah yena yasya va tadrsah eva, niyatameva yojitasvena rathena bhramati ityarthah | gandhavahah vayuh ravau ca diva ca

na R ta , NOTES-ACT v. ,177 iti saptamyarthe inde acaturadimutrena nipatitam ravindivam aharnisam prayati | sadagatih sadaiva vahati nasya kadapi visramah | sesah anantah sada anisameva srahitah paropitah bhumeh bharah yasmin tadrsah satatameva bhubharam vahati | sasthah amsah vrttih varttanam yasya tasya sasthamsavrtteh rajnah api esa eva dharmah sravisrantamakhedam prajapalanameva rajnah dharmah | ekasyaiva dharmasya savveva prthanirdesat prativastupa malankarah sa ca prativastupama malarupa | dusyante iti visese vaktavye samanyena nirdesat aprastutaprasamsa ca | indravajravrttam, yadi tau jagauga iti laksanam | pra Change of voice. - gandhavahena prayayate | pra pra yavaditi, niyogam svakarttavyam rajne vijnapanamityarthah | braja iti trajah svah gamja iva tantrayitva srantamanah san yuthani sacca raviprataptah dipendrah diva sitam sthanamiva vivikta nisevate ||5|| esah narapatih prajah prakrtipunjan khah prajah santatiriva praja syat santati jane ityanarah tanvayitva palayitva srantam mano yasya sah srantamanah khinnamanasah klantah iti yavat, yuthani hastidalani sacca itastatah bhramayitva ravina laksanya atapena prataptah dvabhyam mukhena nasikaya ca pivanti ye te dipah tesu indrah iva iti dipendrah yuthapatih diva sitam kayamanditatvat sukhasparsa sthanamiva vivikta vijanam nisevate | diveti saptamyarthe bhavyayam | " parinivibhyah sevasitasayasivasahamut- stukhancam " iti nipurvvasya sevadhatoh satvam | upamalankarah | indravajropendravajrayoh sankararupa upajatih | Change of voice. - srantamana sa ... raviprataptena ... dvipendrena iva ... nisevyate | [ upasrtya samipamupagamya ] upatyakadrerasanna urddha bhumiradhityaka ityamarah "upadhibhyam tyakannasannarudha़yoh " Let the affix tyakan be appended to upa and af, when the meaning is "adjacent" and "high up" respectively. upatyakayam himavatah asannabhumau yadaranyam tava vasanti ye te tathoktah kasyapasya kakhasya savdesam vattam samvadam iti yavat grhitva kecana stribhyam saha varttamanah iti sastraukah naddatayeti samamantah kah tapasah sampraptah upasthitah | Feminine bases of the class and bases ending in admit of the augment ka in the bahuvrihi compound. srutveti ityetat srutva yat karttavya | taddevo niscinotu | tahara para kancukira prabesa ] | kancuki| acho, ami erupa abastha prapta ha'iyachi | 12

( betragrahana ) acara, e'i hetu rajara antahpuragrhe ami netrayasti sabadhana ha'iya grahana kariyachilama ; bahukala atita ha'oyaya se'i betrayasti eksane gamana samaye amara gati sthapita ha'oyaya amara abalambanera jan'ya ha'iyache | dharm'makaryya rajara sarbbada anulanghaniya bate, kintu maharaja e'imatra bicarasana ha'ite uthiya asiyachilena; punaraya klesadayaka kanasisyadigera agamanabarta nibedana karite sahasa ha'iteche na| athaba prajapalanarupa kartabyakarye bisrama na'i| suryya ekabara matra rathe asbayojana kariya! niyata paribhramana karena| bayu dibaratri bahiteche, sesa sarbbada'i bhumibhara bahana karena, sasthansabrtti narapatira'o e'i dharm'ma | apanara karttabyanusthana kari| [ agrasara ha'iya ebam bilokana kariya ] hastidalake itastatah bhramana kara'iya raudrasattapta yuthapati yerupa sitala sthana asraya kare, prabhu'o se'irupa prakrtibargake sbiya apatyera n'yaya palana kariya parisranta ha'iya bijanaseba karitechena | [ samipe gamana kariya ] maharajera jaya ha'uka : himalayera upatyakaranyabasi tapasbigana striloka samabhibyahare kasyapera sambada la'iya asiyachena, iha srabana kariya yaha kartabya haya karuna | [ Then enter Kanchuki (a liveried servant) the chamberlain]. Kanchuuki-Alas ! to such a condition I have come ! The same staff, which was borne by me with care in the harem of the king, as a matter of form, has now, after the lapse of consi derable time, come to serve as a support to me whose steps totter (or falter) in walking. Certainly a matter of sacred duty must not be neglected by His Majesty ; yet to him, who has but now left the judgment-seat, I do not feel willing to communicate the arrival of Kanwa's disciples, that would give him trouble ( by detaining ). But the duty of ruling the people has no rest. The Sun has his horses yoked but once ; the wind blows day and night ; Sesha (the king of serpents ) has the burden of the earth always and for ever placed upon him: and even so is the duty of him whose means of subsistence is the sixth portion (of the produce of the land). Well, I will do my duty. Walking and looking about]. Here is His Majesty, who having attended to the affairs of his subjects as of his own children, now reposes, with mind worn out, in solitude ; even as a lord of elephants, having led his herd and being heated by

n S y NOTES - ACT V. 179 the sun in the day, betakes himself to a cool place. [Advancing] Victory to the king! Certain hermits, inhabitants of the forest adjoining the Mountain of snow, have arrived, accompanied by women,-and bearing a message from Kasyapa. On this, your majesty is the authority. raja | [ sradarena gauravena saha varttamanam yathatatha iti sadaram ] kasyapasya kakhasya sandesam vati haranti ye te kasyapasandesaharinah | raja | maddacanat iti vyavalope pancami | upadhite ammat iti inghatoh ghan | sruteh vedamya sammatah iti yatah vedavihitah | tapakhinam darsanam tasya ucitah tasmin tapasvidarsanocita pavitre ityarthah | pratipalayami apekse | uc samavaye, sangame ca iti dhatoh daivadikat ktah ucitah | raja | bhagninam daksinaprabhrtinam saranam grham ; "saranam grharaksitroh, " tasya margah panyah tam | raja | [ adhikarena prajapalanarupakarttavyena yah khedah klesah tam nirupya, abhiniyam ityarthah ] sarvvaeva sariri abhilasitam dravyam labdha muditah bhavati | kintu nrpanam srabhilasitasiddhih duhkhapradhana eva | rajyasya racanaklasah sadaiva nrpairanu- bhuyate ityarthah | srautsukyamiti pratistha srautsukyamavam avasayayati, lakhaparipalanavrttih klisra- tyeva, rajyam svahastadhrtadandam vataparva drava yatha sramava tatha atisramapanayanaya na ||6|| pratistha gauravam supalanajanya khyatirityarthah srautsukyabhavam utkalamavam, mama sasanena nirvrtoloko naveti utkanthameva avasayayati, nasayati samayati iti yavat ; yadda pratistha rajye pratistha simhasanadhirohana mityarthah iti vyakhyanam | lacvasya adhigatasya rajyasya paripalanavrttih paripalanakarma, klisratyeva, klesayatyeva, satisayam pida़ाm janayati ityarthah srautsukyavinodanarupat sukhat palanakkosah gariyana ; atah rajya svena hastena dhrtah dandah yasya tat svahastastatadanda svakara- dhrtam sratapat vayate yan tat atapavam ivamiva yatha sramaya klesotpadanaya bhavati tatha atisramasya apanayanaya nasaya nirasaya iti yavat na bhavati kta sodarka eva rajalabha iti bhavah | upamalankarah | vasantatilakavrttam | Cf. "Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown." avasayayati iti syateh syantat latirupam ; "sa ccha sa hva vya ve pam yuk " iti yuk | The roots so, ko so, hve, vye, ve and pa (to drink ) take instead of q in the causative form.

, sramaya ityaca caturthi tadaryyo ; yaha bhavate ralamarthatvat namah svastrityadina- caturthi | apanayanaya ityava tumarthacca bhavavacanaditi caturthi | Change of voice. - tithaya ... vasaya | ... tya liya | rana ... sratapatrena ...svahastastatadandena iva ... bhuyate | klisdhaturdivadiganiyah lati klisyati, klisyate ; krayadikastu parasmaipadi klisnati luni sraklicat akke saut | raja | [ adarera sahita ] kasyapera bartabaha ? kancuki| ham | raja| ata'eba amara bacananusare, upadhyaya somaratake bala ye tini sbayam ai asramabasidigake bedokta bidhananusare : arccita kariya prabista kara'ibena| ami'o tapasbidigera sahita saksat karibara yogya sthane apeksa karitechi| kancuki| deba yerupa adesa karena [ niskranta ] raja | [ ut'thana kariya ] betrabati, tagnigrhera patha dekha'o | pratihari| deba, edike asuna, edike asuna | raja| [gamana karite lagilena; abhilasita drabya prapta ha'iya sukhi haya| khyati utkanthamatra dura kariya thake, yemana sbahastadhrta chatra klesapanodana na kariya se'irupa | rajyapalanaklesa abhinaya kariya! ] sakale'i rajadigera kintu abhilasasid'dhi klesabahula| labdharajyera raksa byapara klesadayaka ; pratyuta sramera nimitta haya, rajya'o King -[Respectfully ]. What? Bearers of a message fron Kanwa? Kanchuki.-Yes. King. - Inform then, in my name, the preceptor, Somarata, that it behoves him to introduce those dwellers of a hermitage, after having honoured them according to the form prescribed by the Vedas; while I too will wait (for them) in a place suited to the visit (reception) of holy hermits. Kanchuki-As your majesty commands. [Exit] King.-[Rising]. Vetravati, show the way to the chamber of (the consecrated) fires. Warder. This way, liege, this way. but King-[Walking on,-expressing the cares of government]. Every being becomes contented on getting its desired object; the fulfilment of the desires of kings has rather sorrow in its trainSuccess does only put an end to anxiety and eagerness. The

er e ne of 1]. but in. The NOTES-ACT V. 181 care of guarding what has been acquired gives pain. Like an umbrella the handle of which is held in one's own hands, a kingdom is not so much for the removal of fatigue, as for (the begetting of) toil. prathamah | khasukhanirabhilasah pratidinam loka hetoh khidyase, athava te vrttih evamvidhaiva | padapah mudda tivra usna anubhavati chayaya samsritanam paritapam samayati || bl nasti abhilasah yasya sah nirabhilasah svamya sukhe nirabhilasah iti svasukha- nirabhilasah khasukhanusandhanat viratacestah lokasya prajanam hetoh prajasukhartha- mityarthah pratidinam pratyahameva khidyase kesamanubhavasi | devadikat khideh karttari lat | athava te vrttih vyaparah eva idrsi vidha prakaro yasyah sa ; parartham klesanubhavaya eva tava srstih | etadeva drstantena dradhayati padapi vrksah muda sirasa tivra atiprakharam una ' dharma anubhavati kintu kayagra kayadanena samsritanam asritanam vrcamulasthitanam paritapam usnanivandhanam kasam samayati srapagamayati | drstanto'lankarah drstantah punaretesam sarvesam prativimvanat | malinovrttam | laksanam tuktam prak | "ghasthi hetuprayoge " iti loka hetorityava sasthau | | Change of voice. - svasukhanirabhilasena ... khidyate | vrttya evamvidhaya bhuyate | ... padapena ... anubhuyate | ... paritapah sanyate | dvitiyah | attadandah vimargaprasthitan niyamayasi, vivadam prasamayasi, raca- naya kalpase | prajanam atanusu vibhavesu jnatayah santu nama, vandhukkrtyam tu tvayi parisamaptam || 8| cattah grhitah ( sranpurvat dadateh karmani ktah ) dandah yena sah lokaraksaye dhrtadandah tva ' viruddhe kutsite marge prasthitah tan vimargapasthitan unmargagaminah utpathapravrttaniti yavat niyamayasi sadacaranat viramayasi | vivada daya- dyayam kalaham prasamayasi suvicarena nivarayasi ; raksanaya lokaraksartham kalpase ; utsahase ; yaha racati iti racanah mandyaditvat lyah palakah tasmai kalpase sampadya se ; sanpadyamanat kta pyadeh iti caturthi | prajanam atanusu vipulesu vibhavesu satsu jnataya . vandhujanah santu nameti sambhavanayam vipulani sampatsukhani 'anubhavantu nama vandhujanah | kintu vandhunam krtyam vipacanadikam tvayi parisamatam paryavasitam | tvameva prajanam hitanusthane nirato'si ityarthah | vandhubhyo'pi vyatirekakathanat vyatirekah vyajate | vrttantu purvavat | ;

niyamayasi iti yamernici mitam hrakhah iti hakhah anupasrstat tunau yamayatih yamayati iti padaddayam bhavati | Change of voice. - dana vima thitah niyaya | vivahah saya racanaya nrlpate | ... jatibhih bhu ... vana parimana bhuya | nepathye-baitalikadbaya | maharajera jaya ha'uka | prathama| apani nijamukhe nihsprha ha'iya pratidina prajara jan'ya duhgasbikara karitechena | athaba apanara byabahara'i e'irupa| padapa nija mastakadbara atiprakhara raudra sahya kare; kintu chaya dana kariya asrita byaktidigera klesa nibarana kariya thake | dbitiya| apani bipathaprasthitadigake danda diya binita karitechena, prajadigera, kalaha nibarana karitechena ebam loka digera raksara jan'ya prabhabasampanna| prajadigera jnatigana bipula bibhabera samaya ( sukhabhoga karite) thakuka ; kintu bandhura karya (bipat-tranadi ) apanate'i parisamapta ha'iyache | [ Behind the scenes }. Two Heralds.-May the lord, the king, be victorious. First Hera'd.-Having no desire for your own comforts and happiness, you take trouble every day for the ( weal of ) the subjects, or rather the course of your conduct is of such a nature. The tree bears on its head the intense heat (of the sun); but allays by its shade the fatigue of those that have resorted to it. Second Herald.-Holding the sceptre, you check those that have taken to evil ways: put an end to dissensions; and contribute to protection. Let the relations be in tinies of (i. e. to enjoy) abundant riches, but the duty of a relation of the subjects is finished (attained its consummation) in you. raja| klantam khinam mano yesam te klantamanasah vayam vahutvamatra sravivacitam | punarapi anavah navah krta iti navikrtah ( cih ) svakarttavyallekhena tarunamut- sahamapadita vayam | pratihari | abhinavena pratyagrena sammarjjanena sasrikah sundarah sannihita homasya dhenuh yava sah sannihita homadhenuh sragnisaranasya alindah vahirdvarapurivartti masah | raja | [ parijanasya skandhe hastam nidhaya ] rsinam agamanasya ko nu khalu |

NOTES-ACT V. ' 183 kimiti - upodhatapasam tratinam tapah kim tavat vighneh dusitam, dharanya caresu pranisu kenacit asat cestitam | srahokhit mama apacaritah virudham prasavah vistambhitah ityarudha़ vahupratarka me manah aparicchedakulam || 8 || upod dhrtam ( vahah ktah ) tapo yaih tesam upodha़tapasam vratinam tapasanam tapah kim vighne antarayaih rajasadibhih dusitam upahatam, athava dharmasya aranya iti dhammaranya m tapovanam tava caranti ye tesu pranisu visaye kenacit janena asat ana cestitam pracaritam ; srahosvit utaho athaveti yavat mama srapacaritaih papaih virudham latanam prasavah pallavapuspadi vistambhitah prativaddhah kim puspam "phalam pavam ca vrksanam prasavam viduh " iti dharanih | uktanca - "rajno'pacarat prthivi svalpasastha bhavet kila | alpayusah prajah sarvva daridra vyadhipiड़िtah " - iti arudhah sanjatah vahavah bratakah samsayah yammin tat bhavahupratakem evambidhaih samsayeh purna me manah apari- cchedena nisrayabhavena srakulam vyathitam varttate | sardulavikriditam vrttam | muktam | vipurvvat nyantat stanbhdhatoh karmmami ktah vistambhitah | | | lacana- pratihari | susobhanam caritam nandanti ye te tadrsah rsayah sabhajayitum bhagatah | samajadhaturadantayuradih sabhajayitum samvarddhayitum sammanayitumityarthah | raja | amara citta klanta ha'ile'o punaraya nutana utsahe purna ha'ilama | [ gamana karite lagilena ] | pratihari| e'i agnigrhera alinda ( alisa) samprati sam'majjita ha'oyaya sundara pariskrta ha'iyache; ihara samipe homadhenu sannihita rahiyache| ihara upari arohana karuna raja|| [ arohana kariya parijanera ansadesa abalambana kariya damra'ilena ] betrabati, ki uddese bhagaban kasyapa amara nikata rsidigake patha'iyachena ? tapahparayana bratiganera tapasya ki raksasadibighnera dbara pratihata ha'iyache : athaba kona dustatma dharm'maranyacari praniganera prati an'yayacarana kariyache; kimba amara papahetu latadira pallarapuspadira utpattinirodha ha'iyache : erupa nana sandeha samudita ha'oyaya amara citta konarupa nirnaya karite na pariya samakula ha'iyache | pratihari| rsigana apanara saccaritrera prasansa kariya sambandhana karite asiyachena e'irupa bibecana haya| King.-Weary as I was in mind, I have been refreshed. [ Walkes on ]. Warder. - Here is the terrace of the chamber of fire, beautiful

and clean by reason of its being recently swept ; and with the cow of sacrifice standing near it. Be pleased, my liege, to ascend. King - [Ascending, stands leaning on the shoulder of his attendant]. Vetravati, with what object in view may the hermits have been sent to me by the holy sire Kasyapa? May it be that the rites of pious men practising austerities have been disturbed by obstacles; or that evil has been done by some one to the animals. roving in the grove of penance ; or that, through my sins, the growth of fruits etc. of the creepers have been obstructed? My mind, with several doubts rising in it in this way, has become perplexed for want of decision. Warder.-I believe, the hermits, the praisers of good deeds have come to pay their respects to your Majesty [ puraskrtya agratah krtva ] sarngaravah | aho mahabhagah narapatih kamam abhinnasthitih, varnanam apakrstah api kascit apatham na bhajate, tathapi sasvat paricitaviviktena manasa aham janakirnam idam hutavahaparita gtavamiva manye || 10 || | aho srasvayryam, mahan bhagah yasya sa tathoktah ayam narapatih dusyantah kamam na bhinna sthiti caina sa abhinnasthitih, mayyadapalakah, asya palanagunena varnanam madhye apakrstah hono'pi kascit na panyah iti srapatham tat asatpatham ityarthah na bhajate unmargagamau na bhavati ; ka katha utkrstavarnanamityarthah apikarena dyotyate | tathapi sarvvatraiva samyagvyavaharadarsanena uddegakarane asatyapi sasvatnirantaram paricitam abhyastam viviktam janasunyasthanam yasya tena tadrsena manasa | "ityambhutalaksane " trtiya karane va ) cetasa aham janaih akirnam purna idam rajagrham hutasya vahah iti hutavahah vahnih tena paritam vyaptam grhamiva, agnina bhasmokriyamanam grhasiva iyam nrpabhavanam sodhegapravesam manye | upamalankarah | sikharinivrttam ; rasaih rudrai hinna yamana - sabhalagah sikharini | varnanamiti nirddhare sasthi | na panyah iti vigrahe "patho vibhasa " ibhi sutrena samasantavidhih pece bhrapnoti ; tavapace apayam "apatham napumsakamiti klivatvam | andhava apanyah | When compounded with the negative particle a to form a compound of the tatpurusa kind, pathin takes the samasanta augment.

NOTES ACT V. 185 optionally. When it takes the augment it becomes neuter. Thus there would be two forms apatham and srapanyah | Change of voice. - mahabhagena narapatina abhinnasthitina bhuyate | ... apakrste - napi kenacit prapayam na bhajyate ... iva ... grhamiva, maya manyate | saraitah | sratah abhyaktamiva, gucih asucimiva, prabuddhah sutamiva, svairagatih baddhamiva, aham vaha sukhasanginam janam sravaimi ||21|1 sratah nadyadau krtavagahanah janah abhyaktam tailadina banat purvam macita- sariram janamiva, anena samsaragahane bhramato janasya malasangah dhvanitah ; sucih asucimiva, etena samsaravartmanah mocanupayogitvam sucitam, pravuddhah vitanidrah suptam nidranamiva anena mayavijrmbhite samsare tattvika buddhimahatmiketi dyotitam, khaira svacchanda gatih yasya sa svacchanda gamanah bada ' srnkhaladibhih karayam niruddhamiva ; etena paratantraprat ' svarajyasiddheire khala samsrtiklesanataka vidamvanavidhiriti khyapitam | aham sugve sangi tam, samsara sukhasanacetasam janam sravaimi manye | naham purapravesat bhavaniva udvignah, kintu sravidyapathavarttino asya jananivahasya dasamanu- cintayatah me hrdayamanukampasprstamiti bhavah | malopama ; yaduktam malopama yada- kasya vahnapamanatvam | kha़ैra gati svadorerinoh iti vrddhih | If there be ira and irin after sva let there be vrddhi instead of guna | Change of voice | sucina asuciriva pravuddhena abhyakta iva sratena sukhasango avedhate | supta iva, vaddha va svaiggatina, naya janah [ tahara para gautamira sahita rsigana sakuntalake agre kariya prabesa kari lena ; ebam ihadigera agre kancuki o purohita prabesa karilena ]| kancuki| apanara edike asuna | sanga raba | saradbata, e'i mahabhaga narapati sampurnabhabe samajaraksara niyamadi palana karena| | ihara adhikrta prajara madhye ) hinabarnera o kona byakti asatpara abalambana kare na; kintu tathapi amara citta nirantara bijanapradese abhyasta : ha'oyaya e'i janakirna rajabhabana amara nikata agnisamakirna grhera n'yaya ( udbegakara ) bodha ha'iteche saradbata| tumi pure prabesa karite erupa anubhaba karitecha, bodha haya| snata byakti tailaktasarira byaktike dethiya, suci asucike, jagarita nidritake, ebam sbacchandagati abarud'dha byaktike dekhiya ruepa mane kare, ami'o sansara sukhasaktacitta- byaktidigake se'irupa mane karitechi|

186. ABHIJNANA SAKUNTALAM, [Then enter the hermits leading Sakuntala with Gautami, and before them, the chamberlain and the priest]. Kanchuki.-This way, holy sirs, this way. Sarangarava. - Saradwata, true that this illustrious monarch does never neglect the maintenance of good order. None, not even any one of the meanest of the classes, does take to evil waysyet with my mind always familiar with (or accustomed to) solitude.. I look upon this place, full of men as it is, as a house on fire. Saradwata. - Methinks that on entering the city, you have become so (disposed). I too regard the people here given to pleasures, (in the same way) as a man having finished ablutions. looks upon one besmeared with oil; as pure one looks upon one who is impure; as one awake looks upon one who is sleeping; as one moving at will looks upon one fettered sakuntala | [ nimittam daksinaksispandanarupam sakunam sucayitva srabhiniya ] vamat itarat iti vametarat tatpuruse sarvanamasamjna durvvara, visphurati spandate | purohitah | varna brahmanadayah srasramah brahmacaryyadayah tesam krdryogalaca karmmani sasthi raksiteti padam trc pratyayasadhitam | sarngaravah | mahavrahmana ityava dvijasabdena saha mahacchabdasya prayoge dustarthah na tu hijapayyayapathitena brahmanasabdena ityanusandheyam | abhinandanauyam prasamsaniyam ; tathapi avavisaye madhyasthah udasinah acarasya pratipattau na tosah napratipattau rosah | yadayam . narapatirevamanusthitavan tava na kincita vismayakaranam ; mahatamiyameva hi pravattiriti darsayannaha - bhavantiti taravah phalagamaih namra bhavanti, ghanah navambubhih duravilambinah satapurusah samrddhibhih anuddhatah, paropakarinam esa eva svabhavah || 12||taravah phala || 2 gamaih phalanamudayena namrah nata na tu uddhatah iti bhavah bhavanti, ghanah meghah navani pratrsi sambhrtani ambuni salilani taih navambubhih jalapurnah santah ityarthah ( karane trtiya ) duram vahaduram bhusannidhim yavadityarthah vilambante iti duravilambinah suduravanata bhavanti | satpurusah sadhavah samrddhibhih sampadbhih anuddhatah anutsikta vinita bhavanti ( ekasyapi dharmasya caranavaye prtha ‌nnirddesat prativastupamalankarah ) paropakarinam mahatam esa eva svabhavah abhyudaye vinautatvameva satam prakrtih | ( samanyavisesabhavanirddesat arthantaranyasah alankarah ) |

NOTES ACT V. 187 11221 Change of voice.- tarubhih namrah ghanaih duravilambibhih satapurusaih sranuddhateh bhuyate | pratihari | prasannah bhayadibhirakalusitatvat nirmalah mukhavarnah yesam te tadrsah rsayah visrabdham udvegasunyam karyam yesam te tathoktah anumiyante | nete ratobhirvyahatatapo'nusthanah, nava upaplavantaropadrutah | - raja | keti - pandupavanam madhye kisalayamiva tapodhananam madhye natipari- sphutasariralavanya, avagunthanavati iyam ka svit ||13|| panduni jirnani pamcani tesam madhye kisalayam navodgatam pallavamiva tapodhananam madhye na prati parisphutam avagunthanena sracchaditatvat na samyak vahiruhninam sarirasya lavanya kantih yasyah tayokta avagunthanavrtasarira dhyam ka bhavet viditi pra avyayam | vitarke va | vitarke va | avopamalankarah, ayya jatih tallaksanam yasyah parda prathame dvadasa matrastatha trtiye'pi | srastadasa dvitiye caturthake pancadasa saya | pratihari | kutuhalam jnaneccha garbhe abhyantare yasya sa tathoktah, kautuhale naka- ritah prahitah keyamiti niscetumutyapitah bhayam tarkah na prasarati, avadham na pravarttate | naham nirnetumannamityarthah | kintu srasyah ramanyah srakrtih darsaniya darsanayogya hrdayangamamurttiriyam | raja | parasya anyasya kalavam bhayya kalavam sronibhayyaiyorityamarah na nirvarnaniyam na savisesam drastum yogyam | sakuntala | [ hastamurasi krtva hrdaye hastam datva sratmagatam ] svaminah bhavam cittasya snehatmikam vrttim anuragamityarthah avadha hrdaye bhavayitva dhauram bhava avadharaya iti pathe, cittabhiprayam nirupaya | purohitah | upadhyayasya guroh kakhasya kacit sandesah vartta vartate | rsayah | drstena iti saharthe trtiya | dusadhatoh tah | raja | na santi vighnah yesam tani nirvighnani, tathoktani tapamsi yesam te nirvvighnatapasah | rsayah | tvayi satam racitari sati dharmakriyavighnah kutah | dharmasau tapati tamah katham avirbhavisyati ? ||14 || bhavati sadhunam palake varttamane sati dhamarthah kriyah inyadayah tasam vighnah antarayah kutah kasmata sambhavati, na kuto'pi nimittadityarthah | tava drstantamaha ghami usnah | gharmo nidaghah svedah syata, ucno'pi gharmah ubhayatramarah | varmah syadatape grausmepyusnakhedambhasorapiti medini ) amsavah kirana yasya tasmin vanamsau

vau tapati kiranan vitarati sati tamah dhvantam katham sravirbhavisyati muyomdaye yatha timiram vilayam yati, bhavati dandadhare tatha sadhunam dharmanusthanavighna antarhita iti drstantalankarah | anurupoktih raghau suryyam tapatyavaranaya drsteh kalpeta lokasya katham tamisra | Change of voice. - dharmakriyavighnena ... tamasa katham avirbhavisyate | raja | arthavan bhanvarthah sarthaka iti yavat prasamsayam matup | lokasya janasya bhuvanasya va "lokalya bhuvane jane ityamarah " anugrahaya lokanugraham kartumiti kriyarthopapadetyadina caturyo lokam anugrahitum iti va tumarthacca bhavavacanaditi caturthi, yaha tadarthe | rsayah | khadhinam svatantam kusalam yesam te tathoktah hi, siddhih tapasiddhih vidyate yesam te siddhimantah | sanamayah arogya ( amayah rogah rogavyadhigadamayah ityamarah ) purvvah yasmin tat yatha tatha, sesat vibhasa iti samasantah kah | Those adjective compounds (bahuvrihi ), in which no provision for the augment (of any kind) has been made, take optionally the augment ka | anamayasabdaprayoge pramanam - "brahmanam kusalam prcchet cacavandhumanamayam | vaisyam cemam samagamya sudramarogyamevaca " || . sakuntala| [ durnimitta anubhaba karilena e'irupa abhinaya kariya ] ( oma ) amara daksina caksu spandita ha'iteche kena ? gautami | base amangala dura ha'uka, tomara sbamikulera debatagana tomara yugabidhana karuna [ gamana karite lagilena ? | purohita| [ rajake dekha'iya1 ] he tapathigana, barnasramera raksaka'e'imahanu- bhaba narapati purbba ha'ite'i asana parityaga kariya apanadera pratiksa karitechena ; uhake abalokana karuna | sanga raba| brahman, iha prasansara bisaya bate, kintu amara e bisaye udasina| karana, brksasakala phalabana ha'ile namra haya, nuruna jalakane ( purna ha'iya ) meghaguli aneka dura paryanta namiya pare, sadhu byaktigana abhyudaye anud'dhata hana, paropakaridigera sbabhaba'i e'i | pratihari| maharaja ihadigera mukhabarna nirbhula dekhitechi, rsidigera karyya santa bhabera, konarupa udbegahetuka nahe bodha ha'iteche | raja | [ sakuntalake dekhiya ] tapanadigera madhye abagunthanabrtasarira, anabhi- byakta sarira katti, paripakka pandupatrera madhye acirodgata abhinaba kisalayadalera n'yara drsyamana e'i strilokata ke ?

NOTES-ACT V. 189 pratihari| kautuhalabasatah e'irupa bitarka udita ha'iteche kintu kichu nirnaya karite paritechi na| ihara akrti sundara | raja| ha'uka, parastri darsanayogya nahe | sakuntala | [ hrdaye hasta diya atmagata ] hrdaya, erupa kampita ha'itecha kena? aryyaputrera snehera bisaya cinta kariya sthira ha'o| purohita| [ agre gamana kariya| ] e'i tapasbigana yathabidhi satkrta ha'iyachena, i hadigera gurura kona bartta ache apani taha srabana karuna| raja| ami manoyoga diyachi| rsigana | [ hasta uttolana kariya ] maharaja jayayukta ha'una | raja| apanadera sakalake abhibadana kari| rsigana| istasid'dhi ha'uka | raja| munidigera upasthara kona bighna na'i ta ? | rsigana | apani sadhudigera raksakarta thakite dharm'makaryyera bighna kirupe ha'ite pare ? suryya kirana dana karile andhakara kirupe abirbhuta ha'ite pare ? raja | amara rajasabda sarthaka | bhagabana kapa lokanugrahera nimitta kusale achena ta ? rsigana | tapahsid'dha digera kusala sbayatta| tini apanake anamaya prasnapurbbaka iha baliyachena | raja| ki adesa kariyachena ? Sakuntala.[Acting as if feeling an omen]. Alack! Why does my eye other than the left throb? Gautami.-Child, (heaven) forbid the evil! May the guardian deities of your husband's family confer happiness (on you ) [walks on]. Priest . - [ Pointing to the king ]. O hermits, there is the protector of the several classes and orders waiting for you, after having at the first left his seat. See him. Sarangarava.-Great Brahmin, true that it is laudable; but we are indifferent to it. Because :-Trees become bent or weighed down by the appearance (or growth) of fruits; clouds hang (come) a long way down by new watery particles; good men do not become arrogant in prosperity: such is the nature of the benevolent. Warder. They are seen to have a placid appearance, my lord ; I believe their business is of a quiet nature.

King.-[Seeing Sakuntala.] Who can this veiled lady be with the beauty of her body not clearly perceptible, among the ascetics, like a fresh sprout among yellow, faded leaves? Warder. My lord, my conjecture, roused and directed by curiosity, does not proceed ((to a conclusion.) But her appearance is worth seeing. King. Well let it be. But the wife of another man is not to be closely looked at. Sakuntala.-[Placing her hand on her breast; aside], Why do you, my heart, tremble thus? Remembering the affection of my husband, be composed. Priest. [Advancing]. These hermits have been received in proper form. There is some message from their preceptor. It behoves your Majesty to hear it. King. I am all attention. Hermits.-[Raising their hands]. Be victorious, O king! King. I bow to you all. Hermits. May you have your desires (fulfilled). King. Are the hermits unmolested in the practice of their penance? Hermits.-You being the protector of the good, whence, will there be impediments to religious observances? How can darkness prevail when the sun is shining? King-Truly has my title of king become significant. Is the holy sage Kasyapa faring well for the good of the world (or people)? Hermits.- Men of highly developed powers have welfare in their own power. He says it to your Majesty, after having previously made an inquiry as to your good health. King.-What does his holiness command ? sarngarava | mithah samayat anyanyapratijnavasat gandharvvena vidhina ityarthah "gandharccah samayanmithah " iti yajnamvalka smaranat, yat bhavan imam upayamsta udavodha़, parinitavaniti yavat, tanmayanumoditam| upat yameh lun | upadyamah kha़karane iti atmanepadam | The root yam with the prefix upa takes the in the sense of marrying.

NOTES-ACT V. 191 kuta iti | tvam tam pragrasarah na smrto'si ; sakuntala ca murtimati satkriya tulyagunam vadhuvaram samanayan prajapatih virasya vacyam na gatah || 15 || srata yogyanam madhye ( nihare sasthi ) tvam pragrasarah prakarsena agrasarah agrayayi sresthah ityarthah nah asmakam smrto'si srasmabhiriti manyate ityarthah | pragraharah iti pathe pragraharah sresthah " paragriharah " ityamarah | sakuntala ca murttimati sacat --saririni satkriya anakriya ; iti rupakam | tulyah gunah kulasila saundaryya- dayah yasya tat tulyagunam gunairanyonyanurupam vadhuh navaparinita strau varah bodha़ा ca tayoh samaharah prati vadhuvaram tat samanayan yojayan prajapatih vedhah cirasya cirakalana ityarthah bacyam nindam na gatah ; vacyantu kutsite hone vacanarhe na pumsi tu ; dusakhe palane iti sabdabhih | visama hi vidhatuh sanghatanaritih iti lokavadat niskrtim gatah | cirasyeti vibhatyanta pratirupaka matryayam | ciraya ciraravaya syadyah cirardha kah ityamarah || 15 || "aih prasamsayami " ti satr pratyayah | In the sense of "praise" the root takes the participial form of na, (irrespective of any indication as to time) "na: smrtah ", nah ityava matibuddhipujarthebhyasva iti vartta- manavihitaktayogat karttari sasthau | Verbs having the signification of knowing, liking and honouring take the participial form in the present tense (instead of in the past). And in connection with in the present tense, the nominative case (of the verb with a in the present tense ) takes the sixth case-ending. taditi vakyopasamhare bhapatra praptam satvam garbhah yaya sa apanasatva garmino dhyam svikriyatam yaha bhapanna satvam iti srapannasatva | praptapannedditiyaya iti tatpurusah | gautami | vacanasya avasarah avakasah nasti, katham vacanavakasah nasti iti vadasi cet tava vravimi - anaya sakuntalaya parinayavidhau gurujanah asmadrsah va prstah ammanmatanusarena neyam krtavivahamangala | napi tvaya jnativargasya abhiprayah "asmin visaye jijnasitah | ittham anyonyam rahasi sracarite parinaya karmani bhavayam tahyaparanabhijna madrsah janah anyasya krte anyam kim vadisyati || 16 || raja | kimidam upanyastam ? kimidam vakkumarakhvam upanyasastu vanmukha- mityamarah | sakuntala| [ sratmagatam ] | rajnah ayam vacanarambhah bahniriva hrnmam- -dahakah | rupakalankarah |

sarngaravah | lokasya vrttantah vartta tava nisnatah kusalah pravinah pravine- nipunabhijnavijnanisnatasicita ityamarah | "ninadibhyam nateh kosale " iti satvam | root is changed into cerebral dexterity or expertness is implied. nipurvvat srateh karttari ktah nisnatah The initial dental of the after fa and, when kathamidam nama iti namava krodhe namaprakasya sambhavya krodhopagama kutsaneh ityamarah | satimiti - bhartrmataum jnatikulaikasamsrayam satimapi ( pramadam ) janah anyatha visankate | atah pramada tadapriyapi svavandhubhih parinetuh samipe isyate || 17 || bhartta svami vidadyate yasyah tam bhartrmatom jivatpatikam jnatinam pitradinam kulam grham jnatih sagotre pitari, kulam janapade grhe ; sajatiyaganogotram iti ca visvah ) tadeva ekah samsrayah nivasah yasyah tam niyatameva pitradigrhe vasantim satomapi sadhvimapi pramadam naraum janah sadharano janah anyathavyabhicarina ityarthah visankata utpreksatam ; anyatha kathamiyam svamisakasam na gacchati iti vibhatsah lokavadah sarvvatah prasarati iti tatpayyam | atah asmat hetoh asya lokavadasya parijihirsaya pramada tasya bhartuh svaminah srapriya api anabhimata satyapi 'parinetuh upayantuh samaupe sthita iti sesah svastha bandhubhih pivadibhih isyate banchayate| lokanindayah svamisannidhane bhartturananuragajanyakleso duhituh sreyan manyate | pivadibhiriti bhavah | visese vaktavye samanyavacanam aprastutaprasamsa- lankarah iti raghavabhattah | 1 Change of voice.- sati srapi jnatikulaikasamsraya janena ... bharttrmati visankayate | ... tadapriyamapi pramadam svavandhavah icchanti | sa'iraba| paraspara samaya purbbaka amara kan'yake ye bibaha kariyachilena taha ami ahladita ha'iya anumodana kariyachi : karana, apani satkarayogya byaktidigera madhye srestha amara e'irupa bibecana kariya thaki; sakugula'o murttimati satkriya| tulyaguna badhubarake milita kariya prajapati ciradinera jan'ya ninda| ha'ite mukti pa'iyachena| eksane ini antarbbatni ihake ekasange dharma acarana karibara jan'ya grahana karuna | gautami | aryya ami'o kichu balite icchuka ha'iyachi kintu amara balibara abakasa na'i kena erupa balitechi tahara karana, e'i sakuntala gurujanera apeksa kare na'i, apani'o bandhu bandhabake gijnasa karena na'i; erupe paraspare acarana karile eka janera jan'ya an'ya janake ki baliba |

NOTES ACT V. 193 T: e (0) T: t 3: ya pa a T- to zhe pana 515 ta ke sakuntala| [ atmagata ] aryyaputra ki balibena | raja| e abara ki arabdha ha'ila ? sakuntala| [ atmagata ] e'i bakyaranta bahnidrsa | sanga raba| e abara ki? ( bate) apanara'i na lokabyabahare nitanta nipuna ? sadhbi sadhaba nari niyata pitrkule basa karile, sadharana loke tahake antarupa sandeha kariya thake| e'i nimitta pramadara bandhugana sbamira apriya ha'ile'o nari patisamipe thake iha abhilasa karena| Sarngarava. With gladness have I approved of your marrying my daughter by mutual agreement. Because :-You are looked upon by us as the foremost of worthy persons. And Sakuntala is goodness in bodily form. Bringing together a bride and a bridegroom of equal virtues, the lord of creation has for a long time (to come), not incurred (and will not incur) censure. Take her then, who is now big with child, for the joint performance of religious observances. Gautami. Reverend sir, I am willing to speak something. But there is no room for saying (anything). (If it is asked), why so? (I will add). Her superiors she did not wait for; nor your relations were consulted by you. In a matter done thus between yourselves, what shall I say to one on behalf of the other? Sakuntala. [Aside]. What will my huband say? King. What is this proposed ? Sakuntala.-[Aside]. The statement (made) in (these) words is fire indeed! Sarngarava. How so? Yourselves are well acquainted with the affairs of the world. People suspect a woman to be otherwise who, having her husband (living), has the paternal roof as her only shelter, even though she be virtuous and chaste; hence she is desired by her relations to be near her husband though she may not be in his good grace. raja | purvam parinita iti parinitapuba, mayuravyamsakadayasceti nipatanat samasa | "caratabhutapurvve " iti nirdesat purvvasabdasya paranipatah | sakuntala | [ visadena rajnah vajripamavacanasravanat cetaso bhangena saha ] hrdaya, sampratam te asanka | 13

sarngaravah | krtam purvvaparamanalocayata cittasyavegavasat anusthitam yat gudha़ी- payamanarupamh kayryyam tasmin dvesat, vairagena ghrnavasat dharmma prati vimukhata, adhammanusthanam kim bhavadrsasya sadrsam | raja | asato kalpana tasyah prasnah iti srasatkalpanaprasrah | gudha़ी dahasthapa lapah kriyate kalpanayah ko nanu te hetuh | sarngaravah | sramo vikarah, bhavalepamulah evamvidhah citabhavah prayena dhana madotsiktanameva bhavanti | murcchanti prasaranti pradurbhavanti iti yavat 18 || raja | adhiciptah tiraskrtah ; visesena iti prakkrtyadibhyascetyupasamkhyanat trtiya | vastutastu kriyavisesanamidam | raja| ami ki ihake purbbe bibaha kariyachi ? sakusula|| [ bisama ha'iya1 atmata ] hrdaya, eksana tomara asanka|| sanga raba| purbbakrta karyyera prati dbesabasatah dharm'mera prati bimugdhatacarana ki rajara ucita ? raja| erupa asatkalpana prasna ki hetu karitechena ? sanga raba| dhanamade mattadigera'i praya e'irupa bikara ha'iya thake | raja| bisistarupe tirankata ha'ilama | gautami| batse muhurtakala lajja kari'o na, tomara abagunthana mocana kariya di'i taha ha'ile tomara sbami tomake cinite paribena| [ abagunthana mocana kariya dilena ]| King. - Has this lady been married before by me ? Sakuntala. - [Sorrowfully aside]. O my heart, now is (the cause of) your alarm (come ). Sarngarava. Is dislike for duty becoming a king, because of his abhorrence for an action done before? King-Whence is this question based on a wrong supposition? Sarngarava-Such changes and inconstancies do generally prevail in men maddened with power and wealth. King-I am strongly insulted. Gautami.-Be not bashful, my child, for a while, I will remove 'your veil ; and your husband will recognise you. [Does as said ]. raja | baklistakanti evam upanatam idam rupam prathamaparigrhitam syat na ba iti vyavasyan aham bhramarah vibhate antastusaram kunda iva na paribhoktum na ca hatum saknomi khalu ||18||

NOTES-ACT V. 195 ra f T aklista kantiryasya tat sraklista kanti ujjvalasobham evam anena prakarena srayamam vinaiva upanatam svayam praptam idam rupam kantimato bhakrtih prathamam purva parigrhitam svikrtam syat na va iti vyavasthan niscinvan vicarayan aham bhramarah satpadah vibhati prabhate antah madhye tusarah himam nauhara iti yavat yasya tat tadrnam kundam madhyam puspamiva na paribhoktum na ca hatu vyaktum saknomi | nisrayabhavat karttavyavimudha़tam gato'smi | anurupi bhavah- - "yatha majjan payorasau lava sarpavilambanam | na muncati na cadhatte tatha mugdho'smi sampratam || " upamalankarah | antatusaramiti visesanena pusparasapane bhramarasya yatha vadha, tatha paraparigrahatva, sakuntala grahane papasparsarupi vyaghatah srasti iti dhvanitam| malinovrttam | Change of voice. - vyavasthata maya bhramareneva na sakyate | pratihari | aho dharmapecita bhartuh | idrsam nama mukhopanatam rupam drsta ko'nyah vicarayati | dharmma ' apeksate anurudhyate iti dharmampeksau tasya bhavah dhamim katvamityarthah | sarngaravah | josam trna ; trsnaumarthe sukhe josamityamarah | josamiti manta- mavyayam | srasyate, bhaserbhave lat | raja | khikaranam vivahah | abhivyakta parisphutam satvasya lacanam yasyah tam parisphutagarbhacihnam imam sakuntalam prati sratmanam devam patrau asya astoti devi ta devinam manyamanah, bhavatu tavat iyam matparigtahota, kintu asyam vijam na maya nisita anyasya kasyapi tejo dadhanam imam katham grahisyami | sakuntala | [ srapavayyai ] duramadhirohati ya sa duradhirohini duragata (rohateh vinih ) | asya mahisau bhutva khapuvam rajeा nivesayeyam ityakara asa vilupta | sarngaravah | krtavamasam sutam anumanyamanah munih tvaya ma tavat vimanyah nama mustam kha m artham pratigrahayata yena dasyuriva tvam pavaukkrto'si || 20 || krtah avamarsah askandanam dharsanam iti yavat yasyah tam krtavamasi ; muneranumati- -mantaranaiva caureneva svayam parigtayopabhuktam sutam duhitaram anumanyamanah tvatkrtamasyah gudha़ीpayamanamanumodayan munih kakhah tvaya ma tavat vimanyah sravamantavyah, nameti krodhe | sakuntalayah pratyakhyanenamam mavajanihi yaha anumanyamanah munih tvaya bimanyonamah yah ittham sracaritavan tasya muneh duhituh pratyakhyanena avamananam karosi mametyarthah | matavaditi kruddhasya vakyasamapti sucayati | mustam ciritam kham

svakiyam artham pratigrahayata, pratipadayata yena rsina dasyuscaura iva tvam apa pava krtah iti payokkrtah sakuntalarupe vastuni nyayanugatadhikarasampannah krtah | yatha kascit svami apahrtam dravyajatam dasyave pratipadayan tam tasya vastunah svaminam sampa- dayamti ; taddat munirari tvam svaduhituh vodharam krtavan iti upamalankarah | mupajatih | A ta- sa dhatah : ka ि| mumosa ; lun, mosat | saratah | - lata, nata ; li, The root ra ram and para | virameti vyanparibhyoramah iti parasmaipadam | takes the paramaipada in connection with the upasa va pratyayartham visvasartham prativacanam | asya rajnah visvasotpadanam tvadadhinam khalu | raja| [sakuntalake dekhiya atmagata] sbayam upasthita, amlanasobha e'i sundarike purbbe bibaha kariyachi ki na e'irupa bicaraparayana ami, bhramara prabhate agustusara kunda puspake yerupa grahana'o karite pare na tyaga'o karite pare na se'irupa upabhoga'o karite paritechi na tyaga'o karite paritechi na| [ citta| karite- lagilena ] | pratihari| prabhura ki dharm'manuraga, anayasalabdha idrsa rupa dekhiya jan'ya ara ke bicara kariya thake ? sanga raba| rajan mauna abalambana kariya rahilena kena ? raja| rsigana, ami aneka cinta kariya'o ihara sahita parinayera bibara smarana karite parilama na| ihara garbhalaksana prakasa pa'iyache | ihara santana, (ihake grahana karile) amara ksetrajasantana ha'ibe, idrsa abasthaya kirupe ihake grahana kari ? sakuntala| [ sbagata ] aryyaputrera bibahe'i sandeha; amara ucca asa eksana kothaya ? sanga raba| apanara kartrka upabhukta kan'yake yini anumodana kariyachena ; ebam dasyuke apahrta arthasamuha pradana kariya yerupa se'i dhanera adhikari kara yaya, se'irupa apanake yini kan'yara parineta kariyachena se'i rsike apani bimanita karibena na | saradbata | sanga raba, tumi eksana birata ha'o | sakugule, amadera yaha balibara taha! balilarsa, narapati e'irupa balilena, eksane bisbasotpadaka pratyuttara ihake pradana kara| King.-[Looking attentively at Sakuntala; aside]. Revolv ing (in my mind) if this beauty of spotless loveliness, which has come in this manner, has been accepted before or not, I can neither

I a " -- ka if nara na, ke 7: 9. nata ka 1 vas mer __NOTES-ACTv. 197 enjoy nor give it up; like a bee in the morning ( with regard to ) a kunda flower having dew within it. [Remains musing ]. Warder.-Oh! What a devotion of our lord to righteousness ▸ Who else would think of hesitating at the sight of such a beauty aithat has easily come (of itself) ? Sarngarava. - Why are you, O king, silent ? King.-O hermits, though I have revolved (the matter in my mind), yet I cannot really remember my acceptance (in mar riage) of her. How then shall I take her, in whom the signs of pregnancy are plainly visible, knowing myself to be a husband in name ? Sakuntala. [Aside].-My husband has doubts regarding the marriage itself. Those high, far-reaching hopes ! where are they ! Sarngarava. That sage who approves of his daughter outraged ( by you ), and who offering back his stolen property has made you, like a robber, an object of the gift - that sage should not be insulted by you. Saradvata. - Sarngarava, let you stop now. Sakuntala, we have said what we had to say; his majesty says so. Give him a reply that is convincing. hrdayam yasya sakuntala | sranya avastha iti avasthantaram mayuravyamsakadayasceti nipatanat samasah | smaritena iti gamyamanasadhanakriyapeksaya karanatvat trtiya | mocaniyah lokanindayah raksaniyah | vyavasitam mmaranaya srayumudyamah krtah | vyavapulat sodhatoh bhave ktah | samudacarah srayryaputrasabdena sambodhanarupa rotih | yuktam nama, nameti kutsane | svabhavottana hrdayam svabhavena prakrtya uttanam rtu tam idrseh nisthuraih mamme vidarakah | samayah sapathah purvah yasmin tat yatha tatha samaya- purvakam pratijnanapurvakam, samayah sapathacarakalasiddhantasamvidah ityamarah | khyatum srakhikartum nirakartumiti yavat sakadhrsetyadina yuktamiti sraharthopapade tumun utpurvvat tanoteh karttari nah uttanam tathaca varttikam tanoterupasamkhyanam | raja | kulangasa sindhuh prasanna ' anbhah tatatarunca iva tvam vyapadesam avilayitum imam janam ca patayitu ' kim iha se || 2 || kulam kasati ya sa krlangasa kulamudra || 21 || sindhuh nado, (dese nadavisese'bdhau sindhurna sariti striyam ) prasanna nirmalam jalam tatasya taruh tam tatastham vrksam ca iva, tvam ( kulata iti srasayah ) vyapadisyate khyayate

anena iti vyapadesah kulam sratmanah nirmulam vamsam sravilayitum, avilam kalasam karttum imam tatastham nihsamparkamiti bhavah janam patayitum niraye nimajjayitunca kim . iha se cestase | upamalankarah ; bhayya jatih | kaluso'naccha avila ityamarah | sravilam karoti iti sravilayati, pravila- sabdat nica | kulam kasati ya sa kulangasa "sarvakulabhakarisesu kasah " iti khacpratyayah, "amrurdisada jantasyeti " subhagamah | The root takes the suffix khac having sarva, kula, abhra and karosa used with it as its accusative case. The bases arusa, visat, and those that end in vowels admit of the augment, when verbs admiting a enter into a compound state ( upapadasamasa ) with them. means dry cowdung. Change of voice. - kulangasaya siva iva tvaya ... iyate | iha lun aihista, lit ihancakre | karosa sakuntala | paramarthatah satyameva ; trtiyayastas prakrtyadibhyasceti trtiya | parasya sve tarasya parigraham kalavam sankate yastena | smrtyutpadakam vastu tena | bhavat natmanepadam | abhijnayate anena iti abhijnana apanesyami ityasya karmmanah sariratve'pi kattasthitva raja | udarah mukhyah kalpah nyayah kalpah syat pratyaye nyaye iti visvah | yadayam pacah prastuto'bhijnanapradarsanarupah so'tiyuktah | sakuntala | [mudrayah anguriyakasya sthanam bhangalya ; amsavisesam paramrsya sprstva ] gautami | sakravatarah gangatire janapadavisesah | sacitirtham sacya krta iti prasiddhim gatah jalavatarah, ("tirtham sastrabhvara ksetripayanarirajahsu ca | bhavatararsiju stambupavopadhyayamantrisu " iti medini ) tatra nanavijalam vandamanayah upasprsya pranamantyah te karat nadyam vigalitam | raja | strainam strisamuhah pratyutpanna matiyryasya tat tathoktam | matitva ' pratibhanavatvam | "tatkaliko tu pratibha | pratyutpanna - pratyutpannamatih smrta | " strinam samuha iti strainam "stripumsabhyam navnjana bhavanat " iti nan | Here is appended to in the sense of collection; in other senses e g. hita, bhava &c. it may be used. sakuntala | vidhina daivena bhagyeneti yavat | raja | srotavya m sravanavisayah natu darsanavisayah ataeva samsayavrddhih | sakuntala | nanu iti vakyarambhe sambodhane va |

NOTES-ACT V. 199 nayah dhaाna क़tala | putrah krtah iti putrakrtah " mahasupa " iti samasah tatah svayam kan | yada krtam karanam puvasya krtam karanam yasya ma iti bahuvrihau " sesada vibhasa " ita ka: | potakah savah "pitah pako'rbhakotimbhah prthukah satrakah sisurityamarah | upacchanditah prarthitah pralobhita ityarthah | : hastasya abhyasah samaupah tam | samipe nikatasannasannikatasanoda़vat samdesabhyasasavidhamamayyada savesavat | upakanthantikabhyarnabhyagra srapyabhito'vyayamityamarah | udakapaneccha ityarthah | sagandhesu svaganesu sratmiyesu samanah tulyah gandhah samvandhah yesam te sagandha bahuvrihi samanasya kandasya muiprabhrtyudarkesu iti mutre samanasyeti yogavibhaga istaprasiddhartham kriyate tena sapacah sajatiya ityevamadayah siddha bhavanti adigrahanat sagandhah ityasyapipraptih | iti samanasya sadesah | gandho gandhakah amode lese sambandhagayoriti visvah | sadat vu s ( kan va ) vaya "ma sraranye nivasatah iti bharako bharanya iti | " sakuntala | [ janantike ] se'i anurage erupa abasthantara yakhana ghatiyache, takhana smarana kara'iya'i ba ki phala ! amara atmake kalanka ha'ite raksa karite ha'ibe e'i jan'ya e'i udyama kariyachi| [ prakasye ] aryyaputra [ ard'dha uccarana kariya ] pari- naye'i yagana sandeha takhana erupa sambhasanariti yogya nahe| gauraba, purbbe asrame sbabhabanarala e'i byaktike pratijnapurbbaka prabancana kariya eksane e'irupa bakyera dbara atyakhyana kara apanara upayukta bate ! raja | ( idrsa ) gapa sasta ha'uka ( isbara yena na karena)| kulabipatini nadi yerupa nirm'mala jalake kalusita kare, ebam tatasthita taruke patita kare; tumi'o se'irupa nija bansake kalankita o ( nihsamparka) e'i byaktike ( narake ) pathita karite kena cesta karitecha ? sakuntala| bhala, yadi yathartha'i parapatni sanka kariya apani erupa acarane prabrtta ha'iya thakena, taha ha'ile abhijnanera dbara apanara asanka dura karitechi| raja| utkrsta prastaba | sakuntala| [ anguriyera sthana sparsa kariya| ] ha dhik amara anguli anguliya sun'ya [ bisannabhabe gautami'ra mukhera dike drstipata karilena ]| gautami| sakrabatara grame sacitirthe gangajala bandana karibara samaya niscara tomara anguliya pariya giyache| raja | [ isat hasya kariya ] striloka atisaya pratyutpannamati e'irupa ye kathita jache, taha e'i | (arthat iha| tahara ekati uttama udaharana ) | sakuntala| bidhata e bisaye prabhutba dekha'iyachena ; an'ya ekati bisaya bali | raja | eksane sunibara bisaya ha'ila |

200. ABHIJNANA SAKUNTATAM. sakulo| eka dibasa nabamallika mandape, apanara haste padmapatre jala chila| raja| ami sunitechi | sakuntala| se'i samaye amara krtaputra dirghapanga name mrgasisu upasthita ha'ila | e prathame jalapana karuka e'i baliya| apani anukampaparabasa ha'iya tahake jala dilena, se. kintu aparicaya hetu sthapanara haptasamipe gamana karila na| pascat ami se'i jala grahana karile se udakapane iccha prakasa karila| takhana apani e'i baliya hasiyachilena ye sakale'i apana apana atmiye bisbasa kare, tomara du'i jane'i ban'ya | Sakuntala-[Aside]. That love having undergone such a change, what is the good of reminding? But I have set about it because my ownself is to be 'acquitted. [Aloud]. My lord; [Half uttering.] When marriage itself is doubted, the form of address should not be this. Descendant of Puru! It is quite worthy of you to disown in such words this person of a heart frank and unreserved by nature, after having enticed her in that manner with solemn pledges in the hermitage? King-Heaven forbid it! (literally; let this sin be averted!) Why dost thou seek to soil thy family and demean this person; even as a river undermining its bank makes its limpid water turbid and fells the riparian tree? Sakuntala. Very good if you have proceeded thus, believing me to be really the wife of another person, then I shall remove your doubt by some token. King. A noble proposal. Sakuntala.-[ Touching the side of the ring ] Alas! Alas! my finger is without the ring. [Looks with anguish at Gautami]. Gautami. Surely the ring slipped off (from your finger), when you were bowing to the water of Sachitirtha in Sakravatra. King-[With a smile]. This is what is called ready-witted female sex. Sakuntala. Fate has shown its power in it. I shall tell you another circumstance. K ng. It has now become a matter to be heard! Sakuntala.-One day in the jasmine-bower, there was water in your hand in a cup of lotus-leaves.

NOTES - ACT V. King. - We are listening. 201 Sakuntala. - At that instant, my adopted child, the little fawn, named Dirghapanga, came. Saying "Let it drink first," you kindly tried to induce it by means of water. But for want of familiarity it did not come near your hand. Then on my taking the water, it did favour (to it). Then you laughed, saying " every one confides in one's own kind ; in this particular case, both of you are wild." raja | atmanam karyam nivrvarttayanti yah tasam svabhipretasadhane tatparana dustanam narinam sranrtamayaih bhivyapracure vajabhih amrtakalpaih vacanaih visayinah indriyarthakrstacetanah narah srakrsyante apakriyante kavyakavya vivekavidhura bhavanti ityarthah natu madrsah iti tatparyyam | gautami | mantrayitum vaktum | kitena vati iti kitavah ( kitsabdapurvvat - vadhatoh kah ) sathah tasya kam iti kaitavam sabya ' tasya anabhijnah (karmmani sasti ) | tapovane varddhitatvat saralah ayam sakuntalarupah janah sayam na janati | raja | tapasi casau hadda ceti karmadharaye purvapadasya pumvadbhavah | tat- samvodhane | strinam amanusosa asiksitapatutva mahasyate ; kimuta yah pratibodhavatyah | parabhrtah antariksagamanat prak svam apatyanata dhanyaih hijaih sosayanti khalu || 22 || strinam madhye (nirdvare sasthi ) sramanusisu manusobhinnasu tiryagyonisu " vascaka vagadivyavahararahitasu api iti bhavah " asiksitam yat patutvam tat siksamantarena naisargikam kausalam samdrsyate ; yah prativodhavatyah visistabuddhayah manusyah tah kimuta, tasam naisargika caturye samsayavasaro nastiti bhavah | parabhrtah kokilah (jatitvamya mukhyaya tattva agrahanat na nip ), antah svargaprthivyoh madhye icyate yat tat (i- dhatoh karmani van ) yadda antah rksani naksatrani yasya tat prsodaraditvat pase hrasvah rkarasya ritvam va | antariksam prakasam tena gamanam yammat udadayanat ityarthah prak svam apatyajatam savasamuham anyaih dvijaih paksibhih | dantaviprandaja dijah ityamarah ) vayaseh posayanti palayanti | dvijairiti sranikartuh karmatvabhavat trtiya | visesena samanya samarthanarupo'rthantaranyasah alankarah | vamsasthavilam vrttam | Change of voice. - asicitapatutva sampasyanti ( lokah ) | parabhrtabhih svamapatyajatam pisyate | bhratmanah svasya hrdayam tena anumanam sambhavanam tena ; yatha svahrdayam kautilyapurna tatha aparasyapi hrdayam manyase | dharmarupe kaluke avarane pravesinah sopadhi

dharmikatva ' prakhyapayatah ataeva trnena cchannah sravrtamukhah ya: kupah tena upama sadrsyam yasya tasya trnairacchaditatvat sthirabhumitvena parijnayamanasya ataeva padena mprastuh patanahetubhutasya kupasya iva dharmeौh vacanaih sratmanah satyasandhatvam prakatayatah kintu bacanacaturyena vimugdhasya hastabhyasam upagatavato nasakaranasya te anukrtim sadrsa- caragam kah kuryyat na ko'pi ityasayah | N. B.-Notice the confusion of metaphor here. It is due to her just indignation. raja| sbakaryyasadhanodyata naridigera idrsa anatya madhumaya bakya dbara bisayigana akrsta haya | gautami | mahasaya erupa balibena na| e'i byakti tapobane bard'dhita, sathataya anabhijna | raja ! tapasabrd'dhe, pasupaksijatiya strigane'o sbabhabika caturyya dekhite pa'oya yaya| yahara bisistabud'dhiyukta tahadera katha ki baliba| kokilera apanaderu sabakagulike urite sikhibara purbbe an'ya paksi ( bayasa ) dbara pratipalana kara'iya laya| sakuntala | [ sakrodhe ] anaryya, apana hrdaya anusare anumana karitecha| tumi dharm'madhbaja, trna.cchadita kupatulya, tomara alukarana ke ara karibe? King-Men addicted to pleasures of the senses are tempted by such honeyed words, full of untruth, of women serving their own ends. Gautami.- O gifted king ! It beseems you not to speak thus .. This person, bred up in the holy wood, is utterly ignorant of guile. King.-Holy matron, untaught ability is seen, in females other than women; not to speak of those that are possessed of reason. The cuckoos get their own young ones reared by other birds before (they are able to) fly into the sky. Sakuntala.-[With anger ]. Dishonourable man, thou judgest by an inference from thy own heart. Who else will follow the track of thee who entering the cloak of virtue resemblest a well covered over with grass? raja | sandigdha samsayam srasritam buddhih yasya tam tadrsam ; nasti kaisava yasmin sah srakaitavah aklavimah | mayi evam vismaranadarunacittavrtti rahahvattam pranayam pratipadyamane pi lohitaksya anaya atirusa kutilayoh bhruvoh bhedat smarasya sarasanam bhagnamiva ||23 ||

30 NOTES-ACT V. 203 mayi eva vismaranena daruna nisthura parusa cittasya vrttiryasya tasmin smrti- bhramsat niskakane, ataeva rahah ekante vrttam pranayam premanam pratipadyamane akhi kurvane sati atilohite atirakta aksino yasyah taya ( bahuvrihau sak ) anaya sakuntalaya atikasa, atikrodhena hetuna kutilayoh vakrayih bhuvah bhedat prthag bhavat smarasya kandarpasya sarasanam dhanuh bhagramitra ityutpreksa | krodhatisayat nrpe'tigambhiro'pi anuragah sranaya muha upecitah iti alankarena vastudhvanih | yaha mayi visaye pratiksa hetuna balohitakhya anaya sarasanam bhagramityanvayah | basantatilakam vrttam | bhrulatayah kandarpasarasanatvam prayenocyate kavibhih, tathaca kumare atha sa lalitayosidrbhrulatacarustangam | gitagovinde srapi | bhrapallavam dhanurapangatarangitani vayah gunah sravanapaliritimmarena | tasyamanangajayajangamadevatayam astrani nirjjitajaganti kimarpitani || mayi eva ityava smrtibhramsavanahameva mrsavadami neyamiti dyotayatyevakarah | Change of voice . - ... atilohitaksi iyam sarasanam bhagnavato | lati bhanakti, lani abhanak, liti vabhanja, luni sramangit srabhankam abhana ksuh | bhanja raja | [ atmagata ] imhara krodha ankutrima baliya bodha ha'iteche ebam amara bud'dhike sandehasrita kariyache| ami'i bismaranahetu nisthuracitta ha'iya gopane sanghatita pranaya asbikara karaya, atikrodhe atilohitangi ini kutila hrdbaya bhinna karata yena kandarpera dhanu bhagna kariya phelilena | King. - [Aside]. Her anger, making me of a wavering mood, seems to be unassumed (genuine ). For, with the state of my mind stern by loss of memory, I having disowned the love privately made, she, with crimson eyes because of extreme anger, has, by the dissevering of the curved eyebrows, snapped asunder, as it were, the bow of Cupid. purohitah | prathitam sarvvava viditam ; na tasmin carite kimapi gopyamasti | sakuntala | musthu ityavyayam bhadramityarthah svasyah kandena srabhiprayena carati ya sa svacchandacarino svairinau | puroh vamsah tasmin pratyayah visvasah ( patyayo'dhauna- sapathajnanavisvasa hetusu ityamarah ) tena hetuna, puruvamsiya na sradharmikah iti visvasavasadityarthah | mukhe madhu yasya tasya mukhamadhih hrdaye sthitam visam yasya tasya payomukhasya visakumbhasyeva pasya hastasya abhyasam samipam prapta | asya vacane krtavisvasa catmanam samarpitavati ityarthah | [patantena vasanancalena srahatya acchadya ] |

sarngaravah | capalasya karma iti capalam avimrsyakaritvam parihatam vyahatam viphalam sata itthamanena prakarena dahati santapayati manorujam janayati ityarthah | uktanca bharavina | sahasa vidadhita na kriyamavivekah paramapadam padam | nrnate hi vimrsyakariyam gunalubdhah svayameva sampadah || ata iti -atah rahah sangatam visesat pariksya kartavyam ; ajnata hrdayesu | hadam evam vairobhavati || 24 || atah asmat karanat capalatayah vipatparinamitvat rahah rahasi rahasripamsu calinga ityamarah nirjane sangatam pranayadikam visesat visesam yatnatisayamityarthah asritya iti lyaklope pancamau pariksya karttavyam | srajnatam vyavaharadinam parijnatam hrdayam yesam tesu lokesu visaye sauhrdam vandhutvam evam anena prakarena vairaubhavati, avairam vairam bhavati iti cih satrutve viparinamati | vaidhammainarthantaranyasah alankarah | Change of voice.- sauhrdena vairibhuyate | raja | avabhavatyam sakuntalayam pratyayah visvasah tammat, sakuntalavaka visvasena kevalena pramanantaramanapeccaiva ityarthah samyutah dosah yesu tani aksarani taih samyutadosacaraih visadigdheh sarairiva sapavadaih vacanaih asman ksitha asmakam yasilumpatha | naitadyuktam pramanantarabhavaditi bhavah | | ci himsayamiti dhatoh svadiganauyat lati madhyamapurusabahuvacanam | lita - citaya, lun sracaisit ktah ksinah sarngaravah | [ anasuya kradhina saha varttamanam iti samyam ] adharam hinam - apakkrstamiti yavat tadrsam uttaram | ; yah ajanmanah savyamasiksitah, tasya janasya vacanam srapramanam ; yaih paratisandhanam vidyeti adhiyate te atavacah santu kila || 25 || yah purusah janmanah arabhya samasasya vibhasitatvat na samasah samasapatne ajanma ityevam syat ; sathyam khalatam ddijihvatvam iti yavat na siksitah nopadistah parena svapravrtya va ; balyadeva arjavapradhanah ityarthah, tasya tadrsasya nanasya vacana apramanam nasti pramanam niscayapratiteh hetuh yasya tat tathoktam avisvasyam | yaih rajabhih dusyantapramukhnairiti bhavah paresam satrunam sranyesamiti dhvanih sratisandhanam pravancanam prataranamiti yavat vidyeti bhadhiyate, yavata yatnena anuragena ca vidya abhyabhyate tavata adhyavasayena adhoyate padhyate, adhigamyate iti yavat, parapravancanaparah sarvatha visvasanarhah, te sraptah pratyayitah visvastah vacah yesam te tathavidhah santu kila iti kakuh | kileti sambhavanayam| sollunthavacanamidam | visese vaktavya -samanyanirdesarupa prastutaprasamsa | vrttamupajatih |

NOTES-ACT V. 205 siksitah ityava vikikat siksadhatoh yantat apradhane karmmani ktah duhadisu bhayamantarbhavati | kvacit prasanyapratisedhananapi samasah isyate iti na siksitah iti asiksitah iti nanasamasah | Change of voice.- ( ko'pi ) yam sathyam asiksitavan ... vacanena pramanena bhuyate | yadda yena ... asiksitena bhuyate | ye adhoyate taih sraptavagbhih bhuyatam | raja | satyavadiniti solluntham | abhyupagatam yattvayodyate tadangikrtam, kim phalamuddisya srasyah pravancanam matkartrka pravrttamiti veditumicchami rajyalabha muddisya rajabhih gavuvimohane nitisastroktam kausalam prayujyate ; asyah prataranena tathavidhah kascit ' labho nasti ; prayojanamanuddisya na mando'pi pravarttate iti nyayat kenapyuddesye nava bhavya m tat khalu kaudrsam sambhavayasi | sanga ravah | asyah prataranena vinipatah dhvamsah labhyate iti vakyasamaptih | raja | sadhurayapravrtteh puruvamsiyaih niravapatahetukam karma svecchayanusthiyate iti vakyam na sraddhatumarham | yat iti sradararthe bhavyayam tatpurvit dadhatih karmmani yat | sradantarorupasargavadrttih | saradatah| uttareneti gamyamanasadhanakriyapeksaya karanalat trtiya | esa bhavatah kanta enam tyaja va grhana va | upapatrahi || 26 || daresu sarvvatomukhi prabhuta " tadityupasamhare " iti raghavabhatta | esa sakuntala bhavatah kanta patni ana aniyanapi samsayo na varttate | enam grhana tyana va, tava visaye sramaduvaktavya nasti ; hi yatah daresu patram visaye prabhuta upayanturiti sesah savrvvatah visaye mukham prasarah yasyah sa sarvatomukhi upapanna, tyage, dane tada़ne va samarthatara na kutrapi vyahanyate iti tatpayyam | samanyena visesa samarthanarupah arthantaranyasah sralankarah | Change of voice. - naya ... kantaya bhuyate ; iyam tyanyatam gtadyatam va sarvvatomukhya prabhutaya upapatraya bhuyate | sakuntala | kitavena dhurttena vipralabdha pratarita | purohita| bhadre dusmantera caritra sarbbajanabisruta, kintu iha (tomara sahita parinaya ) abagata nahi sakuntala| ami yakhana purubanse bisbasabasatah yahara mukhe madhu antare halahala idrsa e'i prabancakera hasta samipe upasthita ha'iyachi, takhana ami ye sbairinirupe pari- ganita ha'iba taha! uttama [ basanancale mukha abrta kariya rodana karite lagilena | sanga raba| sbakrta capalya nisphala ha'ile e'irupe sastapadaraka haya | e'i hetu

bisesa pariksana kariya gopane pranayadi karite haya| ajnatasbabhaba byaktira sahita krta bandhutba satruparinami haya| raja| apanara ki ihara kathaya bisbasa kariya amake erupa sadosa bakya dbara bigar'hita karitechena ? sanga raba| [ sakrodhe ] apanara ihara nica uttara sunilena! ye byakti janma- ha'ite sathataya anabhijna tahara bakya asrad'dheya ; kintu: yamhara para pratarana bidyara - n'yaya abhyasa kariya thakena tamhara'i bisbastabakya| raja| he satyabadin, iha na haya sbikara karilama; kintu ihake pratarita kariya ki labha ? sanga raba| binipata | raja| paurabera binipata prarthana kariya thakena iha! bisbasayogya nahe | saradbata| sanga raba, ara uttarapratyuttare prayojana ki ? gurura ajna pratipalana kariyachi ; eksane pratinibrtta ha'i [ rajara prati ] e'i sakuntala apanara patni ihake grahana karite parena tyaga karite'o parena| patnira upara sbamira sarbbabisayini prabhuta ache | gautami, agrasara ha'o| [ prasthanera udyoga karilena ] | sakuntala| e'i dhurtta amake bancita kariyache, tomara'o ki amake parityaga karitecha ? | pascad‌gamana karite lagilena | | Priest. - Good lady, Dushyanta's actions are well known ; yet I do not find this. Sakuntala.-Well have I been made a harlot, who from confidence in Puru's race, came within the reach of the hands of this person with honey in the mouth but poison in the heart! [Weeps; covering her face with corner of her cloth.] Sangarava. Thus a rash action done by oneself being defeated (of its ends), brings remorse. Therefore, a union in secret should be made after especially looking (before and after). In those whose hearts are unknown, friendship turns into enmity. King.-Do you from trust in this lady charge (or accuse) us with words implicating blame? Sarngarava.-[With anger]. Have you heard his base reply? The words of him who from birth has not been taught deceit and falsehood are without validity, (that is to say unreliable). But let those who study deceit as a branch of learning be (men) of truthful words !

NOTES-ACT V. 207 King.-Veracious man, let it be granted by us ; but what would be gained by deceiving this lady? Sarngarava-Ruin. King. That ruin is sought by the descendants of Puru is not worthy of credence. Saradwata. - Sarngarava, what is the use of altercation ? Our preceptor's commission has been executed. Let us go back. [To the king]. She is your wife, you may accept her or desert her. For, with regard to wife, authority in every respect (absolute) is proper or indisputed. Gautami, go before (us ). [ They go away]. Sakuntala.-1 have been deceived by this perfidious man; why do you too forsake me? [ Follows them]. | gautami | [sthitva ] karunam krapayam yatha tatha paridevate roditi ya ma karuna paridevini dona | pratyadersana nirakaranena parusah nisthurah tasmin | khamina niskaranam nirakrtayah sakuntalayah sravavasthanam nisphalamityarthah | puvasabdadanu- kampayam kan | tatah striyam tapi va sutakaputrakavrndarakanam upasamkhyanamiti - varttikema kat purvvasyatah it pace putraka | bharttari ityatra bhave saptamau | sarngaravah | purobhage dosadarsini, dosaikattak puribhagau ityamarah | svatantra svecchacaritvam | | sarngaravah | citipah yatha vadati tva ' yadi tatha utkulaya tvaya pituh kim ? atha sratmanah vratam suci vetsi, patikule dasyamapi tava ksamam || 27 citim pati racati yah sah ksitipah bhato'nupasarge iti kah | raja dusyantah yatha vadati, neyam maya parisotapurva iti yat vadati tvam yadi tatha tadrsi eva, yadi nrpavacanam satyam ; tarhi utkulaya kulat uccakhita, niradayah krantadyayem pancamya va samasyante iti utkula tatha duyariyya tvaya gamyamanakriyapecaya karanatvat trtiya pituh kanvasya kim ka phalasiddhibhavet ? atha pacantare tva atmanah vratam pativratyalaksanam suci gai pavivamiti yavat vetsi nanami, tarhi patikule patigrhe dasyam dasikam api tava camam yogyam | tistha ityarthah ubhayatha asmadanusaranam na yuktamiti bhavah | talacanam | drutavilambitamaha nabhi bhari | avaiva paricarako drutavilamvitam vrtta Change of voice. -- citipena yatha udyane, tvaya yatha ( bhuyate ) vratam vidyate, • dasyenapi camesa ( bhuyate ) |

sadhayamah gacchamah prayena nyantakah sadhirgameh sthane prayujyate (natakadi ) | raja | vipralabhase pratarayasi, atisandhatse iti yavat sasankah kumuda nyeva vodhayati, savita kamalanyeva vodhayati vasinam chattih paraparigrahasamsca saparana- mukhi | sasah angah cihnaum yasya sa sasankah mrgalanchanah candrama kumudanyeva bodha- yati unmaulayati ; savita suyasca pankajani kamalanyeva vodhayati vikasayati vasinam jitendriyanam vrttih parasya svetarasya parigrahah patni tvasya tena va samslesah samagamah tasmat paranmukhi virata | kumudanyeva ityava evakarah anyayogarudha sambandham varayati, tathaca, "ayogamanyayoganca atyantayogameva ca | vyavacchinati dharmmasya evakarastridhamatah ||38|| kumudanameva vodhanasya pareparigrahasamslesaparana mukhatvena saha aikarupyenava bhasanat atra prativastupamalankarah na drstantalankarah | srayyajatih | Change of voice.-kumudanyeva sasankena vodhyante, savita pankhajanyeva ..... vrttya ... paranmukhya (bhuyate ) | sarngaravah | anyena, padarthantarena, sangat samparkat purvam vrttam vyaparam yada vismrtavanasi tada te adhammat bhaumatvam katham sambhavati ; vismrtivasat darapari tyage'pi dharmah anusthito bhavet iti abhiprayah | raja | gurusca laghusca to gurulaghutayorbhavah gurulaghavam paramanaiskikavat pari manantasyasamjnasanayoriti kathanciduttarapadavrddhih | aham mudhah syam esa va mithya vadet iti samsaye daratyagi bhavami, bahi parastrisparsa pamsulah || 28 ' | aham mudha़h smrtibhramsavan syam bhaveyam iyam sakuntala satyam vadati vismrtivasan naham tadavadharayami ; athava esa sakuntala mithya vadet, mam pratarayitum anrtam badati ( ubhayava sambhavanayam lina ) iti samsaye sandehe prapte, kimaham asyah parityagena daran tyajati vah sah daratyagi (tyaje visnan ) ahi athava parastrih sparsena pascilah dosasprstah patako bhavami | anayoh katarah pacah sreyan ? Change of voice.-mudhena maya bhuyeta, etaya mithya udyeta iti samsaye daratyagina ahi parastrisparsapamsulena bhuyate | raja | anusastu upadisatu | purohitah| sadhubhih siddhapurusaih uddistah niveditah vijnapitah iti yavat | muneh kanvasya duhituh sakuntalayah apatyam puman iti munaudauhivah sakuntaleyah | cakre nrpamandale varttate utkarsena tisthati yah sa cakravarti tasya cakravarttinah lacanaih

- ti E: dha va- da tam T: 7. ye NOTES-ACT v. 209 dhvajavajamkusadicitrah upapatrah yuktah iti tallacanopapannah | suddhantam srantahpuram nesyasi | vipayyeye vaiparitye, jatasya valakasya cakravarttilaksanabhave pituh kanvasya samipanayanam asrame preranam avasthitam, sthiram niscitameveti yavat | raja | gurubhyah iti gaurave bahuvacanam ; rucyarthanam priyamana iti caturthi | sakuntala | vasuni ratnani dhante ya sa vasudha dadhateh srato'nupasarge iti kah striyam tap ; vivaram srantaram sthanamityarthah | upakrosamalinam nivitam dharayanti dharaniprsthe avasthatum na saknomi ityarthah | raja | [ sapena duvrvasasah abhisampatena vyavahita vyahatasaktih vilupta ityarthah smrtih yasya tathavidhah sapavyavahitasmrtih | ] gautami | [ damra'iya ] batsa sanga raba, ati karunabhabe kradana karite karite sakuntala amadigera anusarana kariteche| sbami nisthura ha'iya pratyakhyana kariyachena esthane thakiya batsa ki karibe ? sa'iraba | [ krodhera sahita pratinibrtta ha'iya ] duste, sbecchacaritba abalambana karitecha ? sakuntala | [ bhita ha'iya kampite lagilena ] | sanga raba | nrpati yerupa balitechena tumi yadi satya'i se'irupa ha'o, taha ha'ile 'kula ha'ite niska sti tomake la'iya| tomara pitara ki ha'ibe? kintu yadi tomara patibratabrata pabitra baliya jana taha ha'ile patigrhe dasitba'o tomara sreyah | e'i sthane thaka, amara gamana kari | raja! | he tapasbin ihake kena pratarita karitechena? sasanka kumudake'i kebala bikasita karena, suryya pankajake'i kebala unmilita karena; jitendriyaganera prabrtti parastrisparse paranmukha | sanga raba | yakhana apani an'yasansarge purbbabrttanta bismrta ha'iyachena, takhana kirupe adharm'mabhirutba haya ? raja| aapanake e bisaye gurulaghaba jijnasa kari| hayata ami samasta bisaya bismrta ha'iyachi, athaba e'i striloka mithya baliteche erupa sandehasthale, ami patnityagi ha'iba, athaba parastrisparse pataki ha'iba ? purohita| [ bicara kariya ] e'irupa karuna | raja| adesa karuna | purohita| ini prasabakala paryyasta amara grhe abasthana karuna, kena erupa balitechi yadi jijnasa karena, (tahara uttara e'i ye) sadhugana baliyachena apanara prathama putra cakrabarttilaksananbita ha'ibena| yadi munira dauhitra uktalaksanayukta hana, taha ha'ile ihake sambard'dhana kariya antahpure prabista kara'ibena; baiparitya ghatile imhake pitara nikata patha'iya de'oya sthira thakila | 14

raja| apanara yaha abhiruci | purohita| batse amara anusarana kara | sakuntala bhagabati basud'dhare, amake sthana dena| [ rodana karite karite prasthana karilena-purohita'o tapasbiganera sahita niskranta ha'ilena ]| raja | [ sapaprabhabe biluptasmrti ha'iya sakuntalara bisaya'i citta karite lagilena ] | Gautami. [Stopping]. My child Sarngarava, Sakuntala follows us, weeping piteously; what will my daughter do (here), her husband having become cruel by disowning (her)? Sarngarava. Turning angrily]. Self-willed woman, do you proceed at will? Sakuntala. [Being frightened, trembles]. Sarngarava.-Sakuntala, if you are really what the king proclaims (you to be), what will your father do with you fallen as you are from the family? But if you know your vow to be stainless, even the office of a slave in your husband's house is for your good. Stay (here). We will depart. King.-O hermit, why do you deceive the lady? The moon unfolds the water-lily alone; and the sun only the lotus. The course of conduct of men of self-control is averse to coming in contact with another's wife. Sarngarava. When you have forgotten previous occurrences, by reason of engagement in other things, how can you be fearful of the sin (of losing your character)? King.-I ask you in this matter the relative value or importance (of evils). The doubt being that either I may have lost my memory, or she may lie, shall I be the disowner of a lawful wife, or be polluted by the touch of another's wife? Pr est.-[Deliberating]. If (this be the case), be pleased to do thus. King. Let your holiness counsel me. Priest-Let this lady stay in our house till delivery. If (it be asked, "why say so", (the reply is) that saints have told of you that you will beget first a child who will be a paramount ruler. If

5 y r d O e If NOTES-ACT v. 211 the son of the hermit's daughter be possessed of the signs of such a one, you would admit her into the harem, after having welcomed her; but on the contrariety of the case, sending her back to her father is settled. King.-As it pleases (my) superiors. Priest.-Follow me, my child. Sakuntala.-Holy mother Earth, give me shelter (by making an opening). [ Exit weeping with the priest and the hermits]. King.-[With his recollection obstructed by the curse, revolves matters touching Sakuntala]. purohitah | sa vala svani bhagyani nindantau vahatksepam kranditum pravrtta ca, strisamsthanam ekam jyotih enam utcipya srarat asarastirtham jagama ca || 30 || sa vala sakuntala khani bhagyani distam nidantau aho vat kidrsam papa- macaritam pura yasyayam vipakah ityam vilapanti va utksipya madhanca viksipya kranditu uccairaratitum pravrtta, striya nayah iva samsthanam prakrtih yasya tat stri- samsthanam lalanakaram jyotih enam sakuntalam barat durat utcipya uttilya asara- stirtham tadakhyam jalavataravisesam, ( yava sadhujanasya abhisekakalam yavat asarah- sannidhya bhavati ) jagama tadabhimukham prayat | caddayam avilambadyotanaya | kriyayoh samuccitatvat samuccayalankarah salinivrttam mattigaucet salini vedalokaih | vahutksepam -vahna utcipya iti vakye "pariklisyamane ca " iti namul | Any root may take the suffix c, if it has for its accusative namula, case a member of the body of a being in the state of undergoing any pain or torture. | Change of voice. - tatha valaya nidantya ... pravrttam | svisamsthanena | jyotisa ekena asa rastirthe jagma | raja | pratyadistah pratyakhyatah tatkrte tarkah nisphalah | raja | pratyadistam muneh tanayam parigraham na smarami kamam ; kintu valavat duyamanam hrdayam mam pratyayayativa || 31 || pratyadistam nirakrtam muneh kanvasya kanyam parigraham pabom yadasau maya purva parinita tata na smarami, srakamenapi tanmayanumantavya satyamityarthah srakamanumati kamam kintu valavat srartham duyamanam tapyamanam hrdayam mam pratyayamatosa, smarayati, bodhayativa ityutpreksa |

pratipurvat inadhatoh nici letirupam | pratyayayati " yogamirabodhane " iti na gamasa ai: | When the root iu has not the sense of "convincing" or "to cause to understand", it assumes the form of ga gam in the causative form. Here it means "to convince," hence not gamaya | duyamanam divadiganiyat dudhatorakarmakat karttari sanac | ; li ; lu davita ; : na | Change of voice. - yadita ... naya pariyahah na ma | hrdayena aham pratyayye | nepathye ascaryya | - i िpacamah h | raja | [ srabana kariya ] ( ascaryya ) ki ha'ite pare ? duyamanena purohita | [ prabesa kariya bismayera sahita ] deba, ati adbhuta byapara ghatila raja| kirupa ? purohita | kanbasisyagana pratigamana karile se'i balika sbiya adrstera dosa diya bacha achara'iya rodana karite lagila- raja| ara ki ? purohita| strilokera n'yaya akrtibisista ekati jyotih ihake tuliya la'iya aparattirthera dike gamana karila | sakale [ ascaryyanbita ha'ila ] | raja | bhagaban , se bisaya amara purbbe'i tyaga kariyachi se jan'ya brtha tarke prayojana ki? apani bisrama karuna | purohita | apanara jaya ha'uka [ niskranta ] | raja| betrabati, ami paryyakula ha'iyachi, sayana grhera patha pradarsana kara | pratihari| deba, edike asuna | [ gamana karite lagila ] | raja| nirakrta munitanaya amara patni iha smarana karite paritechi na satya ; kintu atyanta utkanthita e'i hrdaya yena amara pratiti utpadana kariteche | [ sakale niskranta ]| A miracle ! pancama anka samapta | Behind the Scenes. King. -[Listening ]. What may it be? Priest. - [Entering, with astonishment]. My liege, something extraordinary has happened.

NOTES-ACT VI. 213 King. - What ? Priest. As the disciples of Kanwa departed, that girl blaming her own luck, began to cry, throwing (convulsively) her arms. King.-What then ? Priest. Just then a light, having the form of a woman, lifting her up from a distance went towards the Apsarastirtha. All. - [ Act the part of being astonished]. King. - Reverend Sir, we have already given the matter upWhy seek it with fruitless conjectures? Please rest yourself. Priest.-May you be victorious ! [Exit]. King.- Vetravati, I am perturbed ( and tired ). Show the way to the bed-chamber. Warder.-This way, my liege, this way. [ She goes away]. King. True that I do not remember the daughter of the hermit, disowned (by me), to be my wife; but my heart, extremely agitated as it is, convinces me, as it were. End of the fifth Act.