Viraga, Virāga: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Viraga means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Virag.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Virāga (विराग).—A son of Vāta.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 69. 130.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Virāga (विराग).—Omission of a consonant, sometimes when it is preceded and also followed by another consonant, as if it were squeezed between the two; this is no doubt looked upon as a fault; e.g. the omission of the consonant द् (d) in उपमा षट् द्रा द्वा (upamā ṣaṭ drā dvā) uttered as उपमा षट् वा द्वा (upamā ṣaṭ vā dvā); cf.अन्योन्येन व्यञ्जनानां विरागः (anyonyena vyañjanānāṃ virāgaḥ) R. Pr.XIV where Uvvaṭa explains विराग (virāga) as लोप् (lop).
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Virāga (विराग) or Virāgatā refers to the “state of detachment”, according to the Kularatnapañcakāvatāra verse 1.16-23ab.—Accordingly, “One who suffers knows (reality) in the midst of suffering because (of his) impermanent ignorance. O fair lady, (the consequences of) Karma must be experienced due to the (power) of Karma and that is inevitable. Having understood this there is no attachment or (even) detachment (virāgatā) in pleasure and pain. One who knows the condition of his own consciousness does not become subject to Karma. Nor should one take up any other means on the supreme plane that consists of (pure) consciousness. Thus, O goddess, this is said to be the supreme Kulakaula. [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
'fading away', detachment; absence of lust, dispassionateness. Appears frequently together with nirodha, 'cessation'
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(1) as a name for Nibbāna,
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(2) in the contemplations
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(a) forming the 4th tetrad in the exercises in mindfulness of breathing (s. ānāpānasati 14),
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(b) of the 18 principal insights (No. 5); s. vipassanā.
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According to Com., it may mean
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(1) the momentary destruction of phenomena, or
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(2) the ultimate 'fading away', i.e. Nibbāna.
In the aforementioned two contemplations, it means the understanding of both, and the path attained by such understanding.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Virāga (विराग) refers to “(that which is) free from desire”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] The Bodhisattva Gaganagañja then sustained the jewel-canopy of ten thousand yojanas high over the Lord’s lion throne in the sky, joined the palms of his hands, saluted, and praised the Lord with these suitable verses: ‘[...] (20) He knows all living beings have egolessness (nairātmya), the realm of dharmas of the Omniscient has the same character, and the character of all dharmas is free from desire (virāga). Thus the Leader (nāyaka) having sameness (samatā) is honored. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
virāga : (m.) dispassionateness; absence of desire.
Virāga, (vi+rāga) 1. absence of rāga, dispassionateness, indifference towards (Abl. or Loc.) disgust, absence of desire, destruction of passions; waning, fading away, cleansing, purifying; emancipation, Arahantship. ‹-› D. III, 130 sq. 136 sq. 222, 243, 251, 290; S. I, 136; III, 19 sq. 59 sq. 163, 189; IV, 33 sq. 47, 226, 365; V, 226, 255, 361; A. I, 100, 299; II, 26; III, 35, 85, 325 sq.; IV, 146 sq. 423 sq.; V, 112, 359; Th. 1, 599; Sn. 795; Ps. II, 220 sq.; Nd1 100; Kvu 600=Dh. 273=Nett 188 (virāgo seṭṭho dhammānaṃ); Dhs. 163; Nett 16, 29; Vism. 290 (khaya° & accanta°) 293.—Often nearly synonymous with nibbāna, in the description of which it occurs frequently in foll. formula: taṇhakkhaya virāga nirodha nibbāna, e.g. S. I, 136; Vin. I, 5; A. II, 118; It. 88;— or combined with nibbidā virāga nirodha upasama . . . nibbāna, e.g. M. I, 431; S. II, 223; cp. nibbāna II. B1 & III, 8.—In other connection (more objectively as “destruction”): aniccatā saṅkhārānaṃ etc. vipariṇāma virāga nirodha, e.g. S. III, 43; (as “ceasing, fading away”: ) khaya(-dhamma liable to), vaya°, virāga°, nirodha° M. I, 500; S. II, 26.—2. colouring, diversity or display of colour, dye, hue (=rāga 1) J. I, 89 (nānā°-samujjala blazing forth different colours); 395 (nānā° variously dyed); PvA. 50 (nānā°-vaṇṇa-samujjala). (Page 634)
[Pali to Burmese]
1) virāga—
(Burmese text): (၁) အရိယမဂ်။ (၂) (သင်္ခါရတရားတို့၏) ကင်းပျောက်-ပျက်စီး-ချုပ်ငြိမ်း-ခြင်း (ခဏိကနိရောဓ)။ (၃) (သင်္ခါရတရားတို့၏) ကင်းပျောက်-ပျက်စီး-ချုပ်ငြိမ်း-ရာ နိဗ္ဗာန်။ (၄) နှစ်သက်-တပ်မက်-လိုချင်-မက်မော-စွဲလမ်း-မှုကင်းခြင်း၊ စက်ဆုပ်-ရွံမုန်း-ရွံရှာ-ခြင်း။ (၅) လွန်မြောက်ခြင်း။ (၆) (ရာဂအစရှိသော တရားတို့၏) နှစ်သက်-တပ်မက်-လိုချင်-မက်မော-စွဲလမ်း-ခြင်းကင်း-ရာ-ကြောင်း-ဖြစ်သော နိဗ္ဗာန်။ (တိ) (၇) ကင်းသောရာဂရှိသော၊ ရာဂကင်းပြီးသော၊ နှစ်သက်-တပ်မက်-လိုချင်-မက်မော-စွဲလမ်း-မှုကင်းသော၊ သူ။ (၈) ပယ်ခြင်း။ (၉) ရူပ,အရူပသမာပတ်။ ဝိရာဂရတ္တ-ကြည့်။ (၁ဝ) အထူးထူးသော-နှစ်သက်-တပ်မက်-လိုချင်-မက်မော-စွဲလမ်း-ဖွယ်။ ဝိရာဂိတာ-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Non-attachment. (2) The cessation of (the defilements) that are linked to desire - destruction - quieting (momentary peace). (3) The cessation - destruction - quieting of desire leading to Nirvana. (4) Freedom from liking, craving, desiring, longing, and attachment; also from disgust, aversion, and repulsion. (5) Transcendence. (6) Nirvana that is free from the craving, desire, attachment, longing, and infatuation related to phenomena like craving. (7) One who is free from craving, devoid of craving, and free from liking, desiring, longing, and attachment. (8) Rejection. (9) Form, formlessness. Considered with the view of cessation of craving. (10) Particularly peculiar craving, desiring, longing, and attachment. Considered with the contemplation of cessation.
2) virāga—
(Burmese text): နိဗ္ဗာန်လျှင်အာရုံရှိသော (မဂ္ဂင်)။
(Auto-Translation): Nirvana is a state of consciousness (magical).
3) virāga—
(Burmese text): နှစ်သက်-တပ်မက်-မှုကင်းခြင်းကို အဖန်တလဲလဲ ရှုတတ်သော ဉာဏ်။ ဝိရာဂသညာ (၁)-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): A mind capable of observing non-attachment and dispassion. Wisdom (1) - See.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
virāga (विराग).—m S Absence of desire or passion; disregard of or indifference to all sensual enjoyment.
virāga (विराग).—m Absence of desire or passion.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Virāga (विराग).—
1) Change of colour.
2) Change of disposition, disaffection, discontent, dissatisfaction; विरागकारणेषु परि- हृतेषु (virāgakāraṇeṣu pari- hṛteṣu) Mu.1.
3) Aversion, disinclination; Kau. A.3.
4) Indifference to worldly attachments, freedom from passion.
Derivable forms: virāgaḥ (विरागः).
Viraga (विरग).—nt., a high number: Mahāvyutpatti 7715; Tibetan khrib (khrab) khrib. See s.v. vināka.
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Virāga (विराग).—nt., var. for vināka, q.v.
Virāga (विराग).—m.
(-gaḥ) 1. The absence of desire or passion, indifference, philosophy, the disregard of all sensual enjoyment either in this world or the next. 2. Change of colour. 3. Dissatisfaction. E. vi privative, and rāga passion, desire.
Virāga (विराग).—m. 1. disinclination, hatred, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 1156. 2. the absence of desire or passion, indifference, disregard of all sensual enjoyment, [Vedāntasāra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in
Virāga is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms vi and rāga (राग).
Virāga (विराग).—1. [masculine] change or loss of colour, absence of passion; aversion or indifference to ([locative], [ablative], or —°).
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Virāga (विराग).—2. [adjective] many-coloured or = seq.
1) Virāga (विराग):—[=vi-rāga] [from vi] 1. vi-rāga mf(ā)n. passionless, without feeling, dispassionate, indifferent (sarvatas, ‘to everything’), [Rāmāyaṇa; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
2) Viraga (विरग):—m. or n. (?) a [particular] high number, [Buddhist literature]
3) Virāga (विराग):—[=vi-rāga] [from vi-rañj] 2. vi-rāga m. (for 1. See p. 952, col. 1) change or loss of colour, [Naiṣadha-carita]
4) [v.s. ...] excitement, irritation, [Pāṇini 6-4, 91]
5) [v.s. ...] aversion, dislike or indifference to ([locative case] [ablative], or [compound]), [Kāvya literature; Rājataraṅgiṇī; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] indifference to external things or worldly objects, [Sāṃkhyakārikā]
7) [v.s. ...] the faulty suppression of a sound in pronunciation, [Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya]
8) [v.s. ...] a [particular] high number, [Buddhist literature]
Virāga (विराग):—[vi-rāga] (gaḥ) 1. m. Philosophical absence of desire or passion. a. Tired of the world.
Viraga (विरग):—eine best. hohe Zahl [Vyutpatti oder Mahāvyutpatti 179.] [Mélanges asiatiques 4, 637.] virāga v. l.
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Virāga (विराग):—1. (von raj mit vi) m.
1) Entfärbung, Verlust der Röthe [Naiṣadhacarita 22, 55.] —
2) Entfärbung, Umfärbung (eines Lautes, ein best. Fehler der Aussprache wie ṣaḍ ḍvā für ṣaḍ dvā) [Prātiśākhya zum Ṛgveda 14, 5.] —
3) Aufregung, das Versetzen in Leidenschaft: citta [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 6, 4, 91.] —
4) Abneigung (gegen Personen) [Spr. 1156.] [Naiṣadhacarita 22, 55.] tasya (rājñaḥ) prakṛtayo virāgaṃ pratipedire [Rājataraṅgiṇī 2, 143. 3, 500. 4, 381. 6, 198. 8, 687. 696.] Abneigung, Gleichgiltigkeit (gegen Unpersönliches): gṛhamedheṣu yogeṣu [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 3, 22.] jātavirāga aindriyāt [25, 26.] sarvakāmebhyaḥ [Spr. 2835.] bahirjātavirāga [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 32, 42.] ihāmutraphalabhoga [Vedānta lecture No. 9. 11.] ohne Ergänzung Gleichgiltigkeit gegen die Aussenwelt [Kapila 2, 9.] [SĀṂKHYAK. 23.] [Spr. 5011.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 23, 56. 4, 22, 26. 6, 5, 40.]
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Virāga (विराग):—2. (2. vi + rāga) adj. (f. ā)
1) von mannichfacher Farbe, bunt: vasana [Mahābhārata 2, 824. 842.] vastrābharaṇa [Harivaṃśa 8423.] nānāvirāgavasana [Rāmāyaṇa 4, 33, 28.] [Mahābhārata 8, 456. 10, 286.] nānāvarṇavirāgāḥ patākāḥ [7, 3931.] —
2) frei von aller Leidenschaft, gleichgiltig [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 7, 7.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 15, 47. 32, 10.] sarvatas für Alles abgestorben [29, 3.]
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Virāga (विराग):—3. eine best. hohe Zahl [Vyutpatti oder Mahāvyutpatti 181.] [Mélanges asiatiques 4, 637.] — Vgl. viraga .
Virāga (विराग) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Virāga.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Virāga (विराग) [Also spelled virag]:—(nm) renunciation; detachment; aversion, dislike, indifference; ~[gī] detached, one who has renounced or is averse to mundane affairs, an ascetic.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Virāga (विराग) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Virāga.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Virāga (ವಿರಾಗ):—
1) [noun] the change of colours.
2) [noun] absence of interest, intentness, concern, etc.; indifference.
3) [noun] the quality or sate of being not influenced by personal interest, selfish motives, sensual enjoyments, worldly possessions, etc.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Virāga (विराग):—n. 1. indifference to worldly attachments; freedom from passion; 2. change of disposition; disaffection; discontent; dissatisfaction; 3. aversion; disinclination;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Ranja, Anupassana, Vi, Viraga, Raga, Na.
Starts with (+20): Viraga Sutta, Viraga-nirodha, Viragacariyattha, Viragadhamma, Viragadhigama, Viragagami, Viragaggahana, Viragagocara, Viragahetu, Viragajanana, Viragakarana, Viragakatha, Viraganiddesa, Viraganimitta, Viraganisamsa, Viraganissita, Viraganupassana, Viraganupassi, Viragapancama, Viragapatittha.
Full-text (+107): Viragita, Viragata, Viraganupassana, Viragin, Viragaggahana, Khippaviraga, Viragasampatti, Viragahetu, Viragasamhita, Pharanaviraga, Viragavibandhana, Jaramaranaviraga, Viragakatha, Nissaranaviraga, Viragatthana, Avikkhepaviraga, Nanaviraga, Viragapancama, Viragupanisa, Viraganiddesa.
Relevant text
Search found 60 books and stories containing Viraga, Virāga, Vi-raga, Vi-rāga, Viraga-anupassana, Virāga-anupassanā, Viraga-na, Virāga-ṇa, Vi-ranja-na, Vi-ranja-ṇa, Viragas; (plurals include: Viragas, Virāgas, ragas, rāgas, anupassanas, anupassanās, nas, ṇas, Viragases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 322 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 556 < [Tamil-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 225 < [Hindi-Marathi-English Volume 1]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Ahara as depicted in the Pancanikaya (by Le Chanh)
7. Bhuta-sutta (“Become or Come to be”) < [Appendix 1 - Buddha's teachings on Ahara (Pali texts and English translations)]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Preliminary note on the ten concepts (daśa-saṃjñā) < [Chapter XXXVII - The Ten Concepts]
IX. The concepts of renunciation (prahāṇa), detachment (virāga) and cessation (nirodha) < [Chapter XXXVII - The Ten Concepts]
Emptiness 6: Emptiness of the absolute or of nirvāṇa < [Chapter XLVIII - The Eighteen Emptinesses]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.249 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 4.98 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Text 4.99 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 2.9.5 < [Chapter 9 - Brahmā’s Prayers]