Vartula: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Vartula means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Vartul.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Rasashastra (Alchemy and Herbo-Mineral preparations)
Vartula (वर्तुल) is a Sanskrit technical term translating to “cube like” and is used throughout Rasaśāstra literature, such as the Rasaprakāśasudhākara.
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
1) Vartula (वर्तुल) refers to a “globular” type of the Varāṭaka (style) part of a Puṣpa (“flower”); and represents a technical term related to the morphology branch of “plant science”, which ultimately involves the study of life history of plants, including its origin and development, their external and internal structures and the relation of the members of the plant body with one another.—The different parts of puṣpa (flower) are, e.g., varāṭaka (Style):—The outermost whorl which covers the floral bud is called jālaka. Enclosed within it is the puṣpadala, the Corolla. The Corolla encloses the keśara. Within it lies the bījadhāra; on the top of it, the varāṭaka or the Style is placed, being encircled by the staminal whorl. The Style is the seat of seed formation. In other words: The portion on the top of the ovary which remains surrounded by the stamens and within which seeds are produced is called the varāṭaka. It may have one, two or many stigmas depending on the flower. The stigmas may be separate or united. The Style may be long tubular; short or globular (vartula). The region which connects the ovary and the Style (varāṭaka) is called the varāṭasaṅga.
2) Vartula (वर्तुल) or Vartulabīja refers to “round seeds”; representing a type of the Bīja (“seed”) part of plants.—Seeds (bījas) are of different types. Some are long, some round (vartula-bīja), some roundish; other may be flat, some may be winged. Some may be coarse and others fine. Again in some cases seeds are provided with sharp edged outgrowth. This kind of seed is called. Seeds germinate on the soiling due course of time. In case of an epiphytic plant seeds germinate on the trunk of a tree.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Vartula (वर्तुल):—A property of material
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Vartula (वर्तुल):—The Sanskrit name for a classification of a ‘temple’, according to the 2nd century Matsyapurāṇa and the Viśvakarmaprakāśa, both featuring a list of 20 temple types. This list represents the classification of temples in South-India.
Vartula is found in another list in the Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra, chapter 63, where it is listed in the group named Nāgara, containing 20 different prāsādas (temples/buildings).
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Vartula (वर्तुल) or Vartulākṛti refers to the “globular form (of the earth)”, as mentioned in the Yogavasistha 7.126 (“Resuscitation and conduct of the Vipaschitas”).—Accordingly, as Vasiṣṭha narrated: “Hear now, Rama, of the Vipaschitas, in all their wanderings amidst the forests of tala and tamala trees, upon the hills and in the islands of different sides. [...] He ascended to the top of the polar mount, which pierced the starry sphere; and as he was seated upon it, he was beheld in the light of a star by the beholders below. Beyond that spot and afar from this highest mountain, lay the deep and dark abyss of infinite void. Here was the end of the globular form of this earth [i.e., vartula-ākṛti—tato bhūgolako'yaṃ hi samāpto vartulākṛtiḥ], and beyond it was the vacuity of the sky, of fathomless depth, and full of impervious darkness. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Vartula (वर्तुल) refers to a “round shape”, according to the Ṭīkā (commentary) on the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “Now in order to explain the external purification of the sacred seats, their lords and the rest in accord with the three lineages, the condition of their (counterparts) within the (subtle) body is described next. ‘The shape of a Kadamba bud...’ (The Point) between the eyebrows, in the location of the Command, round (vartula) and full of energy, is shaped like a Kadamba bud. (It is perceived) in concentration. Most lovely, it is beautiful. [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Vartula (वर्तुल) refers to a “circle”, according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly, [while describing the Merit Circle (guṇacakra)]: “[...] He should make [mantras of all Yoginīs] on all circles [in this manner]. Outside that, he should give a circle (vartula), [on which there are] two lines [colored] black and dark blue. Gates, arched doorways, and altars are [on the circle], adorned with garlands of pearls and half-garlands of pearls. [...] Two colors should be evenly assigned [to them] in accordance with the [directions they] face, respectively. [...]”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Biology (plants and animals)
1) Vartula in India is the name of a plant defined with Jasminum sambac in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Nyctanthes undulata L. (among others).
2) Vartula is also identified with Pisum sativum It has the synonym Lathyrus oleraceus Lam. (etc.).
3) Vartula is also identified with Strychnos nux-vomica It has the synonym Strychnos spireana Dop (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Journal of Cytology and Genetics (1989)
· Vicieae Database Project, Southampton University (1986)
· Protoplasma (1979)
· Cytologia (1991)
· Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. (1845)
· Prodromus Stirpium in Horto ad Chapel Allerton vigentium (1796)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Vartula, for example diet and recipes, extract dosage, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, side effects, health benefits, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
vartula (वर्तुल).—n A circle. a Circular.
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vartūḷa (वर्तूळ).—n A circle. a Circular.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Vartula (वर्तुल).—a. [vṛt-ulac Uṇādi-sūtra 1.93] Round, circular, globular.
-laḥ 1 A kind of pulse, a pea.
2) A ball.
-lam A circle.
-lā f. The end-ball of a spindle (to assist its rotation).
Vartula (वर्तुल).—(? text Vattula), name of a yakṣa: Samādhirājasūtra p. 43 line 21. Cf. Vartula Sanskrit Lex., name of an attendant of Śiva.
Vartula (वर्तुल).— (vb. vṛt), I. adj. Round, circular, [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 5, 10. Ii. m. 1. A ball. 2. A pea. Iii. f. lā, A ball at the end of a spindle to assist its rotation.
Vartula (वर्तुल).—[adjective] round; [neuter] a circle.
1) Vartula (वर्तुल):—[from varta] mf(ā)n. round, circular, globular, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa; Vetāla-pañcaviṃśatikā; Hemādri’s Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi]
2) [v.s. ...] m. a kind of pea, [Madanavinoda]
3) [v.s. ...] a ball, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) [v.s. ...] Name of one of Śiva’s attendants, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) Vartulā (वर्तुला):—[from vartula > varta] f. a ball at the end of a spindle to assist its rotation, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) Vartula (वर्तुल):—[from varta] n. a circle, [Catalogue(s)]
7) [v.s. ...] the bulb of a kind of onion, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Vartula (वर्तुल):—(wie eben)
1) adj. rund [Amarakoṣa.3,2,19.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa.3,3,182.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi] [?1467.Halāyudha.4,68. Weber’s Indische Studien.2,262. Bhāgavatapurāṇa.5,16,5. WEBER, KṚṢṆAJ. 279. Oxforder Handschriften 96,b,12. Siddhāntakaumudī zu Pāṇini’s acht Bücher.3,1,15. Vetālapañcaviṃśati in Lassen’s Anthologie (III)4,13. Mahīdhara zu Vājasaneyisaṃhitā.5,22. PAÑCAR.1,7,34. 14,57.] vartulākāra adj. [7, 15. 2, 2, 87.] vartulākṛta (wohl vartulākṛti) dass. [1, 7, 46.] —
2) m. a) eine Erbsenart [Śabdamālā im Śabdakalpadruma] — b) Nomen proprium eines Wesens im Gefolge Śiva’s [VYĀḌI] beim Schol. zu [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 210.] —
3) f. ā Spinnwirtel [Hārāvalī 213.] —
4) f. ī Scindapsus officinalis Schott. [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] —
5) n. a) Kreis [Algebra 87.] — b) die Knolle einer Zwiebelart [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] — Vgl. phala .
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Vartula (वर्तुल):—
2) b) zu streichen, da daselbst hṛdayodvartana zu lesen ist.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Vartula (वर्तुल) [Also spelled vartul]:—(a) rotund, round, spherical, circular; ~[latā] roundness, rotundity; ~[lākāra] rotundus, spherical, circular; ~[lana] rounding.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Vartula (ವರ್ತುಲ):—
1) [adjective] in the shape of a circle; round; circular.
2) [adjective] shaped like a sphere; spherical; globular.
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Vartula (ವರ್ತುಲ):—
1) [noun] that which is round; a circle.
2) [noun] a round body having the surface qually distant from the centre at all points; a ball; a globe; a sphere.
3) [noun] the round, edible seed of the plant Pisum sativum of Papilionaceae family; pea.
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Vartuḷa (ವರ್ತುಳ):—[adjective] = ವರ್ತುಲ [vartula]1.
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Vartuḷa (ವರ್ತುಳ):—[noun] = ವರ್ತುಲ [vartula]2.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Vartula (वर्तुल):—adj. round; circular; globular; n. a circle;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Vartulabija, Vartulabija, Vartulaka, Vartulakaar, Vartulakalaya, Vartulakara, Vartulakaraka, Vartulakari, Vartulakhanda, Vartulakriti, Vartulaksha, Vartulakshi, Vartulanritya, Vartulatantra, Vartulavayu.
Full-text (+30): Ativartula, Vartulakara, Vartulatantra, Parivartula, Phalavartula, Suvartula, Dirghavartula, Vartulakriti, Vattula, Vartulavayu, Vishavartula, Vartuli, Vartulanritya, Hridayodvartana, Nagara, Vartual, Parivarttulam, Vartulakari, Vartulaka, Mandalay.
Relevant text
Search found 38 books and stories containing Vartula, Vartūḷa, Vartūla, Vartulā, Vartuḷa; (plurals include: Vartulas, Vartūḷas, Vartūlas, Vartulās, Vartuḷas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 3.10.3 < [Chapter 10 - The Glory of Śrī Girirāja]
Verse 6.4.24 < [Chapter 4 - Journey to the City of Kuṇḍina]
Verse 4.14.2 < [Chapter 14 - The Story of the Jālandharīs]
Vishnudharmottara Purana (Art and Architecture) (by Bhagyashree Sarma)
4. Divisions of Painting (Citra) < [Chapter 5 - Painting and Image Making]
4. The Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa and Temple Architecture of India < [Chapter 6 - Modern Relevance of Different Art Forms and Architecture]
Matsya Purana (critical study) (by Kushal Kalita)
Part 2.2 - Temple (prāsāda) architecture in the Matsyapurāṇa < [Chapter 7 - Art and Architecture in the Matsyapurāṇa]
Isanasivagurudeva Paddhati (study) (by J. P. Prajith)
10. Description of Homa-vidhi (or Agnikarya-vidhi) (sacrificial rites) < [Chapter 4 - Worship of Gods and Goddesses]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
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