Xin jie, Xīn jiè, Xìn jiè, Xìn jiě, Xīn jié, Xīn jiě: 9 definitions

[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]

欣界 [xin jie]—Xinjie — [Name of a realm] A land or realm (境土 [jing tu]) that can be joyfully sought (欣求 [xin qiu]). This refers to places such as the dwelling places of sages and saints (賢聖 [xian sheng]). The Preface to the Ten Non-Dual Gates (十不二門序 [shi bu er men xu]) states: "Light and dust (光塵 [guang chen]) suddenly transform, and Xinjie is even more remote."

[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]

心戒 [xin jie]—Mind Precepts — [Terminology] This refers to precepts that restrain the mind from evil thoughts and wrongdoings (制止心念邪非 [zhi zhi xin nian xie fei]). This is the common understanding of Mahayana precepts (大乘戒 [da cheng jie]). However, regarding Hinayana precepts (小乘戒 [xiao cheng jie]), the Nanshan Vinaya School of the Four-Part Vinaya (南山四分律宗 [nan shan si fen lu zong]) holds that in establishing precepts, two aspects are set up: 'deep prevention' (深防 [shen fang]) and 'limitation' (分限 [fen xian]). And 'limitation' is precisely the Mind Precepts.

[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]

信解 [xin jie]—Faith and Understanding—[Term] First to believe what is heard from the Buddha's teachings, and then to understand it, is called xìnjiě. Alternatively, it refers to those with dull faculties (钝根者 [dun gen zhe]) who believe, and those with sharp faculties (利根者 [li gen zhe]) who understand; this is also called xìnjiě. Furthermore, faith (信者 [xin zhe]) breaks wrong views (邪见 [xie jian]), and understanding (解者 [jie zhe]) breaks ignorance (无明 [wu ming]). The Lotus Sutra (法华经 [fa hua jing]), Chapter on Introduction (序品 [xu pin]), states: "Various kinds of faith and understanding (种种 [zhong zhong]), various kinds of appearances (种种相貌 [zhong zhong xiang mao])." The same (sutra's) Commentary by Jiaxiang (嘉祥疏 [jia xiang shu]), fascicle 2, says: "Regarding xìnjiě, it is initially called faith, and finally called understanding. Also, dull roots (钝根 [dun gen]) are faith, and sharp roots (利根 [li gen]) are understanding." The same (Commentary by Jiaxiang), fascicle 7, says: "Faith breaks wrong views, and understanding breaks ignorance." It is the third of the Seven Worthies (七贤 [qi xian]). See the entry for Seven Worthies (七贤条 [qi xian tiao]).

[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]

信戒 [xin jie]—Faith and Precepts — [Term] The four kinds of pure conviction (四證淨法 [si zheng jing fa]) regarding the Three Jewels (三寶 [san bao]) and precepts (戒 [jie]) are generally subsumed under these two categories: faith and precepts. Indeed, the purity regarding the Three Jewels (三寶 [san bao]) takes faith (信 [xin]) as its essence, while the purity of precepts (戒 [jie]) is simply the precepts (戒 [jie]) themselves. Chapter 25 of the Abhidharmakośa-śāstra (俱舍論 [ju she lun]) states: 'Due to the different objects of conviction, there are four names [for pure conviction], but it should be known that in reality there are only two. Namely, the three kinds of pure conviction regarding the Buddha, etc., take faith (信 [xin]) as their essence, while the pure conviction of holy precepts takes precepts (戒 [jie]) as its essence. Therefore, there are only two.' The Medicine Master Sūtra (藥師經 [yao shi jing]) states: 'Destroying the laws between ruler and minister, and violating faith and precepts.'

[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]

新戒 [xin jie]—(xīn jiè) — [Miscellaneous Term (雜名 [za ming])] refers to a śrāmaṇera (沙彌 [sha mi]) who has just received the precepts.

心結：存於內心的芥蒂或糾纏難以紓解的想法。如：「經過這麼多年，他們兩人的心結終於解開了。」