Virala, Virāla: 23 definitions
Introduction:
Virala means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Viral.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Virala (विरल) refers to “few” (e.g., ‘having a few teeth’), according to Tantric texts such as the Kubjikāmata-tantra, the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “Form (rūpa) is the Transmission of the Sacred Seats (pīṭhakrama). (There) the goddess (shines with the) lustre of a blue cloud and collyrium. She has twelve arms and six faces. She is accompanied by six energies: [i.e., virala-dvijā (Few Teeth), ...]. The Naked (nagnā) Kubjikā, established in Form, is in the midst of the Transmission of the Child. Aflame with the Doomsday Fire, she is extremely fierce and frightening. The bestower of the divine Command, she can be approached (only) by means of the master’s teaching”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Virāla (विराल) or Virāladantaka refers to “few-toothed” representing one of various undesirable characteristics in horses (haya/aśva), according to Āyurveda sections in the Garuḍapurāṇa.—The treatment pertains to horses was described in detail in Garuḍapuraāṇa Ācārakhaṇḍa the chapter entitled Gajāśvāyurveda.There are many types of horses but the horse, which does not possess one of the various features [e.g., Virāladantaka (few-toothed)], is considered as healthy and fit one. Such type of horses only useful for riding, wars and other purposes.
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
Virala (विरल) or Viralasneha refers to the “non-congealing” type of Sneha (“oleaginous”) principle of plants, representing a technical term related to the morphology branch of “plant science”, which ultimately involves the study of life history of plants, including its origin and development, their external and internal structures and the relation of the members of the plant body with one another.—The leaf (patra), flower (puṣpa), heartwood (sāra), seeds (bīja), etc. and also exudates (niryāsa) in some plants contain “oleaginous substance” (sneha). These oleaginious properties are named according to their respective origin. The Oleaginious substances (sneha) are of two kinds, viz. liquid (virala) and solid (sāndra). The oleaginous substances that do not congeal by exposure to cold are called virala-sneha. Whereas the other variety that gets solidified on exposure to cold because of soma-guṇa are called sāndra-sneha.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Virala (विरल) refers to a “select few (companions)” (of the king), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the outlines of hawking]: “The arrangements should be made thus: From the very first watch of the night until the morning clouds of autumn surround the sun, a large number of soldiers should be posted far and wide on all sides to guard against intrusion of other people, while: the king himself, surrrounded by a few (virala) distinguished and faithful champions, [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
Virala (विरल) refers to “rarely-found persons” (i.e., those who desires neither pleasure nor liberation), according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Aṣṭavakra says to Janaka]: “[...] Those who desire pleasure and those who desire liberation are both found in Saṃsāra, but the great-souled man who desires neither pleasure nor liberation is rare indeed (virala). [bhogamokṣanirākāṅkṣī viralo hi mahāśayaḥ] It is only the noble minded who is free from attraction or repulsion to religion, wealth, sensuality, and life and death too. [...]”.
Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
virala : (adj.) sparse; rare; thin.
Virala, (& Viraḷa) (adj.) (connected with Vedic ṛtē excluding, without, & nirṛti perishing; cp. also Gr. e)ρhmos lonely; Lat. rarus=rare) 1. sparse, rare, thin Th. 2, 254 (of hair, explained as vilūna-kesa ThA. 210, i.e. almost bald; spelling ḷ); DhsA. 238 (ḷ); DhA. I, 122 (°cchanna thinly covered); PvA. 4 (in ratta-vaṇṇa-virala-mālā read better with v. l. as ratta-kaṇavīra-mālā, cp. J. III, 59). (Page 633)
1) virala (ဝိရလ) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[vi+rā+ka．vācappati,thoma．virātīti viralaṃ．amara,ṭī．vi+ramu+a．viramatīti viraḷaṃ,a,vaṇṇavikāro．ṭī．462．virala-saṃ,prā,addhamāgamī．]
[ဝိ+ရာ+ကလန်။ဝါစပ္ပတိ၊ထောမ။ ဝိရာတီတိ ဝိရလံ။ အမရ၊ဋီ။ ဝိ+ရမု+အ။ ဝိရမတီတိ ဝိရဠံ၊အ၊ဝဏ္ဏဝိကာရော။ ဓာန်၊ဋီ။၄၆၂။ ဝိရလ-သံ၊ပြာ၊ အဒ္ဓမာဂမီ။]
2) viraḷa (ဝိရဠ) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[vi+rā+ka．vācappati．thoma．vi+ramu+a．viramatīti viraḷaṃ,a,viṇṇavikāro．ṭī．462．]
[ဝိ+ရာ+ကလန်။ ဝါစပ္ပတိ။ ထောမ။ ဝိ+ရမု+အ။ ဝိရမတီတိ ဝိရဠံ၊ အ၊ ဝိဏ္ဏဝိကာရော။ ဓာန်၊ ဋီ။ ၄၆၂။]
[Pali to Burmese]
1) virala—
(Burmese text): ကျဲ-ပါး-အလှမ်းကွာ-ဝေး-သော(ဆံပင်)။
(Auto-Translation): Long-distance hair.
2) viraḷa—
(Burmese text): ဝိရလ-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): Watch out!
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
virala (विरल).—a (S) Wide apart; separated by an interval; of texture or order not close--cloth, teeth, any series, congeries, or disposition. 2 Rare, scarce, uncommon; that occurs but occasionally or exists but in few places.
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viraḷa (विरळ).—See virala &c.
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viraḷā (विरळा).—a (virala S) Rare, scarce, uncommon. 2 as ad Rarely. Ex. sarvadā vīja paḍatī asēṃ nāhīṃ vi0 paḍatī.
virala (विरल) [-ḷa, -ळ].—a Wide apart; of texture not close; rare.
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viraḷā (विरळा).—a Rare, scarce, uncommon. ad Rarely.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Virala (विरल).—a.
1) Having interstices, separated by intervals, thin, not thick or compact; विपर्यासं यातो घनविरलभावः क्षितिरुहाम् (viparyāsaṃ yāto ghanaviralabhāvaḥ kṣitiruhām) Uttararāmacarita 2.27;1.2; भवति विरलभक्तिर्म्लानपुष्पापहारः (bhavati viralabhaktirmlānapuṣpāpahāraḥ) R.5.74.
2) Fine, declicate.
3) Loose, wide apart.
4) Rare, scarcely found, unfrequent; विरला हि तेषामुप- देष्टारः (viralā hi teṣāmupa- deṣṭāraḥ) K.; स्तिमितोन्नतसंचारा जनसंतापहारिणः । जायन्ते विरला लोके जलदा इव सज्जनाः (stimitonnatasaṃcārā janasaṃtāpahāriṇaḥ | jāyante viralā loke jaladā iva sajjanāḥ) || Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.29.
5) Few, little (referring to number or quantity); तत्त्वं किमपि काव्यानां जानाति विरलो भुवि (tattvaṃ kimapi kāvyānāṃ jānāti viralo bhuvi) Bv.1.117; विरलातपच्छविः (viralātapacchaviḥ) Śiśupālavadha 9.3.
6) Remote, distant, long (as time, distance &c.).
-lam Curds, coagulated milk.
-lam ind. Scarcely, rarely, not frequently.
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Virāla (विराल).—See बिडाल (biḍāla).
Virala (विरल).—mfn.
(-laḥ-lā-laṃ) 1. Fine, delicate, thin, (but with interstices.) 2. Loose, relaxed. 3. Apart, wide, separated by an interval. 4. Remote, rare, occurring at distant or repeated intervals of time. n.
(-laṃ) Sour curds. E. vi apart, rā to go or be, aff. kalan .
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Virāla (विराल).—m.
(-laḥ) A cat. E. viḍāla as above, and ḍa changed to ra .
Virala (विरल).— (perhaps vila + la), I. adj. 1. Fine, delicate, thin. 2. Little, [Śiśupālavadha] 9, 3; few, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 56. 3. Loose, relaxed, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 14, 4. 4. Separated by an interval, wide. 5. Remote. 6. Single, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 33; rare, [Prabodhacandrodaya, (ed. Brockhaus.)] 10, 8; [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 35; ºlam, adv. Rarely, [Hitopadeśa] i. [distich] 32, M.M. Ii. n. Sour curds.
Virala (विरल).—[adjective] having interstices or intervals, separated (in space or time), distant, thin, rare; [abstract] tā [feminine]
1) Virala (विरल):—mf(ā)n. (perhaps from vira = vila for bila + la, ‘possessing holes’) having interstices, separated by intervals (whether of space or time), not thick or compact, loose, thin, sparse, wide apart, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
2) rare, scarcely found, unfrequent, scanty, few, [Kāvya literature; Kathāsaritsāgara] etc. ([in the beginning of a compound] and am ind. sparsely, rarely, seldom; viralaḥ with or without kopi, one here and there)
3) n. sour curds (= dadhi), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) Virāla (विराल):—m. = viḍāla, a cat, [Horace H. Wilson]
1) Virala (विरल):—[vi-rala] (laḥ-lā-laṃ) a. Gauze-like; fine; loose; apart; isolated; remote; rare. n. Sour curds.
2) Virāla (विराल):—(laḥ) 1. m. A cat.
Virala (विरल):—
1) adj. (f. ā) = pelava [Amarakoṣa 3, 2, 15.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1447.] = talina [Amarakoṣa 3, 4, 18, 129.] a) auseinanderstehend, nicht dicht anschliessend, undicht: stanau [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 23, 13.] viralāṅgulī caraṇau [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 68,3. 43.] [Oxforder Handschriften 202,b,4. 5. 9.] [UTTARAR. 10,6 (14,4).] dantāścāviralā mama [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 23. 11.] araṇyaṃ viraladrumam [Harivaṃśa 3487.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 56, 20.] bhūrviralasasyayutā [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 19, 1.] vṛkṣairaviralaiḥ [Mahābhārata 13, 4471.] aviralapattrasaṃcayā (śākhā) [1, 1383.] aviralakusumasaṃcaya [MĀLATĪM. 14, 6.] suratasvedodgārā vadhūvadanendavaḥ [Spr. 1719.] aviralāḥ karāḥ dichte Strahlen [Kathāsaritsāgara 21, 12.] aviralacchāyā adj. dichten Schatten gebend [Mahābhārata 3, 11033.] [Rāmāyaṇa] [Gorresio 1, 49, 12.] aviralam adv. dicht [UTTARAR. 33, 12 (44, 6).] aviralamiva dāmnā pauṇḍarīkeṇa naddhaḥ [MĀLATĪM. 60, 10.] — b) selten, wenig, nicht zahlreich: pracāra [Prabodhacandrodaja 10, 6. 31, 7.] prayoga [Sāhityadarpana 218, 20.] kalamaviralaṃ (adv. ununterbrochen) kvaṇantu śakuntayaḥ [UTTARAR. 53, 14 (69, 6).] viralabhaktirmlānapuṣpopahāraḥ [Raghuvaṃśa 5, 74.] viralātapacchavi [Śiśupālavadha 9, 3.] pārśvaga [Rājataraṅgiṇī 5, 56.] vāsarāḥ (Gegens. bhūyāṃsaḥ) [4, 336.] kandarpadarpadalane viralā manuṣyāḥ [Spr. 2091. 5299.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 36, 41.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 4, 240.] puruṣastu viralapātako bhavati [Vetālapañcaviṃśati] in [Lassen’s Anthologie (III) 23, 3.] saṃsāre sminbhavati viralo bhājanaṃ sadgatīnām hier und da Einer [Spr. 2978.] taṃ bhuvanatikalakabhūtaṃ janayati jananī sutaṃ viralam [2826.] viralaḥ ko pi yo vetti rahasyaṃ kausumāyudham [Vetālapañcaviṃśati] in [Lassen’s Anthologie 20, 19.] —
2) n. saurer Kahm (dadhi) [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] — Vgl. a, pra .
Virala (विरल) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Virala.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Virala (विरल) [Also spelled viral]:—(a) thin; sparse; rare, scarce; ~[tā] rarefaction, sparseness, thinness, scarcity; ~[na] rarefaction; thinning, becoming sparse.
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Prakrit-English dictionary
Virala (विरल) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Virala.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Virala (ವಿರಲ):—
1) [adjective] having interstices; separated by intervals (whether of space or time).
2) [adjective] not thick or compact; loose.
3) [adjective] thin; sparce; not dense.
4) [adjective] rare; scarcely or unfrequently found.
5) [adjective] barely sufficient; not ample; meager, scanty.
6) [adjective] pleasing in its lightness, mildness, subtlety, etc.; delicate.
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Virala (ವಿರಲ):—
1) [noun] sour curds.
2) [noun] that which is characterised by delicateness.
3) [noun] breadth; width; extensiveness; vastness.
4) [noun] a hole (as drilled, bored through something).
5) [noun] the quality or condition of being rare; rarity; uncommonness; scarcity.
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Viraḷa (ವಿರಳ):—[adjective] = ವಿರಲ [virala]1.
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Viraḷa (ವಿರಳ):—[noun] = ವಿರಲ [virala]2.
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Virāḷa (ವಿರಾಳ):—[noun] the quality or state of being perturbed, agitated; lack of calmness, serenity, tranquility.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Virala (विरल):—adj. 1. thin; separated by intervals; 2. rare; scarce; infrequent; 3. fine; delicate; 4. loose; wide apart;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Rala, Vi, Ka, Ra.
Starts with (+10): Viralabhakti, Viralacchanna, Viralacchannamandapa, Viralacchaya, Viraladamte, Viraladanta, Viraladantaka, Viraladrava, Viraladruma, Viraladvija, Viralagata, Viralajanuka, Viralakara, Viralakshara, Viralakshmi, Viralakshmyutsava, Viralal, Viralali, Viralalita, Viralam.
Full-text (+50): Avirala, Viralam, Pravirala, Viraladanta, Viralajanuka, Viraladrava, Viralita, Viralavirala, Viralaparshvaga, Viralapataka, Aviralam, Viralabhakti, Viralasakha, Viralapanna, Viralavattha, Viralacchaya, Viralacchanna, Viralagata, Viralavegi, Viraletara.
Relevant text
Search found 37 books and stories containing Virala, Vi-ra-ka, Vi-rā-ka, Vi-ra-ka, Vi-rā-ka, Vi-rala, Viraḷa, Viraḷā, Viralā, Virāla, Virāḷa; (plurals include: Viralas, kas, ralas, Viraḷas, Viraḷās, Viralās, Virālas, Virāḷas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 322 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 919 < [Marathi-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 66 < [Marathi-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Tirumantiram by Tirumular (English translation)
Verse 1695: Pure thoughts lead to Grace < [Tantra Six (aram tantiram) (verses 1573-1703)]
Kavyalankara-sara-sangraha of Udbhata (by Narayana Daso Banhatti)
Chapter 1 (prathamo vargah) < [Sanskrit text of the Kavyalankara-sara-sangraha]
Chapter 1—First Varga < [English notes to the Kavyalankara-sara-sangraha]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 3.2.106 < [Part 2 - Affection and Service (dāsya-rasa)]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Page 256 < [Volume 9 (1888)]