Vicarana, Vicāraṇā, Vicaraṇa: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Vicarana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Vicharana.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationVicāraṇa (विचारण) refers to “hesitation (regarding a particular matter)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.16 (“Brahmā consoles the gods”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā said to Tāraka: “You are ruling over our heaven which contains the essence of all brilliance. You are desirous of getting more than what you bargained for at the time of your penance. I granted you a boon but not the kingdom of heaven. Hence leave off this region. You can rule over the earth. O best of Asuras, even there you can achieve the fruit of your activities as here in Devaloka. There is nothing to hesitate in this matter [i.e., vicāraṇa]. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric TraditionsVicāraṇa (विचारण) refers to “consideration (of what is to be eaten)”, according to the Mālinīvijayottaratantra, chapter 18 (“appropriate conduct of the accomplished Yogin”) verses 18.74-81 (as quoted in the Tantrāloka verse 4.213-221ab).—Accordingly, “There is no purity here, nor impurity, no consideration (vicāraṇa) of what is to be eaten, etc. There is no duality, nor non-duality, and no (requirement to perform) acts of devotion to the liṅga, etc. There is similarly no (requisite) abandoning of those [acts], nor the (required) renunciation of material possessions, nor again any (requirement regarding the) accumulation of material possessions. There is no (requisite) maintenance of twisted locks of hair [jaṭā], of (smearing oneself with) sacred ashes, or the like, nor any (requisite) abandoning of the same. [...]”.
Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra TantraVicāraṇā (विचारणा) refers to “doubt”, according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 19.129-133, while describing daily rituals]—“[The Mantrin] performs daily fire rites for the prosperity of the kingdom of kings. The [king] enjoys the kingdom happily, there is no doubt (vicāraṇā—rājyaṃ nātra kāryā vicāraṇā). [His] enemies, etc., disappear, even through one pūjā. Overcome, they escape into to the ten directions like deer etc., from a lion. Poverty disappears from the [king's] family through the continual application of the rites. [...]”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryvicaraṇa : (nt.) walking; going about. || vicāraṇa (nt.), investigation; management; planning. vicāraṇā (nt.) investigation; management; planning.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryVicaraṇa, (adj. -nt.) (fr. vicarati) going about, circulating, moving, travelling J. V, 484 (°bhaṇḍa travelling merchandise). (Page 615)
— or —
Vicāraṇā, (f.) & a° (nt.) (fr. vicāreti) 1. investigation, search, attention Sn. 1108, 1109 (f. & nt.); J. III, 73 (°paññā).—2. arranging, planning, looking after; scheme J. I, 220; II, 404 (yuddha°); VI, 333 sq. (Page 615)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryvicāraṇa (विचारण).—n S Considering, investigating, pondering.
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vicāraṇā (विचारणा).—f S Considering or investigating; exercising judgment or reason upon. 2 A perplexity or trouble; a case or occurrence demanding anxious thought. This latter sense is popular.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryVicaraṇa (विचरण).—
1) Wandering.
2) Motion.
Derivable forms: vicaraṇam (विचरणम्).
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Vicāraṇa (विचारण).—
1) Discussion, consideration, examination, deliberation, investigation; तच्छ्रण्वन् विपठन् विचारणपरो भक्त्या विमुच्येन्नरः (tacchraṇvan vipaṭhan vicāraṇaparo bhaktyā vimucyennaraḥ) Bhāgavata 12.13.18.
2) Doubt, hesitation.
Derivable forms: vicāraṇam (विचारणम्).
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Vicāraṇā (विचारणा).—
1) Examination, discussion, investigation.
2) Reflection, consideration, thought.
3) Hesitation, doubt; भवित्री तत्र वैदेहि न मेऽस्त्यत्र विचारणा (bhavitrī tatra vaidehi na me'styatra vicāraṇā) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 3.282.57; 14.53.21.
4) The Mīmāṃsā system of philosophy.
5) Distinction, kind.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryVicāraṇa (विचारण).—nf.
(-ṇaṃ-ṇā) 1. Deliberation, investigation, the exercise of judgment, or decision after due examination or discussion. 2. Doubt, hesitation. f.
(-ṇā) 1. The Mimansa system of philosophy. 2. Doubt. 3. Examination, &c. E. vi, car to go, causal form, aff. lyuṭ .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryVicāraṇa (विचारण).—i. e. vi-car, [Causal.], + ana, I. n., and f. ṇā. 1. Deliberation, [Hitopadeśa] 51, 22; investigation, [Prabodhacandrodaya, (ed. Brockhaus.)] 100, 3. 2. Hesitation, doubt, [Nala] 13, 27. Ii. f. ṇā, The Mīmāṃsā system of philosophy.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryVicāraṇa (विचारण).—[neuter] ṇā [feminine] change of place; reflection, deliberation, examination, hesitation, doubt.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Vicaraṇa (विचरण):—[=vi-caraṇa] [from vi] 1. vi-caraṇa mfn. (for 2. See vi-√car) footless, [Mahābhārata]
2) [=vi-caraṇa] [from vi-car] 2. vi-caraṇa n. (for 1. See p. 950, col. 2) wandering, motion, [Suśruta]
3) Vicāraṇa (विचारण):—[=vi-cāraṇa] [from vi-cāra > vi-car] n. (also f(ā). ) consideration, reflexion, discussion, doubt, hesitation, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] changing a place (only n.), [Suśruta]
5) Vicāraṇā (विचारणा):—[=vi-cāraṇā] [from vi-cāraṇa > vi-cāra > vi-car] f. distinction, kind, [Caraka]
6) [v.s. ...] Name of the Mīmāṃsā system of philosophy, [Horace H. Wilson]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryVicāraṇa (विचारण):—[vi-cāraṇa] (ṇaṃ-ṇā) 1. n. f. Deliberation, investigation. f. The Mimāṃgsā philosophy.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Vicaraṇa (विचरण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Viaraṇa, Viāraṇa, Viāraṇā.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Vicāraṇa (विचारण) [Also spelled vicharan]:—(nm) thinking, reflecting, contemplating, reasoning, considering; ideation.
2) Vicāraṇā (विचारणा):—(nf) thought/thinking, contemplation, reasoning.
3) Vicāranā (विचारना) [Also spelled vicharna]:—(a) to think, to deliberate on, to consider.
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See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Vicaranadhikari, Vicaranai, Vicaranaparayana, Vicaranasamiti, Vicaranatha.
Ends with: Anuvicarana, Avicarana, Chandonamavicarana, Dvicarana, Pravicarana, Shudrakrityavicarana, Sthairyavicarana, Yogavicarana.
Full-text (+2): Viarana, Vicara, Pravicarana, Carci, Shudrakrityavicarana, Avicarana, Shudrakrityavicaranatattva, Vicharna, Sthairyavicarana, Avicaranat, Socana, Vicalana, Vicharan, Shudrakritya, Asamsakta, Sochna, Vitanati, Shakuna, Paricarana, Shakun.
Relevant text
Search found 25 books and stories containing Vicarana, Vicāraṇā, Vicaraṇa, Vicāraṇa, Vi-carana, Vi-caraṇa, Vi-cāraṇa, Vi-cāraṇā, Vicāranā; (plurals include: Vicaranas, Vicāraṇās, Vicaraṇas, Vicāraṇas, caranas, caraṇas, cāraṇas, cāraṇās, Vicāranās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 7.10 - Contemplations regarding suffering (duḥkha) < [Chapter 7 - The Five Vows]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.3.60 < [Chapter 3 - Prapañcātīta (beyond the Material Plane)]
Verse 1.1.6 < [Chapter 1 - Bhauma (the earthly plane)]
Thirty minor Upanishads (by K. Narayanasvami Aiyar)
Yoga-sutras (Ancient and Modern Interpretations) (by Makarand Gopal Newalkar)
Sūtra 2.27 < [Book II - Sādhana-pāda]
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