Viparinama, Vi-pari-namu-nama, Vipariṇāma, Vipparinama, Vippariṇāma: 17 definitions
Introduction:
Viparinama means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम).—Change; cf. कार्यविपरिणामाद्वा सिद्धम् । कार्यस्य संप्रत्ययस्य विपरिणामः कार्य-विपरिणामः (kāryavipariṇāmādvā siddham | kāryasya saṃpratyayasya vipariṇāmaḥ kārya-vipariṇāmaḥ) M.Bh. on I.1.56 Vart. 14. The word is very frequently used in connection with a change of the case of a word in a grammar rule which becomes necessary for interpretation; cf. विभक्तिविपरिणामाद्वा सिद्वम् (vibhaktivipariṇāmādvā sidvam) as also अर्थाद्विभक्तिविपरिणामो भवति । (arthādvibhaktivipariṇāmo bhavati |) M.Bh. on P.I.3.9,12:V.3.60, VI.1 . 4, VII.3.50.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
1) Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम) refers to “ruin”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 41).—Accordingly, “[According to the Sautrāntika].—If the past, the future and the present existed, what could there not be? But the Buddha preached the four truths (catuḥsatya) and, in the truth of suffering, he saw the aspects of impermanence, etc. Impermanence is death after birth, ruin (vipariṇāma), vanishing. If past dharmas existed actually in truth, there would no longer be impermanence, ruin, vanishing. Moreover, [to claim] that the past, future and present exist is to fall into eternalism. Why? If the dharma exists in the future, it necessarily exists in the present and from the present it goes into the past. If a man were to leave one house to enter another, we would not say that he has disappeared”.
2) Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम) refers to the “changing” (body), according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 35.—Accordingly, [while discussing the ten notions (daśasaṃjñā)]: “[...] Others say that the ten and the nine notions are equally detachment and, together, nirvāṇa. Why? [...] 6. When the Yogin makes use of the nine notions [of the horrible] to meditate on the impermanent, changing (vipariṇāma-dharman) body that perishes from moment to moment, there is maraṇasaṃjñā, the notion of death, [the sixth of the ten notions]. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Vippariṇāma (विप्परिणाम) (Sanksrit: Vipariṇāma) refers to “ (reflection on) the change of things” and represents one of the four types of “pure meditation” (sukkajhāṇa), a classification of the “meditation” (Jhāṇa), according to the Sthānāṅga Sūtra chapter 4.1.—The classification of meditation in the Sthānāṅga Sūtra comprises four kinds [e.g. “pure” (sukka/śukla)]. [...] The four reflections that are prescribed for pure meditation (sukkajhāṇa), [e.g., reflection on the change of things (vippariṇāma-aṇuppehā/vipariṇāma-anuprekṣā), ...].—Cf Aupapātika Sūtra and Bhagavatī (Bhagavaī), also known as the Vyākhyāprajñapti (Viyāhapannatti).
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
vipariṇāma : (m.) change.
Vipariṇāma, (vi+pariṇāma) change (for the worse), reverse, vicissitude D. III, 216 (°dukkhatā); M. I, 457 (also as “disappointment”); S. II, 274; III, 8; IV, 7 sq. 67 sq.; A. II, 177 (°dhamma subject to change); III, 32; V, 59 sq.; Vbh. 379 (°dhamma); Vism. 499 (°dukkha), 629 sq.; VbhA. 93 (id.); PvA. 60.—a° absence of change, steadfastness D. I, 18; III, 31, 33; DhA. I, 121. (Page 626)
[Pali to Burmese]
1) vipariṇāma—
(Burmese text): (၁) ဖောက်ပြန်ခြင်း--(က) ခန္ဓာငါးပါး ရုပ်နာမ်တရားတို့၏ ဘင်။ (ခ) ရုပ်တရား၏ ဘင်။ (ဂ) အခိုက်အတန့်-အထူး-တစ်မျိုး-သို့ ရောက်ခြင်း။ (ဃ) သဘောမှ ကင်းခြင်း။ (င) မိမိသဘော-ကို စွန့်-ဘင်သို့ ရောက်-ခြင်း။ (စ) ရင့်-ပျက်-ခြင်းတို့ဖြင့်-ဥပါဒ်-ဌီ-အခိုက်အတန့်မှ ပြန်ခြင်း။ (ဆ) အစဉ်၏ ဖောက်ပြန်ခြင်းသို့ ရောက်ခြင်း။ (ဇ) သေခြင်း။ (ဈ) ပျက်စီးခြင်း။ (၂) ဖောက်ပြန်ရာ(အခါ)။ (၁) (ခ) ဝိပရိဏာမလက္ခဏ-ကြည့်။ (၂) ဝိပရိဏာမကာလ-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Breaking out - (a) The essence of the five aggregates. (b) The essence of form. (c) Reaching a particular moment or occurrence. (d) Liberation from feelings. (e) Abandoning one's own feelings. (f) Returning from a particular moment of suffering. (g) Reaching the breaking of the continuum. (h) Death. (i) Dissolution. (2) Circumstance of breaking out - (1) (c) Observing the characteristics of the cessation of suffering. (2) Observing the period of cessation.
2) vipariṇāma—
(Burmese text): ဖောက်ပြန်စေအပ်သည်၏ အဖြစ်။
(Auto-Translation): It appears to be a betrayal.
3) vippariṇāma—
(Burmese text): ဝိပရိဏာမ ၁-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): Viparinama 1 - Look.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम).—
1) A change, an alteration.
2) Change of form, transformation.
3) One of the modes of construing a sentence according to which a word or expression in the sentence is changed so as to suit the general trend in the context. This change may pertain to विभक्ति, लिङग, वचन, पुरुष, काल, अर्थ (vibhakti, liṅaga, vacana, puruṣa, kāla, artha) etc; ŚB. on MS.1.2.1.
Derivable forms: vipariṇāmaḥ (विपरिणामः).
See also (synonyms): vipariṇamana.
Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम).—m. (in Sanskrit neutral word, change; here as in Pali) vicissitude, change for the worse: ṛtu-vipariṇāma Mahāvastu ii.424.4, see ṛtu-pariṇāma; one of the 3 duḥkhatā, q.v., is °ma-du°, Mahāvyutpatti 2231; Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 109.1; Bodhisattvabhūmi 191.16; 280.15; Mahāvastu i.31.9; devā pi…°ma-dharmāṇo Mahāvastu i.31.13; all pleasurable states are °ma-dharma(n), (-dharmin, Mahāvastu i.32.16,) Mahāvastu i.33.10; iii.373.7; Avadāna-śataka ii.169.4; Kāśyapa Parivarta 152.2; anityatāṃ viditvā calatāṃ (mss. cara°) prabhaṅguratāṃ (mss.) °ṇāma-virāga-nirodhatāṃ viditvā Mahāvastu iii.338.1; a-°ṇāma-dharmā (n. sg. m., to °man) Mahāvyutpatti 7287, not subject to…
Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम).—m.
(-maḥ) Change of state or form. E. vi and pari, before ṇam to bow, aff. ghañ .
Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम).—i. e. vi-pari -nam + a, m. Change of state or form.
Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम).—[masculine] change, transformation; adj. min.
1) Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम):—[=vi-pariṇāma] [from vipari-ṇam] m. change, exchange, transformation, [Patañjali; Śaṃkarācārya] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] ripening, maturing, [Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yāska [Scholiast or Commentator]]
Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम):—[vi-pari-ṇāma] (maḥ) 1. m. Change of state.
Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम):—(von nam mit vipari)
1) Veränderung, Umwandelung, Vertauschung [SADDH. Pāṇini’s acht Bücher.4,26,b.] agnihotrādyāhuti [] zu [Bṛhadāranyakopaniṣad] [S. 277.] vibhakti [Patañjali] bei [GOLD.] [MĀN. 173,a.] [Kāśikīvṛtti] zu [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher.3,3,96.] [Kullūka] zu [Manu’s Gesetzbuch.4,189.] —
2) das Reifen: phala [DURGA][?10CĀRYA zu das 1, 20 bei MUIR, Stenzler II, 175.]
Vipariṇama (विपरिणम) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Vipariṇāma.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Vipariṇama (विपरिणम) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Vipariṇam.
2) Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Vipariṇama.
3) Vipariṇāma (विपरिणाम) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Vipariṇāma.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Tta, Parinama, Vipari, Namu, Vi, Namo, Pari, Viparinama, Name, Nama, Na.
Starts with (+14): Viparinama-dukkha, Viparinamabhava, Viparinamadassana, Viparinamadassananana, Viparinamadhamma, Viparinamadukkhaparinna, Viparinamadukkhuppattihetu, Viparinamaggahana, Viparinamakala, Viparinamakara, Viparinamakarana, Viparinamakoti, Viparinamalakkhana, Viparinamannathabhava, Viparinamannathatta, Viparinamanuparivatta, Viparinamanuparivatti, Viparinamanupassana, Viparinamanupassanattha, Viparinamanupreksha.
Full-text (+47): Viparinamita, Viparinamakara, Viparinamarahita, Viparinamavada, Utuviparinama, Viparinamupatthana, Aniccadiviparinama, Vacanaviparinama, Vibhattiviparinama, Viparinamabhava, Viparinamakala, Viparinamavantu, Tabbiparinama, Viparinamasukha, Viparinamakoti, Viparinamannathatta, Upatthakaviparinama, Viparinamanuparivatta, Viparinamanupassana, Viparinama-dukkha.
Relevant text
Search found 17 books and stories containing Viparinama, Vi-pari-namu-na, Vi-pari-namu-ṇa, Vi-pari-namu-nama, Vi-pari-namu-ṇama, Vi-pariṇāma, Vi-parinama, Vipari-nama, Vipari-ṇāma, Vipariṇāma, Vipariṇama, Viparinama-tta, Vipariṇāma-tta, Vipparinama, Vippariṇāma; (plurals include: Viparinamas, nas, ṇas, namas, ṇamas, pariṇāmas, parinamas, ṇāmas, Vipariṇāmas, Vipariṇamas, ttas, Vipparinamas, Vippariṇāmas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
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Part II - The Burden of Dukkha in the Deva World < [The Exposition Of Four Characteristics]
Part IV - The Burden Of Dukkha In The Lower Planes < [The Exposition Of Four Characteristics]
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Page 214 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 2]
Page 264 < [Gujarati-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
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