Vakparushya, Vac-parushya, Vākpāruṣya: 10 definitions
Introduction:
Vakparushya means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Vākpāruṣya can be transliterated into English as Vakparusya or Vakparushya, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-śāstra1) Vākpāruṣya (वाक्पारुष्य) refers to “reviling, etc.” (cruelty of speech). It is part of an eightfold set (of activities) born of Anger, according to the Manubhāṣya verse 7.48.
2) Vākpāruṣya (वाक्पारुष्य) refers to “verbal assaults”, and is commonly classified as one of the eighteen vyavahārapada, or “law titles” in the ancient Dharmaśāstras. These vyavahārapadas are categories of ‘legal procedures’ and define a major type of crime for which a person may be tried. The term is derived from vyavahāra (“lawsuits” or “case”) which defines the case between the plaintiff and the defendant, which is often related to social and commercial transactions.
Vākpāruṣya i s mentioned in the following sources as one of the eighteen vyavahārapadas: the Arthaśāstra (3.16.38), the Manusmṛti (8.4-7), the Yājñavalkyasmṛti (2.5) and the Nāradasmṛti (mātṛkā 1.30).
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaVākpāruṣya (वाक्पारुष्य).—(Using harsh words). One of the wrongs brought under the rule of chastisement in ancient India. Without caring for the truth or falsity, a man praising another with a view to tease or offend him, is Vākpārusya. The teasing may be aimed at somebody with disabled members of the body or disabled organs of sense. Besides, using heart-rending words also comes under this crime. In olden days kings issued orders to fine anybody found guilty of this crime. Ordinarily the fine was 25 Paṇas. If the crime was committed against one who was below the level of the culprit the fine to be paid was only half. If harsh words were used against other women or people of a higher level the fine was double. (Agni Purāṇa, Chapter 258).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Vākpāruṣya (वाक्पारुष्य) refers to “rudeness of speech” and represents one of the eighteen Addictions or Vices (vyasana) which are to be practised within proper bounds for the delight of the enjoyments of the world, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “[...] It has been said that there are eighteen addictions. These are the outcome of the desire for earthly enjovments. [...] Rudeness of speech (vākpāruṣya) means indecent and abusive utterances. It is good when inflicting punishment and dispensing justice. [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryVāk-pāruṣya.—(EI 30), use of abusive language. Note: vāk-pāruṣya is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryVākpāruṣya (वाक्पारुष्य).—n.
(-ṣyaṃ) Abuse, scurrility, defamation, wordy violence or assault. E. vāk speech, pāruṣya violence.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryVākpāruṣya (वाक्पारुष्य).—[neuter] roughness of speech, verbal injury.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Vākpāruṣya (वाक्पारुष्य):—[=vāk-pāruṣya] [from vāk > vāc] n. harshness of sp°, [Śārṅgadhara-paddhati]
2) [v.s. ...] abusive words, insulting or scurrilous language, [Manu-smṛti; Pañcatantra]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryVākpāruṣya (वाक्पारुष्य):—[vāk-pāruṣya] (ṣyaṃ) 1. n. Abuse, scurrility.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusVākpāruṣya (ವಾಕ್ಪಾರುಷ್ಯ):—[noun] the quality of being scurrilous; coarseness, harshness or indecency of language; scurrility.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Parushya, Vak, Vac.
Ends with: Tvakparushya.
Full-text: Parushya, Mahavyasanasaptaka, Avajnana, Vagdanda, Krodhaja, Droha, Vyasana, Irshya, Vyavaharapada, Paishunya, Arthadushana, Vyavaharavishaya, Sahasa, Api.
Relevant text
Search found 3 books and stories containing Vakparushya, Vac-parushya, Vākpāruṣya, Vakparusya, Vak-parushya, Vāc-pāruṣya, Vak-parusya, Vac-parusya, Vāk-pāruṣya; (plurals include: Vakparushyas, parushyas, Vākpāruṣyas, Vakparusyas, pāruṣyas, parusyas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 7.48 < [Section IV - Duties of the King]
Yajnavalkya-smriti (Vyavaharadhyaya)—Critical study (by Kalita Nabanita)
Chapter 2.2a - The Vyavahārapadas Enumerated in the Vyavahārādhyāya < [Chapter 2 - The Vyavahārādhyāya of the Yājñavalkyasmṛti]
Chapter 5.16 - Laws Relating to the Use of Abusive Words and Defamation < [Chapter 5 - Vyavahārādhyāya and the Modern Indian Laws]
The Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)