Vikshana, Vīkṣaṇa, Vīkṣaṇā: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Vikshana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Vīkṣaṇa and Vīkṣaṇā can be transliterated into English as Viksana or Vikshana, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Viskhan.
In Hinduism
Vastushastra (architecture)
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण).—In the Mānasāra, several words denote the synthetic and analytic seeing of the sthapati in the course of making the temple and image. The most commonly occurring are prekṣaṇa, parīkṣaṇa and vīkṣaṇa. They conjoin respectively the prefixes pra, “before, in front of”, pari, “around”, and vi, “apart, asunder” to √īkṣ, “to see”.
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण) or Nirīkṣaṇa refers to “study (of the kuṇḍa ritual)” which is prescribed as one of the operations/ preliminary ceremonies related to the kuṇḍa (“fire-pit”), according to the various Āgamas and related literature. Vīkṣaṇa is mentioned in the Pūrvakāmika-āgama. The Acintyaviśvasādākhya (chapter 14) and the Ajita-āgama (Kriyā-pāda, chapter 21) mentions Vīkṣaṇa as Nirīkṣaṇa.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण) (Cf. Suvīkṣaṇa) refers to “glances”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.18 (“Description of the perturbation caused by Kāma”).—Accordingly, after Śiva described Pārvatī: “After describing her body again and again, recollecting the boon granted by Brahmā, Śiva stopped. When Śiva put His hand within her garment and moved it, she, as is natural to women, bashfully withdrew and kept aloof. O sage, then Pārvatī smilingly laid bare some parts of her body and cast graceful glances [i.e., su-vīkṣaṇa] at Him with great pleasure. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण) refers to one of the five kinds of purification rituals, according to the thirteenth chapter of the Agastyasaṃhitā (agastya-suīkṣṇa-saṃvāda edition), an ancient Pāñcarātra Āgama text dealing with the worship of Rāma, Sītā, Lakṣmaṇa and Hanumān.—[Cf. the pūjādravya-śuddhi]—Aagstya continues to describe the preliminary preparations for the worship of Rāma—that is, after having attended to all the preceding, to purify now the articles of worship with water and mudrās and mantras. There are five kinds of purifications mentioned: by prokṣaṇa, by avokṣaṇa, by vīkṣaṇa, by tāḍana and by arcana. This matter attended to, then the idol itself is purified by bathing it in liquids from four pots (milk, curd, coconut water, perfumed waters), whereupon a second bath is given in pure water. It is pointed out that whosoever does such bathing of the Lord daily will reap great rewards.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण).—n S Looking or seeing.
vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण).—n Looking.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण) or Vīkṣaṇā (वीक्षणा).—
1) Seeing, looking at, sight.
2) A glance.
3) Investigation.
-ṇam An eye; आवव्राते वीक्षणे च क्षणेन (āvavrāte vīkṣaṇe ca kṣaṇena) Śiśupālavadha 18.3.
2) (In astrol.) Aspect of the planets.
Derivable forms: vīkṣaṇam (वीक्षणम्).
Vikṣaṇa (विक्षण).—Adv. n.
(-ṇaṃ) Momentarily, for a moment. E. vi, kṣaṇa a moment.
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Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण).—nf.
(-ṇaṃ-ṇā) Sight, seeing. E. vi before īkṣ to see, aff. lyuṭ .
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण).—i. e. vi-īkṣ + ana, n. Sight, seeing.
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण).—[neuter] looking, viewing, considering; sight, eye.
1) Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण):—[from vīkṣa > vīkṣ] n. (ifc. f(ā). ) looking at, seeing, inspection, investigation, [???; Mahābhārata] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] a glance, gaze, [Kāvya literature; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
3) [v.s. ...] the eye, [Śiśupāla-vadha xviii, 30]
4) [v.s. ...] (in [astrology]) aspect of the planets, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
1) Vikṣaṇa (विक्षण):—[vi-kṣaṇa] (ṇaṃ) adv. For a moment.
2) Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण):—[vī+kṣaṇa] (ṇaṃ-ṇā) 1. n. f. Idem.
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण):—(von īkṣ mit vi) n.
1) das Schauen [Kauśika’s Sūtra zum Atuarvaveda 65.] yaścakṣurādyairapi nipuṇatamo vīkṣaṇādikriyāsu [Oxforder Handschriften 143,b, No. 295.] das Anschauen, Anblicken: gavāṃ ravivīkṣaṇam [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 28, 8.] vīkṣaṇaṃ rājadāsīnām nācacāra saḥ [Rājataraṅgiṇī 3, 155.] yanmukhavīkṣaṇaikavidhura [KUSUM. 42, 7.] anyonyaṃ kṛtavīkṣaṇau sich gegenseitig anblickend [Mahābhārata 2, 905.] Betrachtung, Durchmusterung: rathyālivīkṣaṇaniveśitaloladṛṣṭi [Spr. (II) 2497.] unter den [18] saṃskārāḥ kuṇḍānām [Oxforder Handschriften 105,a,33.] Blick: ardhakaṭākṣavīkṣaṇaiḥ [Spr. 3319.] sasmerāpāṅgavīkṣaṇaiḥ [PAÑCAR. 4, 6, 6.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 6, 18, 27. 8, 9, 18.] mudita adj. [6, 14, 57.] kaṭākṣavīkṣaṇā adj. f. [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 12, 9.] —
2) in der Astrol. aspectus planetarum [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka 2, 13. 3, 5. 4, 11. 19, 4. 9.]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण) [Also spelled viskhan]:—(nm) observance/observing, seeing; ~[ṇīya] worth observance/seeing.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Vīkṣaṇa (ವೀಕ್ಷಣ):—
1) [noun] the act of seeing.
2) [noun] the act of looking; glance; a look.
3) [noun] the act of observing intently or with interest; observation.
4) [noun] the organ of sight; the eye.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Vīkṣaṇa (वीक्षण):—n. 1. observation; examination; 2. eye; 3. seeing; looking at;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Vikshanam, Vikshanamandapa, Vikshanasahatva.
Full-text (+27): Udvikshana, Samvikshana, Ardhavikshana, Vikshanam, Arddhavikshana, Avikshana, Duravikshana, Apangavikshana, Vikshanasahatva, Kshanavikshana, Prativikshana, Pratyakshavikshana, Duravikshanayamtra, Apangakavikshana, Pratyayavikshana, Anuvikshana, Vikshanamandapa, Suvikshana, Vikshane, Vikshe.
Relevant text
Search found 14 books and stories containing Vikshana, Vi-kṣaṇa, Vi-ksana, Vi-kshana, Vīkṣaṇa, Viksana, Vīkṣaṇā, Vikṣaṇa; (plurals include: Vikshanas, kṣaṇas, ksanas, kshanas, Vīkṣaṇas, Viksanas, Vīkṣaṇās, Vikṣaṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 2.16.33 < [Chapter 16 - The Worship of Tulasī]
Verse 8.13.103 < [Chapter 13 - A Thousand Names of Lord Balarāma]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 329 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 117 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 2]
Page 351 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 1]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 2.1.255 < [Part 1 - Ecstatic Excitants (vibhāva)]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Page 303 < [Volume 3 (1874)]
Soma in Vedic Mythology and Ritual (study) (by Anjana Chakraborty)