Merkitys: Sairaus

Buddhalainen käsite 'Sairaus'

Mahajanassa tauti symboloi elämän kiertokulkuun kuuluvaa kärsimystä ^[1].

Theravadan mukaan tauti on yksi niistä kivuista, joille ruumis altistuu ja se liittyy viiden kokemuksen kärsimykseen ^[2]. Ahneutta kuvataan metaforisesti taudiksi, korostaen sen pelottavaa luonnetta ja toivottomuutta ^[3].

Taudit vaivaavat eläviä olentoja aiheuttaen kärsimystä läpi elämän ^[4]. Yleisiä vaivoja, joista diabetes on poikkeuksellisen korkea tauti ^[5]. Tauti on paha seuraus, joka liittyy huonojen tekojen kielteisiin tuloksiin ^[6]. Aggregaattien vertauskuvallinen vertailu osoittaa, kuinka ne vaativat jatkuvaa hallintaa ja aiheuttavat kärsimystä ^[7].

Hindu käsite 'Sairaus'

In Hinduism, the concept of "Tauti" or disease is viewed from various perspectives. In sacrificial rites, a condition affecting the sacrificial horse requires additional offerings ^[8]. Arthashastra mentions health afflictions of horses needing veterinary care and dietary changes ^[9], and also mentions health afflictions inflicted through intentional acts using specific mixtures ^[10].

Vaishnavism speaks of a realm devoid of illness, a place of delight and satisfaction ^[11]. Health afflictions are stated to be nonexistent where the Syamantaka jewel is honored ^[12], and the speaker seeks protection from health issues ^[13].

Puranas describe illnesses resulting from Death's actions, linked to her tears ^[14]. King Harishcandra's ailment prompted a sacrifice ^[15], and disease is a negative outcome for those wearing condemnable gems ^[16]. Vadala experienced pulmonary consumption due to a curse , while negative traits begotten by Adharma cause suffering and mortality ^[17]. Chanting specific mantras can address physical conditions .

In Kavya, illness is addressed with a practice involving writing Qur'anic passages on a bowl ^[18], and it is used metaphorically to describe the threat posed by Cirajivin ^[19]. Yoga views it as physical or mental ailments freed through meditation ^[20], disturbance of the equilibrium of humours, chyle, and the organs of the body ^[21], and sickness resulting from disordered humours distracting from meditation ^[22].

Ayurveda extensively discusses disease. It includes maladies from Vayu derangement ^[23], ailments from excessive impletion and depletion ^[24], and harmful deviations from the normal structural or functional state ^[25]. Proper diet and lifestyle prevent illness, while disharmony in Doshas causes it ^[26]. Illness arises when Tridoshas are not in harmony ^[27]. Hashimoto Thyroiditis is addressed with treatments to arrest its progress ^[28]. It is a condition affecting the body, and is described by Hetu, Linga, and Aushadha ^[29]. Pandu Roga is named after Varna ^[30], and Krimidanta is neglected until irreversible ^[31]. It impairs normal functioning, a concern in old age ^[32]. Colorectal carcinoma can be detected early ^[33]. The concept of Anukta Vyadhi is used to understand disease, with diagnosis and treatment methods explained ^[34]. Ayurvedic classics contain all crucial health information ^[35]. It impairs normal function, often with discomfort in older individuals ^[36]. It will not occur if the body's power to fight is great ^[37]. Understanding the disease's nature aids in treatment planning ^[38]. Illnesses are caused by wrong foods and irregular diet ^[39]. Shatkriyakala aids understanding through stages for early diagnosis ^[40]. Physicians should diagnose, select medicine, and administer therapy ^[41]. Sterilization prevents the growth and spread of disease ^[42]. Suffering is caused by past or present Karmas ^[43]. Proper sleep prevents disease, and improper sleep causes it ^[44]. Hypothyroidism is an Anukta Vyadhi ^[45]. Deviation from normal health results from imbalances ^[46]. Symptoms, causes, and treatments are described ^[47]. Oja provides resistance against disease ^[48]. Ayurveda identifies six stages, with visible symptoms in the last two ^[49]. Vitiation of Kapha can cause disease ^[50]. Hair loss is a subject of treatment ^[51]. Modern science only controls attacks ^[52]. Preserving fenugreek diversity helps develop resilient varieties ^[53]. Altered dietary habits may cause disease ^[54]. It can be prevented and managed by adopting pathya ^[55]. It impairs normal function, influenced by physical and psychological factors ^[56].

Jyotisha associates disease with conflict, relating to planetary configurations and the sixth house ^[57]. The sixth house concerns health, describing conditions impairing normal function ^[58]. Dharmashastra refers to physical ailments, preferring disease-free girls for marriage ^[59], and mentions illness in the context of healing through remnants ^[60].

Rasashastra uses gold-coloured liquid to treat ailments ^[61]. Poisons can prevent and cure diseases ^[62]. Unsuitable meal timing can cause ailments ^[63]. Medicines are designed to treat health problems ^[64], and various health issues can be treated by medicine ^[65].

Jainisti käsite 'Sairaus'

In Jainism, "Tauti" (illness) represents afflictions that saints may face during their spiritual journey ^[66]. These health issues impact the body and should not be spoken of derogatorily ^[67].

Illness is also seen as a condition of ill health, a categorized affliction to be combatted by calmly reflecting ^[68]. It is a bodily condition ^[69].

Sairaus käsite paikallisissa ja alueellisissa lähteissä

Intian historiassa tauti on määritelty pelkoa aiheuttavaksi ja ihmisiä kaupungista pakoon ajavaksi kehon epäterveeksi tilaksi ^[70]. Lisäksi tauti voi viitata tilaan, jossa jumalalla on rooli kärsimyksen aiheuttamisessa ^[71].

Sapen, liman ja tuulen aiheuttamia tauteja käsitellään vuodenaikojen rauhoittamisen yhteydessä, mikä viittaa vuodenaikojen ja terveyden väliseen yhteyteen ^[72]. BhM 18.2 mukaan taudit voivat johtua kehon nesteiden epätasapainosta ja niiden lisääntymisestä, yhdistymisestä tai kolligaatiosta ^[73]. Philolausin mukaan taudit syntyvät sapesta, verestä ja limasta sekä ruoan jäämistä ja välttämättömistä elementeistä ^[74]. Patanjalayogashastran mukaan tauti voidaan määritellä kehon ainesosien epätasapainoksi ^[75].

Sairaus käsite tieteellisissä lähteissä

Endoplasmic reticulum stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases ^[76]. Diseases related to iron include cancer, ischemia, Parkinson's disease, and rheumatoid arthritis ^[77]. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway and its inhibitors are being studied for their roles in various conditions ^[78].

Conditions affecting normal body function have been identified as potentially linked to Metformin-Magnevist interaction ^[79]. Disease is associated with IL-6 and can be chronic, involving the immune system and ascorbic acid ^[80].

Health conditions may be linked to interactions between drugs and other substances ^[81]. The interaction of drugs can affect various diseases, as studied through tools like ChemDIS-Mixture ^[82].

Superoxide dismutases play roles in redox signaling, vascular function, and various diseases ^[83]. An abnormal condition affecting an organism can be influenced by signals from the gut microbiota ^[84]. A condition that impairs the normal functioning of the body, against which antioxidants may offer protection ^[85].