India history and geography

Source: Mandala Texts: Zi: A Precious Ornamental Stone

Zi (གཟི་) is the name of a precious ornamental stone.—The zi stone is a well known and highly regarded ornamental stone in Bhutan, Tibet and other parts of the Himalayas. As indicated by the term zi (གཟི་), which means esteem, prestige and brilliance when used in common words such as zijid (གཟི་བརྗིད་) or aura and zidang (གཟི་མདངས་) or splendour, the zi stones are said to enhance the esteem, health, life and fortune of the person who wears it. Due to the sacred power which is attributed to the stone, zi is a sought after items and used as a jewelry, cultural artefact for rituals and also in medicine.

Zi stones (according to scholars and researchers) are etched agate beads. Etched agate beads are found in the region from as early as the Indus valley civilization. Researchers provide an early (2700-1800BC), middle (550BC-200AD) and late (2nd to 7th century AD) periods when these etched beads were manufactured. While the technique of etching agate and carnelian did not fully die out, the techniques of etching the zi beads most likely gradually declined and died out. Tibetan scholars speculate that the technique of zi making, which was associated more strongly with the Bon religion, perhaps got neglected after Buddhism became the new faith of the Tibetan court in the 7th century.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

1) Zi in Burma/Myanmar is the name of a plant defined with Ziziphus mauritiana in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Paliurus mairei H. Lév. (among others).

2) Zi in China is also identified with Catalpa ovata It has the synonym Catalpa catalpa (L.) H. Karst. (etc.).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants (1837)
· Journal of Cytology and Genetics (1984)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis (1913)
· Bulletin de la Société Dendrologique de France (1907)
· Encyclopédie Méthodique, Botanique (Lamarck) (1789)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Zi, for example health benefits, side effects, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, chemical composition, extract dosage, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Starts with (+166): Zi bai pi, Zi ban da ji, Zi bei jin pan, Zi bei wan nian qing, Zi bei xi xin, Zi buo zai, Zi cao, Zi chun, Zi di yu, Zi hua dan, Zi hua di ding, Zi hua guai zhou ya cong, Zi hua kuo ye chai hu, Zi hua luo shi, Zi hua mei guan lan, Zi hua qian hu, Zi hua ya zhi chai hu, Zi hua ye jue ming, Zi hua yin guang wei ling cai, Zi hua zui yu cao.

Ends with (+432): Ai cha biao zi, Ai jiao suan pan zi, Ai sheng xun zi, Akabindizi, Aku-emzi, Albizi, Amabelezintshingezi, Asubgwachakaazi, Baanga ndzazi, Bai hua xuan gou zi, Bai jie zi, Bai mao suan pan zi, Bai su zi, Bei xuan gou zi, Beta-umtunzi, Bi luo zi, Bi ma zi, Bing chuan cha biao zi, Bpyazi, Budzi.

Full-text (+268): Ge lu zi, Zi su zi, Tian ge lu zi, Fei lu bin hu tui zi, Zha-zi, Zi tan, Zhi zi, Lang dang zi, Can zi, Mi zi lan, Zhu zi shu, Ya ma zi, Zi mu xu, Niu bang zi, Zi ping, Le gu zi, Tian xian zi, Xu sui zi, Cha zi xin, Mu zi zhu.

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