Vishoka, Viśoka, Visoka, Viśokā: 28 definitions
Introduction:
Vishoka means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Viśoka and Viśokā can be transliterated into English as Visoka or Vishoka, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
1) Viśoka (विशोक).—Callous to material distress and happiness.
2) Viśoka (विशोक).—The charioteer of Bhīma.
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Viśokā (विशोका) is the name of a mind-born ‘divine mother’ (mātṛ), created for the purpose of drinking the blood of the Andhaka demons, according to the Matsya-purāṇa 179.8. The Andhaka demons spawned out of every drop of blood spilled from the original Andhakāsura (Andhaka-demon). According to the Matsya-purāṇa 179.35, “Most terrible they (e.g., Viśokā) all drank the blood of those Andhakas and become exceedingly satiated.”
The Matsyapurāṇa is categorised as a Mahāpurāṇa, and was originally composed of 20,000 metrical verses, dating from the 1st-millennium BCE. The narrator is Matsya, one of the ten major avatars of Viṣṇu.
1) Viśoka (विशोक).—The charioteer of Bhīmasena. In the Bhāratabattle Bhagadatta struck him and he fell unconscious. (Mahābhārata Bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 95, Stanza 76).
2) Viśoka (विशोक).—A prince of Kekaya. It is mentioned in Mahābhārata, Droṇa Parva, Chapter 82, Stanza 3, that this prince was killed by Karṇa in the battle of Bhārata.
3) Viśoka (विशोक).—A Yādava prince born to Kṛṣṇa by Trivakrā. This prince who was the disciple of Nārada had written the book, "Sātvatatantra". (Bhāgavata, Skandha 10).
4) Viśokā (विशोका).—Mention is made in Mahābhārata, Sabhā Parva, Dākṣiṇātyapāṭha, Chapter 38, that Śrī Kṛṣṇa had a wife called Viśokā.
5) Viśokā (विशोका).—An attendant of Subrahmaṇya. (Mahābhārata Śalya Parva, Chapter 46, Stanza 5).
Viśoka (विशोक) refers to “one who is free from grief” and is used to describe Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.49 (“The delusion of Brahmā”).—Accordingly, as the Gods eulogised Śiva: “[...] You are the perfect Brahman, the nectar, free from grief (viśoka), devoid of attributes and the great one. You are the sole bliss, free from excitement, aberrations and even static and insentient. You are the cause of production, sustenance and dissolution of the universe Śiva, the lord of souls, is greater than the universe. He is free from the necessity of its aid. He is always pervasive. [...]”.
1a) Viśoka (विशोक).—A son of Trivakrā by Kṛṣṇa, and devoted to him; the author of Sātvata Tantra for the good women, Śūdras and slaves. A disciple of Nārada.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa X. 90. 34 [1-2].
1b) One of the four sons in the 30th kalpa of Śarva, red in colour, attire, etc.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 22. 30.
1c) A son of Damana, an avatār of the Lord in the 3rd dvāpara.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 23. 124.
1d) A divine forest in the Lohita hill; a garden of the gods.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 18. 12; III. 7, 102.
2) Viśokā (विशोका).—A mind-born mother.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 179. 25.
Viśoka (विशोक) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. III.174.14) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Viśoka) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
Viśokā also refers to the name of a Lady mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IX.45.5).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Viśoka (विशोक) was a soldier in Sunītha and Sūryaprabha’s army whose strength is considered as equaling a sevenfold-power warrior (saptaguṇaratha), according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 47. Accordingly, as the Asura Maya explained the arrangement of warriors in Sunītha’s army: “... [Viśoka, and others] are considered warriors of sevenfold power”.
The story of Viśoka was narrated by the Vidyādhara king Vajraprabha to prince Naravāhanadatta in order to relate how “Sūryaprabha, being a man, obtain of old time the sovereignty over the Vidyādharas”.
The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Viśoka, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Viśokā (विशोका) is the name of a Mātṛkā-Śakti created by Mahārudra in order to control the plague of demons created by Andhakāsura.—Accordingly, Andhaka-Asura tried to kidnap Umā (Devī Pārvatī), and was fiercely attacked by Mahārudra who shot arrows at him from his mahāpināka. when the arrows pierced the body of Andhakāsura, drops of blood fell to earth and from those drops, thousands of Andhakas arose. To control this plague of demons, Mahārudra created Mātṛkā-Śaktis [viz., Viśokā] and ordered them to drink the blood of the demons and drain them dry.
Viśokā (विशोका) refers to one of the various Mātṛkā-Śaktis created by Rudra in order to destroy the clones that spawned from Andhaka’s body.—Accordingly, [...] Andhakāsura attempted to abduct Girājanandinī (Pārvatī) and thus ensued a fierce battle between Andhakāsura and the great Rudra, the Lord of Umā. Like raktabīja, every drop of blood that fell from the body of Andhaka created another Asura like him and in no time, the entire world was filled with Andhakas. To destroy the growing number of Andhakas, Rudra created innumerable Mātṛkā-Śaktis [viz., Viśokā]. These Śaktis of immense power at once began to drink every drop of blood that flowed from the body of Andhaka, but they could still not effectively contain the emergence of more and more demons.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
1) Viśoka (विशोक) (lit. “one who is free from sorrow”) is a synonym (another name) for the Kukkuṭa, according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
2) Viśoka (विशोक) (lit. “one who removes sorrow i.e., one whose sight auspicious”) also refers to the Blue jay (Cāṣa).
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Visoka (विसोक): Bhima's charioteer.
India history and geography
Viśokā (विशोका) is the name of a river mentioned in the Nīlamatapurāṇa.—The Nīlamata describes Viśokā as an incarnation of Lakṣmī and refers to its confluences with the Kauṇḍinyā, the Kṣīranadī and the Vitastā. Viśokā is the modern Veśau whose waters are seen suddenly gushing out from the foot of the last and lofty eminence forming the dam on the western end of the lake Kramasāra. The waters find an exit not over but through the rocky barrier with which the lake is surrounded —a fact suggesting the simile of the mouse hole.
The stream flows at first in the northerly direction and receives the Ghiṭṭinadī (Kṣīranadī) about a mile north of Kangwattan. Then it turns towards Budil pass and reaches Arabal whence it takes south-easterly direction. Turning to the north it joins the Rembyāra at the village of Nowana and the united stream flows into the Vitastā through the Sadarinji Nāla, lat. 30° 50' long 75° 7'.6
Viśoka (विशोक) is the name of a Poet mentioned in the 13th century Saduktikarṇāmrita by Śrīdhara Dāsa (son of Vaṭu Dāsa) who was a chief over several districts (called a mahāmaṇḍalika).—The Sadukti-Karnamrita is a collection of miscellaneous verses by different authors and on various subjects, five verses being devoted to each subject. There are 446 poets identified (for example, Viśoka) some of which in the feminine gender (intended for females) while others are of Buddhist monks etc.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Vishoka in India is the name of a plant defined with Saraca indica in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Jonesia pinnata Willd. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Species Plantarum.
· Mantissa Plantarum (1767)
· Flora Indica (1768)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Vishoka, for example side effects, diet and recipes, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, health benefits, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
visoka : (adj.) free from grief.
Visoka, (adj.) (vi+soka) freed from grief Dh. 90; DhA. II, 166. (Page 641)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
viśōka (विशोक).—a S Delivered from sorrow or mental affliction.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Viśoka (विशोक).—a. Free from grief, happy.
-kaḥ 1 Cessation of grief; सुहृदां च विशोकाय स्वसुश्च प्रियकाम्यया (suhṛdāṃ ca viśokāya svasuśca priyakāmyayā) Bhāgavata 1.1. 7.
2) The Aśoka tree.
-kā Exemption from grief.
Viśoka (विशोक).—mfn.
(-kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) Without grief, happy. E. vi priv., śoka sorrow.
Viśoka (विशोक).—adj. free front sorrow, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 14227 (
Viśoka is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms vi and śoka (शोक).
Viśoka (विशोक).—[adjective] freed or freeing from grief.
1) Viśoka (विशोक):—[=vi-śoka] [from vi] a m. cessation of sorrow, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
2) [v.s. ...] mf(ā)n. free from sorrow
3) [v.s. ...] removing sor°, [Aitareya-brāhmaṇa; Upaniṣad] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] containing no description of any sor°, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa]
5) [v.s. ...] m. Jonesia Asoka, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) [v.s. ...] Name of a spiritual son of Brahmā, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
7) [v.s. ...] of a Ṛṣi, [Sāma-veda]
8) [v.s. ...] of the charioteer of Bhīma, [Mahābhārata]
9) [v.s. ...] of a Dānava, [Kathāsaritsāgara]
10) [v.s. ...] of a mountain-chain, [Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa]
11) Viśokā (विशोका):—[=vi-śokā] [from vi-śoka > vi] f. Name of one of the perfections which are obtained by Yoga, [Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha; Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
12) [v.s. ...] exemption from grief (one of the original properties of man), [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]
13) [v.s. ...] Name of one of the Mātṛs attending on Skanda, [Mahābhārata]
14) Viśoka (विशोक):—[=vi-śoka] [from vi] n. Name of a Sāman, [Sāma-veda]
15) [=vi-śoka] b See p. 952, col. 3.
Viśoka (विशोक):—[vi-śoka] (kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) a. Free from sorrow or trouble. n. Safety.
Viśoka (विशोक):—1. (2. vi + śoka) m. das Weichen des Kummers: suhṛdāṃ viśokāya [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1, 10, 7. 3, 23, 52.]
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Viśoka (विशोक):—2. (wie eben)
1) adj. (f. ā) kummerlos d. i. sowohl keinen Kummer empfindend als auch von Kummer befreiend, Kummer fern haltend [Aitareyabrāhmaṇa 7, 13.] [Chāndogyopaniṣad 8, 7, 1] [?(SARVADARŚANAS. 54, 22. fg.). MAITRYUP. 6, 25. Śāṅkhāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 15, 17, 16. KAIVALYOP. bei MUIR, Stenzler 4, 304. Mahābhārata 2, 291. 3, 2503. 16884. 7, 187. 2729. 13, 80. 15, 813. Harivaṃśa 1155. 9021. Rāmāyaṇa 2, 96, 28 (105, 27 Gorresio). Rāmāyaṇa Gorresio 1, 1, 94. 5, 35, 36. 6, 95, 20. Kumārasaṃbhava 6, 92. Kathāsaritsāgara 119, 198. Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1, 15, 31. 3, 24, 34. 7, 10, 62.] brahman n. [2, 7, 48. 8, 12, 7.] nāka [Chāndogyopaniṣad 2, 10, 5.] lokāḥ [Mahābhārata 1, 3659.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1, 19, 21. 4, 14, 15. 25, 39.] puṣkariṇī [Mahābhārata 3, 12720.] khaḍgarājayaḥ [Oxforder Handschriften 117,a,38.] sattvatī keinen Kummer schildernd, vorführend [Sāhityadarpana 416.] —
2) m. a) Jonesia Aśoka (s. aśoka) [AUSH. 6.] — b) Nomen proprium α) eines Ṛṣi [Weber’s Indische Studien.3,236,b.] [Oxforder Handschriften 52,a,25.] — — β) des Wagenlenkers des Bhīma [Mahābhārata 2, 1234. 6, 2825. 2827. 3355. fgg. 8, 3836. fgg.] — γ) eines Dānava [Kathāsaritsāgara 47, 22.] — δ) eines Gebirges [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 59, 13.] —
3) f. ā a) (sc. siddhi) Bez. einer der Vollkommenheiten, zu denen man durch den Yoga gelangt, [SARVADARŚANAS. 168, 19.] sarvabhāvādyadhiṣṭhātṛtvādirūpā (so ist zu lesen) viśokā siddhiḥ [179, 9.fg.] viśokā vā jyotiṣmatī [?(Yogasūtra.1,36) 14. Oxforder Handschriften 231,b,34. Viṣṇupurāṇa 45, Nalopākhyāna 5.] — b) Nomen proprium einer der Mütter im Gefolge Skanda's [Mahābhārata 9, 2623.] —
4) n. Name eines Sāman [Weber’s Indische Studien.3,236,b.] — Vgl. pāre .
Viśoka (विशोक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Visoga.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Viśoka (विशोक):—(a) free of sorrow/care.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Viśōka (ವಿಶೋಕ):—[adjective] free from worries, anxiety, distress, etc.
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Viśōka (ವಿಶೋಕ):—
1) [noun] freedom from worries, anxiety, distress, etc.
2) [noun] a man who is free from these.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Viśoka (विशोक):—adj. free from grief; happy; contented;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Shoka, Vi.
Starts with (+0): Vishokadeva, Vishokadvadashi, Vishokadvadashivrata, Vishokaka, Vishokakota, Vishokaparvan, Vishokasaptami, Vishokashashthi, Vishokata.
Full-text (+18): Vishokasaptami, Parevishokam, Vishokata, Vishokadvadashi, Vishokadeva, Vishokashashthi, Vishokaparvan, Vishokakota, Devaranyavishoka, Gatavishoka, Vicokam, Parevishoka, Vishokikri, Vishok, Visoga, Vishokikar, Devodyanani, Sukhila, Godavari, Sanna.
Relevant text
Search found 58 books and stories containing Vishoka, Vi-shoka, Vi-śoka, Vi-soka, Vi-śokā, Viśoka, Visoka, Viśokā, Viśōka; (plurals include: Vishokas, shokas, śokas, sokas, śokās, Viśokas, Visokas, Viśokās, Viśōkas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)
Yoga-sutras (with Bhoja’s Rajamartanda) (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation) (by Swami Lokeswarananda)
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 8.13.144 < [Chapter 13 - A Thousand Names of Lord Balarāma]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 326 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 991 < [Marathi-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 165 < [Hindi-Marathi-English Volume 3]
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)
Section 76 < [Karna Parva]
Section LXXVII < [Bhagavat-Gita Parva]
Section LXIV < [Bhagavat-Gita Parva]