Vak, Vāk: 14 definitions

Introduction:

Vak means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

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In Hinduism

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Śāktism

Vāk (वाक्, “Speech”):—One of the names of Mahāsarasvatī (sattva-form of Mahādevī). Mahālakṣmī is one of the three primary forms of Devī. Not to be confused with Lakṣmī, she is a more powerful cosmic aspect (vyaṣṭi) of Devi and represents the guṇa (universal energy) named sattva. Also see the Devī Māhātmya, a Sanskrit work from the 5th century, incorporated into the Mārkaṇḍeya-Purāṇa.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Vāk (वाक्).—Issued from Brahmā's mouth; loved by her own father.*

  • * Bhāgavata-purāṇa III. 12. 26; IV. 25. 28.
Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: Hindupedia: The Hindu Encyclopedia

Saraswati Sūkta of the Rigveda says that Vāk or word is of four forms –

  1. parā (eternal),
  2. pasyanti (experienced by seer in a state of deep consciousness),
  3. madhyama (when it translates as idea in the intellect)
  4. and vaikhāri (when it is verbally expressed).

Realizing parā-Vāk or Nāda Brahman through a regulated chanting of mantra, first externally then mentally and then finally without producing it, is mantra yoga.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Vak in India is the name of a plant defined with Cinnamomum verum in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Camphora mauritiana Lukman. (among others).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Plantae Asiaticae Rariores (1831)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Flora Cochinchinensis (1790)
· Flora Indica (1824)
· Nomenclature et Iconographie des Canneliers et Camphriers (1889)
· Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië (1826)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Vak, for example extract dosage, health benefits, pregnancy safety, chemical composition, diet and recipes, side effects, have a look at these references.

Biology book cover
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This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Vāk, (°-) (Vedic vāc, for which the usual P. form is vācā) speech, voice, talk; only in cpd. °karaṇa talk, speaking, conversation, as kālyāṇa-vāk-karaṇa good speech A. II, 97; III, 195, 261; IV, 296 sq.; 328; V, 155; abstr. °ta A. I, 38. Cp. vākya. (Page 606)

Pali book cover
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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

vāk (वाक्).—f S Speech, articulate utterance: also the faculty of articulate utterance.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

vāk (वाक्).—f Speech, articulate utterance.

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Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vak (वक्).—[(i)vaki] r. 1st cl. (vaṅkate) 1. To be crooked, (literally or figuratively,) to be curved or bent, to be depraved or wicked. 2. To bend, to make crooked. 3. To go.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Vak (वक्):—1. vak = √vac, in the Vedic form vivakmi.

2) 2. vak or vaṅk (connected with √vañc q.v.) [class] 1. [Ātmanepada] vaṅkate, to be crooked, go crookedly, [Dhātupāṭha iv, 14];

2) —to go, roll, [ib. 21] (only 3. [plural] [perfect tense] vāvakre, ‘they rolled’ [Ṛg-veda vii, 21, 3])

3) Vāk (वाक्):—[from vāc] in [compound] for vāc.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vak (वक्):—(i, ṅa) vaṃkate 1. d. To be crooked; to be wicked; to go.

[Sanskrit to German]

Vak in German

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Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Vāk (वाक्):—(nf) speech, voice; utterance; goddess of speech; ~[kalaha] altercation, quarrel; ~[keli] jesting, witty conversation; ~[chala] quibble/quibbling, prevarication; equivocation; ~[taṃtu] vocal cord; ~[paṭu] eloquent, skilled in speech; ~[paṭutā/pāṭava] eloquence, skill in speech; ~[pīṭha] a forum.

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Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Vāk (वाक्):—n. 1. words; 2. utterance; speech; 3. language; dialect; 4. Mythol. the Goddess; Saraswati;

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Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

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