Vikrita, Vikṛta: 21 definitions
Introduction:
Vikrita means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Vikṛta can be transliterated into English as Vikrta or Vikrita, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Vikrat.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaVikṛta (विकृत).—It is mentioned in Mahābhārata, Śānti Parva, Chapter 196, that this was the name adopted by Kāmadeva (Cupid) when he argued with Ikṣvāku, in the form of a Brahmin.
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationVikṛta (विकृत) is the name of a leader of Gaṇas (Gaṇapa or Gaṇeśvara or Gaṇādhipa) who came to Kailāsa, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.20. Accordingly, after Śiva decided to become the friend of Kubera:—“[...] The leaders of Gaṇas revered by the whole world and of high fortune arrived there. [...] The leader of the Gaṇas, Śaṅkhakarṇa came there with a crore of his Gaṇas; Kekarākṣa with ten crores and Vikṛta with eight crores.. [...]”.
These [viz., Vikṛta] and other leaders of Gaṇas [viz., Gaṇapas] were all powerful (mahābala) and innumerable (asaṃkhyāta). [...] The Gaṇa chiefs and other noble souls of spotless splendour eagerly reached there desirous of seeing Śiva. Reaching the spot they saw Śiva, bowed to and eulogised him.
Vikṛta participated in Vīrabhadra’s campaign against Dakṣa, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.33. Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“O Nārada, listen to the numerical strength of the most important and courageous of those groups. [...] The chief of Gaṇas—Śaṅkukarṇa went ahead with ten crores of his attendants; Kekarākṣa with ten crores and Vikṛta with eight crores. [...] Thus at the bidding of Śiva, the heroic Vīrabhadra went ahead followed by crores and crores, thousands and thousands, hundreds and hundreds of Gaṇas [viz., Vikṛta]”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexVikṛta (विकृत).—A son of Pauruṣeya Rākṣasa.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 7. 93.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarVikṛta (विकृत).—Mutilated, changed in nature e. g. the word राम (rāma) into रम् (ram) in रामौ (rāmau) which is equivalent to राम् (rām) + औ. For technical purposes in grammar a word, although mutilated a little by lopa, agama or varnavikara, is looked upon as the original one for undergoing operations; cf एकदेशवि-कृतमनन्यवत् (ekadeśavi-kṛtamananyavat) Par. Sek. Pari. 37.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) Vikṛta (विकृत) refers to “one who is deformed”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, while describing the signs of one who is not a Siddha: “He is excessively tall, bald, deformed [i.e., vikṛta], short, dwarfish, his nose is ugly or he has black teeth and is wrathful. Some of his limbs are missing and is deceitful, cripple and deformed [i.e., vikṛta], foolish, inauspicious, envious, deluded, badly behaved, and violent; [...]. Such is the characteristic of one who is not accomplished (asiddha) in a past life”.
2) Vikṛta (विकृत) refers to one of the eight Servants (ceṭa-aṣṭaka) associated with Tisrapīṭha (located in the ‘end of sound’—nādānta), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra.—[...] The eight Servants (ceṭāṣṭaka): Caṇḍākṣa, Lampaṭa, Kṛṣṇa, Vikṛta, Bhāsurānana, Kapila, Kālaka, Bhramara.
3) Vikṛtā (विकृता) refers to one of the eight Yoginīs (yoginī-aṣṭaka) associated with Nādapīṭha (identified with Kulūta), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra.—[...] The eight Yoginīs (yoginyaṣṭaka): Vīrabhadrā, Kālī, Kapālī, Vikṛtā, Kroṣṭāṅgī, Vāmabhadrā, Vāyuvegā, Hayānanā.—(Note the variants Vikarā and Līvilā)
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraVikṛta (विकृत) refers to the twenty-fourth of the sixty-year cycle of Jupiter, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 8), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The first year of the next yuga sacred to Tvaṣṭā is known as Sarvajit. The next year is known as Sarvadhārin. The next three years are—Virodhī, Vikṛta and Khara: in the second of these, mankind will be happy and they will be afflicted with fears in the other years”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra TantraVikṛta (विकृत) refers to an “altered (self)” (in dreams), according to the Svacchanda-tantra.—Accordingly, [verse 4.21-27, while describing inauspicious dreams]—“[...] [He] who sees black and red garments or an altered self (vikṛta-ātmā) [has inauspicious dreams]. In dreams [he] laughs and dances while [he] wears faded garlands, cuts up one's own flesh. [He dreams of] captivity, being eaten by a black snake, and [dreams of] a wedding. [If he] sees this in dreams, he is not successful”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgricultureVikṛta (विकृत) refers to a “transformed (face)” (according to the Jvalitavajrāśanituṇḍā-dhāraṇī) [i.e., jvalitavikṛtavaktra], according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryvikṛta (विकृत).—p S That has undergone a modification or change; altered, transformed, transfigured. 3 Affected with the feeling of disgust or aversion: also estranged, alienated or turned from. 4 Used popularly as s n in the sense of Nausea or loathing.
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vikrīta (विक्रीत).—p S Sold.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishvikṛta (विकृत).—f Altered, transformed. Estrang- ed. n Nausea, loathing.
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vikṛta (विकृत) [-ti, -ति].—f Any disorder. Any passion.
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vikrīta (विक्रीत).—p Sold. vikrēya a Saleable.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryVikṛta (विकृत).—p. p.
1) Changed, altered, modified.
2) Sick, diseased.
3) Mutilated, deformed, disfigured; दृष्ट्वा तथैव विकृतं रथं मृत्युसमन्वितम् (dṛṣṭvā tathaiva vikṛtaṃ rathaṃ mṛtyusamanvitam) Rām.7.22.9; Manusmṛti 9.291.
4) Incomplete, imperfect.
5) Affected by passion or emotion.
6) Averse from, disgusted with.
7) Loathsome.
8) Strange, extraordinary.
9) Unnatural.
1) Perverted, spoiled.
11) Estranged, disloyal; Rām.2.39. 22; see विकृ (vikṛ) above.
-tam 1 Change, modification.
2) Change for the worse, sickness.
3) Aversion, disgust.
4) Harm, misdeed; तच्छ्रुत्वा पार्थिवेन्द्रस्य रक्षसा विकृतं च तत् (tacchrutvā pārthivendrasya rakṣasā vikṛtaṃ ca tat) Rām.7.65.34.
5) Abortion; बालश्च न प्रमीयन्ते विकृतं न च जायते (bālaśca na pramīyante vikṛtaṃ na ca jāyate) Manusmṛti 9.247.
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Vikrīta (विक्रीत).—p. p. Sold; विक्रीते करिणि किमङ्कुशे विवादः (vikrīte kariṇi kimaṅkuśe vivādaḥ) Subhāṣ.
-tam Sale; योगाधमनविक्रीतम् (yogādhamanavikrītam) Manusmṛti 8.165.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryVikṛta (विकृत).—(1) (nt.? = AMg. vigaya = vikār utpanna karnevālā…, objects that cause a change, [Ardha-Māgadhī Dictionary]), alterant, deteriorating substance (affecting ornaments): Daśabhūmikasūtra 72.18 (jātarūpaṃ supariniṣṭhitaṃ…) asaṃhāryaṃ bha- vati…ābharaṇavikṛtaiḥ; same 81.18; (2) foul, filthy (things to eat, prescribed for snakebite): Mūla-Sarvāstivāda-Vinaya i.286.2 ff.; defined 8 as dung, urine, ashes, earth (so Pali Vin. i.206.8, here mahāvikaṭāni).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryVikṛta (विकृत).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Entertaining the feeling of disgust, averse, estranged. 2. Sick, diseased. 3. Altered, changed, either in form or feeling. 4. Imperfect, unfinished, incomplete. 5. Overcome by feeling or passion. 6. Strange, extraordinary. 7. Loathsome, hideous. n.
(-taṃ) 1. Disgust, aversion. 2. Sickness. 3. Change. E. vi implying reverse, and kṛta made.
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Vikrīta (विक्रीत).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) Sold. E. vi before, krī to buy, aff. kta .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryVikṛta (विकृत).—[adjective] altered, changed, deformed, diseased, imperfect, unfinished, unnatural, artificial; inlaid or adorned with (—°). [neuter] change, alteration, monstrous birth.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Vikṛta (विकृत):—[=vi-kṛta] [from vi-kṛ] mfn. transformed, altered, changed etc.
2) [v.s. ...] ([especially]) deformed, disfigured, mutilated, maimed, unnatural, strange, extraordinary, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] unaccomplished, incomplete, [Ṛg-veda ii, 33, 6]
4) [v.s. ...] ugly (as a face), [Mahābhārata]
5) [v.s. ...] estranged, rebellious, disloyal, hostile, [ib.]
6) [v.s. ...] decorated, embellished, set with ([compound]), [ib.]
7) [v.s. ...] (with vadha m.) capital punishment with mutilation, [Manu-smṛti ix, 291]
8) [v.s. ...] sick, diseased, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) [v.s. ...] m. the 24th year in Jupiter’s cycle of 60 years, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
10) [v.s. ...] Name of a Prajā-pati, [Rāmāyaṇa] ([varia lectio] vi-krīta and vi-krānta)
11) [v.s. ...] of a demon (the son of Pari-varta), [Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa]
12) Vikṛtā (विकृता):—[=vi-kṛtā] [from vi-kṛta > vi-kṛ] f. Name of a Yoginī, [Hemādri’s Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi]
13) Vikṛta (विकृत):—[=vi-kṛta] [from vi-kṛ] n. change, alteration, [Vopadeva]
14) [v.s. ...] disgust, aversion, [Horace H. Wilson]
15) [v.s. ...] misshaped offspring, abortion, [Manu-smṛti ix, 247]
16) [v.s. ...] untimely silence caused by embarrassment, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa] ([varia lectio] vi-hṛta)
17) Vikrīta (विक्रीत):—[=vi-krīta] [from vi-kraya > vi-krī] mfn. sold, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
18) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a Prajā-pati, [Rāmāyaṇa] ([varia lectio] vi-kṛta and vi-krānta)
19) [v.s. ...] n. sale, [Manu-smṛti viii, 165.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Vikṛta (विकृत):—[vi-kṛta] (taḥ-tā-taṃ) a. Averse, disgusted, sick, altered, overcome, imperfect. n. Disgust.
2) Vikrīta (विक्रीत):—[vi-krīta] (taḥ-tā-taṃ) a. Sold.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Vikṛta (विकृत) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Viaḍa, Viuvvia, Vigaya.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Vikṛta (विकृत) [Also spelled vikrat]:—(a) deformed, defiled; mutilated; changed (for the worse); deviated from the natural course, perverted; distorted; disordered; strained; oblique; ~[darśana] deformed, (turned) ugly; —[rūpa] oblique form; ~[svara] (having) a hoarse voice.
2) Vikrīta (विक्रीत) [Also spelled vikrit]:—(a) sold.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusVikṛta (ವಿಕೃತ):—
1) [adjective] altered; changed; transformed.
2) [adjective] deformed; mutilated; maimed; ugly.
3) [adjective] inspiring dread; dreadful; awesome.
4) [adjective] diseased; sick.
5) [adjective] wicked; depraved; evil.
6) [adjective] abominable; loathsome; nasty; disgusting.
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Vikṛta (ವಿಕೃತ):—
1) [noun] he who has changed, transformed.
2) [noun] the quality or fact of being ugly or offensive to look at; ugliness.
3) [noun] the quality that causes loathing, disgusting.
4) [noun] a feeling of this; loathsomeness; abhorrence.
5) [noun] the quality of being strange or unnatural; strangeness; unnaturalness.
6) [noun] a sick person.
7) [noun] the abnormal state, condition of the mind, as misapprehension, wrong opinions, illusion, etc.
8) [noun] a man in a wretched state.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) Vikṛta (विकृत):—adj. 1. mutilated; disfigured; deformed; 2. sick; diseased; infirm; 3. modified; altered; 4. incomplete; imperfect; 5. unnatural; 6. disgusted with;
2) Vikrīta (विक्रीत):—adj. sold;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+15): Vikrita-samracana, Vikrita-vishada, Vikritabuddhi, Vikritadamshtra, Vikritadamta, Vikritadarshana, Vikritadesha, Vikritajananashantividhana, Vikritajna, Vikritakala, Vikritakama, Vikritakami, Vikritakara, Vikritakritanushaya, Vikritakriti, Vikritaksha, Vikritakshi, Vikritalocana, Vikritamanas, Vikritamgi.
Ends with (+3): Anavikrita, Angavikrita, Antahpadavikrita, Anyavikrita, Asvikrita, Avikrita, Balakharvikrita, Devikrita, Dravikrita, Ekadeshavikrita, Jvalitavikrita, Kharvikrita, Kurchikavikrita, Kurcikavikrita, Navikrita, Plavikrita, Prahvikrita, Snayuvikrita, Svayamvikrita, Svikrita.
Full-text (+99): Avikrita, Viada, Viuvvia, Vikritanga, Vikritakara, Vigaya, Vikritaveshin, Vikritatva, Vikritavadana, Vikritabuddhi, Vaikritya, Vihrita, Veshin, Vikritadarshana, Vikritadamshtra, Vikritarakta, Vikritalocana, Vikritamurdhaja, Vikritajananashantividhana, Vikriti.
Relevant text
Search found 34 books and stories containing Vikrita, Vi-krita, Vi-krīta, Vi-kṛta, Vi-krta, Vi-kṛtā, Vikrīta, Vikṛta, Vikrta, Vikṛtā; (plurals include: Vikritas, kritas, krītas, kṛtas, krtas, kṛtās, Vikrītas, Vikṛtas, Vikrtas, Vikṛtās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 9.246-247 < [Section XXXIII - Disposal of the Fine realised from the Worst Offenders]
Verse 9.291 < [Section XXXVIII - Treatment of Criminals and their Punishment]
Verse 9.288 < [Section XXXVIII - Treatment of Criminals and their Punishment]
Dramaturgy in the Venisamhara (by Debi Prasad Namasudra)
Description of Prahasana < [Chapter 2 - Nature and Classification of Sanskrit Drama]
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 3.2.13 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (2): Dravya-samuddeśa (On Substance)]
Verse 2.107 < [Book 2 - Vākya-kāṇḍa]
Verse 3.2.12 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (2): Dravya-samuddeśa (On Substance)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 2.38.6 < [Sukta 38]
Yajnavalkya-smriti (Vyavaharadhyaya)—Critical study (by Kalita Nabanita)
Chapter 4.6 - King’s Control over Economy < [Chapter 4 - The Political Aspect Reflected in the Vyavahārādhyāya]
Chapter 3.4 - Different kinds of Sons < [Chapter 3 - The Social Aspect Depicted in the Vyavahārādhyāya]
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)