Merkitys: Tietoa

Buddhalainen käsite 'Tietoa'

In Buddhism, knowledge is a central theme, emphasizing its acquisition and role in contextualizing lives ^[1]. In Tibetan Buddhism, knowledge stems from the Veda, shaped by individual contributions ^[2]. It also refers to understanding related to inner potential, achieved through mental exercise ^[3].

Mahayana highlights knowledge as arising from liberation from impurities ^[4]. It is a dharma characterized by wisdom ^[5] and an attribute guiding bodhisattvas ^[6].

It contradicts ignorance and aids in discerning reality ^[7]. This understanding guided the Buddha's actions, leading to conversions ^[8]. Arhats and followers derive profound insight from the Buddha's teachings ^[9]. Knowledge is gained through study, reflection, and practice, with the Buddha's knowledge being complete ^[10]. Jnana is defined as the realization leading to discernment regarding deliverance ^[11].

It also means understanding the true nature of phenomena ^[12]. Beings must strive for this understanding to avoid hellish fates ^[13]. Knowledge involves understanding personality, consciousness, and their relationship with other elements ^[14]. Key elements include special, supernormal knowledge, and skillful means, understanding intentions ^[15].

Theravada emphasizes useful information from good books and wise individuals for a good mind ^[16]. Sakka highlights wisdom over material gains ^[17]. Wisdom or understanding of the Dhamma is essential for liberation ^[18].

Hindu käsite 'Tietoa'

In Hinduism, "Tieto" encompasses a wide range of understanding and awareness, playing a crucial role across various schools of thought and practices. In the context of Hinduism, "Tieto" signifies the understanding required to properly conduct rituals and attain spiritual states, underscoring the importance of wisdom in achieving connection with the divine ^[19]. In Vaishnavism, it is the understanding or awareness that leads to enlightenment, posited as a foundational element for achieving liberation ^[20].

Vaishnavism also regards this as information, understanding, or skill acquired through experience or education ^[21]. However, in Vaishnavism, this is also considered detrimental because it weakens one\u2019s disposition for devotion, and it is something that should be abandoned by those who practice devotional service to the Lord, according to the text ^[22]. It can be a state of awareness and understanding, particularly in the context of spiritual or transcendental matters ^[23].

In Puranas, it is considered the best of all possessions, highlighting its value over material wealth ^[24]. It is also the sacred understanding that is passed from preceptor to preceptor, culminating in a higher spiritual attainment ^[25]. It is a pivotal theme in the text representing the power to transcend suffering and understanding, which aids the king in overcoming grief .

In Yoga, the residua of knowledge are described as the potencies of higher desirelessness, living on until the duty of the mind is fulfilled ^[26]. This can also be awareness or understanding of a subject, which, along with verbal expression, follows imagination in sequence ^[27].

Ayurveda describes this as knowing or becoming acquainted with anything, also including the higher knowledge derived from meditation on the one Universal Spirit ^[28]. In Jyotisha, this represents learning, encompassing the acquisition and understanding of information, facts, and skills through study and experience ^[29].

In Vedanta, it is the awareness and understanding that allows the soul to navigate its path after death, independent of the circumstances of passing ^[30]. The text suggests that an individual desiring understanding must be calm and have control over their senses, and it can be pursued through various means like sacrifices ^[31]. In Vedanta, this is the understanding of Brahman, and it is independent of works and is the goal of the wandering mendicant ^[32].

Knowledge is presented as having the same effect as works like the Agnihotra, and works can contribute to it, potentially leading to final release when combined ^[33]. This is the understanding of the attributeless Brahman, which is achieved by removing the illusion ^[34]. The understanding that allows individuals to live longer by acknowledging their identity with the sacrifice ^[35]. It is what removes difference, especially the knowledge of the oneness of the jiva with Brahman, according to the text ^[36].

In Dharmashastra, this refers to the understanding or awareness that forms the basis of human reasoning regarding the origins and functions of the Vedas ^[37]. It is identified as 'moksha' in the text, referring to spiritual awareness and understanding that contributes to the journey towards Liberation ^[38]. In Vaisheshika, knowledge denotes the awareness or understanding that counters Ignorance, and its manifestation is pivotal for liberation in philosophical discourse ^[39].

Jainisti käsite 'Tietoa'

In Jainism, *tieto* (knowledge) is a jewel, the Blessed One's treasury ^[40], representing understanding from experience or education ^[41]. Aerial beings also possess awareness ^[42].

Profound self-world understanding guides others to enlightenment ^[43]. Spiritual seekers need understanding of what truly matters ^[44]. Yogadrishti links understanding with right faith .

Acquiring, practicing, and remembering *tieto* with reverence leads to freedom ^[45]. It's an inherent, non-deluded soul trait ^[46]. Knowledge-obscuring karma hinders its attainment ^[47].

Tietoa käsite paikallisissa ja alueellisissa lähteissä

In the history of India, fractional thinking is linked to trained intellects found in science and mathematics ^[48]. The text emphasizes engaging in mental pursuits, likened to building Jerusalem, urging Christians to participate openly ^[49]. The understanding, in its attempt to grasp concepts, is subject to change and eventual abandonment of prior notions ^[50].

It is crucial to meet others on an equal level, avoiding feelings of superiority, which highlights the importance of humility ^[51]. An understanding that surpasses comfort and power reveals the beauty of existence ^[52]. The path to this understanding is suggested to be through a prominent trait of the American people ^[53]. The extremes of knowledge bear a striking resemblance to each other, though one is a lower state, a manufactured combination rather than reality ^[54]. Knowledge is portrayed as infinite, dwarfing the knowable and the universe itself before the Purusha ^[55].

The attainment of knowledge of Atman is described as the highest aim of all disciplines ^[56]. This knowledge is integral to the trinity of liberation ^[57]. The light within the state of manifestation, though divisible into forms, remains a lower state ^[58]. According to the text, knowledge alone is the key to perfection ^[59]. This knowledge is as infinite as God, always present, and discovered rather than created ^[60]. Knowledge empowers one to transcend the material world ^[61].

True knowledge equates to the knowledge of freedom, while all else is ignorance, serving as the ultimate goal of nature ^[62]. Knowledge is a fundamental aspect of one's true nature, alongside bliss and being, as part of the Infinite Existence ^[63]. This is without experience, requiring one to see God within their own soul, surpassing sensory knowledge ^[64]. It is also an aspect of the divine, crucial for achieving bliss and understanding the Father and Holy Spirit, ultimately leading to spiritual fulfillment ^[65].

This represents awareness and understanding, fundamental to true nature, achieved through insight and experience ^[66]. Pigeon-holing experience with existing knowledge proves the necessity of a pre-existing foundation ^[67]. The understanding of the Self was considered by some as the only path to Moksha, liberation ^[68]. A core element of the sender's philosophy, representing the ultimate goal, distinct from emotions ^[69]. Knowledge, derived from the Vedas, quenches worldly thirst ^[70]. Shankara posits that knowledge is not bondage but the intrinsic nature of God ^[71].

Knowledge is essential, and worshipping a Sadhu leads to knowledge and devotion, vital for spiritual growth ^[72]. It is also one of the four paths in Vedanta, blending with work, love, and psychology ^[73]. The thirst for knowledge is a fundamental law, granting desires through continuous effort ^[74]. Knowledge is not the ultimate goal, but a compound of power and freedom, with freedom being the desirable aspect ^[75]. This is transmitted in the gurukula setting from a vaidya-guru to students in central Kerala ^[76]. Knowledge is an attribute, and the lowest measure of knowledge is possessed by a non-developable vegetable kingdom ^[77].

Tietoa käsite tieteellisissä lähteissä

In science, knowledge is the result of knowing, which occurs after people perceive a particular object, often obtained through senses like sight and hearing ^[78]. It is also an influencing factor on compliance with iron supplementation, with adolescent girls in Sidoarjo showing generally poor knowledge about anemia but good knowledge about iron supplements ^[79].

In psychiatry, knowledge indicates the awareness and understanding possessed by individuals, specifically physiotherapists, concerning mental health and related topics ^[80]. The study aimed to describe the perception and knowledge of clozapine among patients prescribed the medication ^[81]. The information and understanding gained through study, the study aimed to assess the students' knowledge and skills related to psychiatry ^[82].

In health sciences, knowledge is one of the key areas examined in studies, assessing the understanding of medical students about the SARS virus and the impact it had ^[83]. Knowledge is one of the components researchers wanted to determine the knowledge of the students on smoking ^[84]. Knowledge is information acquired or gained, and surveys on knowledge, attitude, and practice are used to assess the understanding of tuberculosis among populations ^[85]. It represents the level of understanding that individuals possess regarding tuberculosis, including its causes, symptoms, and methods of prevention, as assessed in the study ^[86]. Knowledge is a factor that plays an important role in mammography screening, as the study showed a significant factor for staff uptake ^[87]. It refers to the factual understanding of medical students regarding a particular disease, assessed through questionnaires to determine their grasp of the subject matter during the crisis ^[88]. It is a student's awareness, understanding, and familiarity of facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education, particularly related to HIV\/AIDS ^[89]. It is one of the factors that influences children’s dietary practices, measured in the study to assess children's relationship with fruits and vegetables ^[90]. It refers to the awareness and understanding of cancer pain management, morphine, and related aspects, which is assessed among doctors in the study ^[91]. It is a common term that is used to describe the understanding or awareness that people have about HIV\/AIDS, including the transmission, prevention, and associated behaviors ^[92]. It refers to the information that patients have about their condition, treatments, and the care they should take for their feet, which is essential for their health ^[93]. Knowledge refers to the understanding of blood donors regarding blood safety, transfusion-transmitted diseases, and the criteria for blood donation, which is assessed through questionnaires and categorized as good or poor ^[94]. It represents the facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education that a person possesses ^[95]. It is one of the key components of the questionnaire, specifically concerning the understanding of colorectal cancer, its causes, and its symptoms ^[96]. It is acquired by students, encompassing statistical methods, research design, and epidemiology, enabling them to work effectively in the field ^[97]. It is the understanding and awareness acquired through experience or education, and plays a role in antibiotic use ^[98]. The information and understanding of a subject, increased in the HBM group after receiving the educational intervention ^[99]. It refers to the understanding or awareness that mothers possess regarding breastfeeding, encompassing various aspects like the benefits, techniques, and potential challenges associated with it ^[100]. Knowledge is a part of the future hospital, including knowledge and skills management, competency building, and a knowledge-sharing ecosystem, and a competent staff has knowledge and mastery ^[101]. A factor that influences behavior, including lifestyle and eating habits, which can affect the occurrence of anemia ^[102]. The level of understanding healthcare workers possessed regarding the HIV index testing strategy, assessed through specific questions and categorized as poor, average, or good ^[103]. Knowledge about lung cancer, its screening, signs, symptoms, and risk factors has been investigated among undergraduate students, college teachers, secondary school male teachers, and adults in South Africa ^[104]. It is the understanding or awareness of a subject, and the study aimed to determine the knowledge related to HIVST among students ^[105]. One of the key aspects assessed in the study, which measured the participants' understanding of the disease, its symptoms, prevention, and control measures, and was considered good for a response score ≥ 75% ^[106]. It is awareness and understanding of malaria, its causes, symptoms, prevention, and the proper use of insecticide-treated bed nets ^[107].

Knowledge of these factors is crucial to guide the actors of TB care and TB prevention actions to overcome this scourge, and the study aimed to identify these factors ^[108]. It is something that home-based caregivers should have about HIV\/AIDS, but it was found that there was still a lack of it on isolated issues such as AIDS definitions and signs, indicating training deficits, which should be addressed through refresher courses and workshops ^[109]. Facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education ^[110]. Knowledge of parents about disease and immunisation is investigated in this study to see if it affects immunisation rates and outcomes for children ^[111]. Knowledge, particularly regarding danger signs, is a significant factor in this study, as it influences a pregnant woman's ability to identify potential risks and take appropriate actions for her health ^[112]. Knowledge represents the understanding and awareness of drugs and their effects, which is crucial for safe self-medication practices and avoiding potential medication errors ^[113]. Interactions with visiting doctors serve as an important source of knowledge for nurses, enhancing their understanding and reducing unnecessary referrals ^[114]. It refers to the understanding that caregivers have about oral rehydration therapy, which impacts their willingness to use it ^[115]. The understanding and awareness that women have about contraception, which is affected by the information they receive and influences their choices about the method ^[116]. The text indicates that a lack of knowledge is a challenge associated with accessing ANC services, and some participants acknowledged that one of the benefits of ANC attendance was to obtain more knowledge and health education ^[117]. It refers to the facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education, and the lack of knowledge among doctors regarding analgesia was a focus of the study ^[118]. It is something that professionals depend on, along with other indicators such as prejudice, outcomes, fads, and advice from colleagues, according to the text ^[119].

It refers to the facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education, and the text examines healthcare professionals' knowledge of termination of pregnancy services ^[120]. The understanding or awareness of the Millennium Development Goals, which was assessed in the study to determine how well medical students were informed about these goals and their importance in South Africa ^[121]. It is the information and understanding that doctors possess, and the text mentions that the telephonic system provides access to knowledge ^[122]. It is a component of the study, with the majority of HCPs reporting a lack of confidence in discussing CAM therapies due to their lack of this, which was confirmed through the study ^[123]. It refers to the understanding that patients have about their medications, and a lack of it can influence adherence ^[124]. The level of this regarding high blood pressure among participants was assessed, especially in grassroots communities, to determine if they understood the condition ^[125]. It refers to the understanding that caregivers have regarding oral rehydration therapy, including how to prepare and when to administer it to children with diarrhea ^[126]. It refers to the information and understanding that people have about vaccines ^[127]. Information that parents of children with ADHD have about their children's condition, and may be lacking in some areas ^[128]. It refers to understanding about a disease, and the study tested the knowledge of hypertension in the patients ^[129]. The understanding of exercise as a treatment method, which was found to be inadequate among nurses, leading to the need for more information and training ^[130]. The understanding and awareness of patients regarding their disease process, risk factors, and management strategies, which is a key element in the research ^[131]. Being knowledgeable about health issues could facilitate shared decision-making, and health education supports the patient’s thought processes and decision-making, which is important ^[132]. It refers to the participants' understanding and comprehension of palliative care, as assessed through the questionnaire, and categorized into sufficient, insufficient, or lack of understanding ^[133]. This term refers to the comprehension of a subject matter, representing one of the key areas examined in the research concerning the health promotion practices ^[134]. It refers to the understanding and awareness of facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education, which is essential for effective physiotherapy treatment ^[135].

It refers to the understanding of the transmission and prevention of diseases, which the study aimed to evaluate among physiotherapists to ensure adequate protection ^[136]. It is the understanding of facts, and the study assessed the workers' knowledge of back care ^[137]. The text emphasizes the importance of applying this intelligently in treatment, especially for patients with poliomyelitis, underscoring the need for expertise ^[138]. It refers to the understanding of facts or information, and the study assessed the knowledge of PMTCT interventions among both clients and healthcare workers, and the findings indicated that there were important deficiencies in the knowledge of PMTCT interventions ^[139]. The subject has always been committed to imparting his knowledge through lectures, guidelines and one-on-one teaching in his clinic, and many practitioners have benefited ^[140]. It refers to the understanding of HIV and PMTCT, and lack of knowledge is one of the obstacles to the successful implementation of PMTCT programmes ^[141]. The level of awareness and understanding that street children have regarding condoms, their use, and their importance in preventing STIs and HIV\/AIDS, is a focus ^[142]. This word refers to the awareness and understanding that participants, particularly female sex workers, possess regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and the study assesses the level of their knowledge about the medication and its use as a means of preventing HIV infection ^[143]. It is a core concept that is deeply embedded in people's experiences, and it cannot be stored or captured digitally ^[144]. Knowledge is the understanding of a subject, and knowledge regarding M. bovis infection is generally minimal in traditional settings ^[145]. The level of awareness among participants regarding the cause, mode of transmission, symptoms, and cure of schistosomiasis, which was assessed to understand the community's understanding of the disease ^[146].

Knowledge and skills are important for patient care optimization, and there is a high likelihood of underdiagnosing, misdiagnosing and poor management of diseases with limited knowledge of it ^[147]. It is one of the keywords used in the study to determine the understanding of mothers about the causes, prevention, and treatment options for diarrhea in children under five years of age ^[148]. It refers to the understanding of eligibility criteria, insertion skills, and other aspects of long-acting reversible contraception, which was evaluated in the study ^[149]. The understanding of the subject matter ^[150]. This term refers to the understanding of risk factors of the diseases, which along with attitudes, and the availability and utilization of screening services in Lesotho, are crucial in the fight against these cancers ^[151]. An understanding of lower limb amputation and its prevention, including lifestyle modifications, foot care, and examination, which is crucial for self-management and reducing complications ^[152]. The facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education, which was considered an important factor in determining the doctors' willingness to manage public-sector HIV\/AIDS patients ^[153]. The understanding of hypertension, which is a factor in the control of the disease, although the correlation between knowledge and control is not always consistent ^[154]. Knowledge was gained through the learning process, and community health workers valued the learning process for their improved knowledge, which in turn gave them more confidence and competence, and they felt empowered by the learning ^[155]. Knowledge about TB is crucial, as limited understanding results in delays in seeking care and increases the risk of TB transmission, as highlighted in the study ^[156]. It is the understanding of facts or information, and increasing knowledge about HIV is a key part of the intervention to reduce stigma and improve care ^[157]. This term refers to understanding of a subject, and the text mentions a study on knowledge of HIV, sexual behavior and correlates of risky sex among street children in Kinshasa ^[158].

The findings of this qualitative study illustrate how the experiences of health care providers during the simulated exercise helped change the nature of their relationships with their patients and highlighted the effect of simulation as a translation strategy ^[159]. This deficit was a weakness, and advocating for the allocation of one advanced midwife to each PHC facility was thought of as this will assist with in-house in-service training of midwives ^[160]. The study examined the understanding of HIV, and how this affects the willingness to disclose the results of the test ^[161]. It is the information and understanding required to perform medical tasks, and is combined with skills ^[162]. It is the understanding gained through experience or education, and the ability to change perceptions of staff members and inspire them to use this will be influenced by the trainer ^[163]. Information acquired from school forms the basis of this that a person can build up from, and it is usually the one that prunes an individual ^[164].

In environmental sciences, having good knowledge and a highly positive attitude score alone is not sufficient to translate into positive behavioral practice ^[165].