Vipralambha: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Vipralambha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Vipralambh.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ, “love in separation”) refers to one of the two types of Śṛṅgāra-rasa according to both Viśvanātha (Sāhityadarpaṇa III.186) and Mammaṭa (Kāvyaprakāśa IV. p. 84). In vipralambha, though possessing love for each other, the hero and the heroine cannot get united. In fact, it is equivalent to the viprayoga, which is also said to exist in case of a couple of lovers, being separated after union.
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ) refers to the second variety of Śṛṅgāra (“the erotic sentiment”) which represents one of the nine kinds of Rasa (“soul of Drama”), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—Rasa or Sentiment is a very important component in poetry. In the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa both the terms viraha and vipralambha are used to denote the second variety of śṛṇgāra sentiment. But most of the Rhetoricians of Sanskrit poetics like Mammaṭa and Viśvanāthakavirāja use the term vipralambha only.
According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, there are ten kinds of vipralambha-śṛṇgāra which are based on different kāmāvasthās i.e., stages of love or desire.
In the Sāhityadarpaṇa four types of vipralambha-śṛṇgāra are accepted viz.,
- pūrvarāga,
- māna,
- pravāsa and
- karūṇa.
Again in the Kāvyaprakāśa of Mammaṭa, vipralambha-śṛṇgāra is divided into five kinds viz.,
- abhilāṣa,
- viraha,
- īrṣā,
- pravāsa and
- śāpahetuka.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ) refers to the “separation (of husband and wife)”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “[...] The love which a devoted husband and wife bear to cach other is known to themselves alone and cannot be expressed to others. Love is in reality physical touching. In the compositions of Guṇāḍhya, Vyāsa and Vālmīki, each of which thay be compared to a sea full of pearls, this matter has been expatiated upon, both in the case of union and in the case of separation (vipralambha). [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ) refers to “deception”, according Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XXIV).—Accordingly, “there are three kinds of honors (pūjā): i) One is respected (satkṛta) by people as a result of merit (puṇya) acquired in the course of previous existences (pūrvajanman); ii) One is respected by people as a result of qualities (guṇa) of which one has given evidence in the present lifetime (ihajanman) in practicing morality (śīla), rapture (dhyāna) and wisdom (prajñā); iii) By falsehood (mṛṣā) and deception (vipralambha) one can have no virtue inwardly and outwardly seem quite white: one wins honors by deceiving one’s contemporaries”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ).—(a)
1) Deceiving, deceit, tricking, disappointment; विप्रलम्भोऽयमत्यन्तं यदि स्युरफलाः क्रियाः (vipralambho'yamatyantaṃ yadi syuraphalāḥ kriyāḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 3. 31.28; विप्रलम्भोऽपि लाभाय सति प्रियसमागमे (vipralambho'pi lābhāya sati priyasamāgame) Kirātārjunīya 11.27. (b) Delusion; अतिक्लमिता खलु प्रियसखी अनेनानुकूलविप्रलम्भेन (atiklamitā khalu priyasakhī anenānukūlavipralambhena) Māl. 6.
2) Especially, deceiving by false statement or by not keeping promises; विप्रलम्भकृत्रिमप्रेमसहजसौहार्दवेदिनं तं विद्येश्वरं सबहुमानं विससर्ज (vipralambhakṛtrimapremasahajasauhārdavedinaṃ taṃ vidyeśvaraṃ sabahumānaṃ visasarja) Daśakumāracarita 1.5.
3) Quarrel, disagreement.
4) Disunion, separation, disjunction.
5) The separation of lovers; शुश्रुवे प्रियजनस्य कातरं विप्रलम्भपरिशङ्किनो वचः (śuśruve priyajanasya kātaraṃ vipralambhapariśaṅkino vacaḥ) R.19.18; Ve.2.12.
6) (In Rhet.) The feeling or sentiment of love in separation, one of the two main kinds of शृङ्गार (śṛṅgāra) (opp. saṃbhoga); अपरः (aparaḥ) (vipralambhaḥ) अभिलाष- विरहेर्ष्याप्रवासशापहेतुक इति पञ्चविधः (abhilāṣa- viraherṣyāpravāsaśāpahetuka iti pañcavidhaḥ) K. P.4; यूनोरयुक्तयोर्भावो युक्तयोर्वाथवा मिथः । अभीष्टालिङ्गनादीनामनवाप्तौ प्रहृष्यते । विप्रलम्भः स विज्ञेयः -उज्जवलमणिः (yūnorayuktayorbhāvo yuktayorvāthavā mithaḥ | abhīṣṭāliṅganādīnāmanavāptau prahṛṣyate | vipralambhaḥ sa vijñeyaḥ -ujjavalamaṇiḥ); cf. S. D.212 et seq.
Derivable forms: vipralambhaḥ (विप्रलम्भः).
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ).—m.
(-mbhaḥ) 1. Tricking, deceiving, disappointing, deceiving by a false affirmation or by not keeping a promise. 2. Separation, especially of lovers. 3. Disunion, disjunction. 4. Quarrel, disagreement. 5. The sentiment of love in separation, (opposite to sambhoga.) E. vi and pra implying reverse, labhi to get or gain, aff. ghañ .
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ).—i. e. vi-pra -labh + a, m. 1. Deceiving, deceit, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 19, 18; [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 82, 12; [Daśakumāracarita] in
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ).—[masculine] deception, illusion or disillusion.
1) Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ):—[=vi-pralambha] [from vipra-labh] m. ([from] [Causal]) deception, deceit, disappointment, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] the being disappointed or deceived through ([ablative]), [Mahābhārata xiv, 133]
3) [v.s. ...] separation of lovers, [Raghuvaṃśa; Uttararāma-carita] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] disunion, disjunction, [Horace H. Wilson]
5) [v.s. ...] quarrel, disagreement, [ib.]
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ):—[vi-pra-lambha] (mbhaḥ) 1. m. Tricking; disappointing; separation; quarrel.
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ):—(von labh mit vipra) m. [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 7, 1, 67, Scholiast]
1) Täuschung, Betrug [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 7, 36.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1519.] [Halāyudha 4, 63.] [Mahābhārata 3, 1187. 5, 7426.] [KĀM. NĪTIS. 5, 19.] ebhirbhūtaiḥ smara kati kṛtāḥ svānta te vipralambhāḥ [Spr. (II) 1409.] [UTTARAR. 64,10] [?(82,12). Daśakumāracarita 69,4. KUVALAY. 151,b,1 v. u. KUSUM.8,16.] upādhyāyāt das Getäuschtwerden (in seinen Erwartungen) durch den Lehrer [Mahābhārata 14, 133.] —
2) Trennung eines liebenden Paars (getäuschte Erwartung) [Amarakoṣa 3, 3, 28.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 1, 1, 127.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1511.] [Raghuvaṃśa 19, 18.] [UTTARAR. 64, 5 (82, 7).] [Spr. 1460.] [Sāhityadarpana 211. fg. 224. 231. 559.] bhānumatyā saha [165,16.] [Oxforder Handschriften 208,a,30.] [PRATĀPAR. 19,a,4. 58,a,7.]
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Vippalaṃbha.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Vipralaṃbha (विप्रलंभ) [Also spelled vipralambh]:—(nm) separation (of lovers); —[śrṛṃgāra] according to Indian poetics, one of the two types of [śrṛṃgāra] wherein the lovers suffer separation from each other.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Vipralaṃbha (ವಿಪ್ರಲಂಭ):—
1) [noun] a going back on one’s promise; a disapointing; deception.
2) [noun] a talking in disjunction or irrelevantly.
3) [noun] disagreement; a quarrelling over an issue.
4) [noun] the fact of being separated, disjoined; separation; disassociation.
5) [noun] separation of lovers.
6) [noun] (rhet.) a treatment of this as a sentiment.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Vipralambha (विप्रलम्भ):—n. 1. deception; 2. separation (of lovers); 3. quarrel; disagreement; wrangle;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Lambha, Pralambha, Vipra, Vi.
Starts with: Vipralambha-shrringara, Vipralambhaka, Vipralambhakatva, Vipralambhana, Vipralambharasa, Vipralambhashringara, Vipralambhayati, Vipralambhayitri, Vipralambhayitrika.
Full-text (+19): Karunavipralambha, Vipralambhashringara, Viraha, Vipralambh, Pravasa, Shringara, Vipralambhin, Vipralambha-shrringara, Vipralambhana, Vipralambhakatva, Vipralambhaka, Abhilasa, Abhinaya, Irsha, Purvaraga, Shapahetuka, Mana, Vipralambharasa, Vipralambh-shrringaar, Viyoga.
Relevant text
Search found 47 books and stories containing Vipralambha, Vi-pralambha, Vipra-lambha, Vipralaṃbha; (plurals include: Vipralambhas, pralambhas, lambhas, Vipralaṃbhas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Hanuman Nataka (critical study) (by Nurima Yeasmin)
4. Various Rasas Delineated < [Chapter 4]
5. The Principal Sentiment of the Hanumannāṭaka < [Chapter 4]
2. Guṇa (quality) in the Haumannāṭaka < [Chapter 4]
Malatimadhava (study) (by Jintu Moni Dutta)
Part 1.3a - Śṛṅgāra Rasa (Erotic Sentiment) < [Chapter 2 - Literary Study of the Mālatīmādhava]
Part 1.4 - The Principal Sentiment of the Mālatīmādhava < [Chapter 2 - Literary Study of the Mālatīmādhava]
Part 4.3a - Mādhurya Guṇa (sweetness) < [Chapter 2 - Literary Study of the Mālatīmādhava]
Dramaturgy in the Venisamhara (by Debi Prasad Namasudra)
Vipralambha-Śṛṅgāra (Disunion) < [Chapter 4 - Dramaturgy in Veṇīsaṃhāra]
Sambhoga-Śṛṅgāra (Disunion) < [Chapter 4 - Dramaturgy in Veṇīsaṃhāra]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 4.48 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Text 4.27 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Text 4.84 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 64 < [Hindi-Kannada-English Volume 3]
Page 71 < [Hindi-Kannada-English Volume 3]
Page 64 < [Hindi-Gujarati-English Volume 3]
Sanskrit dramas by Kerala authors (Study) (by S. Subramania Iyer)
4. The sentiment (rasa) of the Ratnaketudaya < [Chapter 10: Ratnaketudaya (Study)]
4. The sentiment (rasa) of the Chandrika-Kalapida < [Chapter 9: Candrikakalapida (Chandrika-Kalapida) (Study)]
3. The sentiment (rasa) of the Ramavarmavilasa < [Chapter 11: Ramavarmavilasa (Study)]