Vaibhashika, Vaibhāṣika: 14 definitions
Introduction:
Vaibhashika means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Vaibhāṣika can be transliterated into English as Vaibhasika or Vaibhashika, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक).—Optional, alternative; cf. वेति वैभाषिकः (veti vaibhāṣikaḥ) T. Pr.XXII. 7; see वैकल्पिक (vaikalpika).
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Shaiva philosophy
Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक) refers to the “followers of Vibhāṣā”, according to the Īśvarapratyabhijñāvivṛtivimarśinī 2.133.—Accordingly, “Having thus refuted the external [object as it is] understood by the followers of Kaṇāda, [Utpaladeva now] refutes as well [the external object as it is] explained by the Vaibhāṣikas [i.e., vaibhāṣika-paribhāṣita] [in the sentence beginning with] ‘If, on the other hand’”.
Shaiva philosophy is a spritiual tradition within Hinduism that includes theories such as the relationship between the Atman (individual soul) and Siva, the nature of liberation (moksha), and the concepts of maya (illusion) and shakti (divine energy). Saiva philosophy teaches that union with Shiva can be achieved through knowledge, devotion, and spiritual practice. It encompasses major branches like Shaiva Siddhanta and Kashmir Shaivism.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
1) Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक) refers to one of the “Four Philosophical Systems” (i.e., “preliminary practices for tantra”) which are known in Tibetan as: grub mtha' bzhi.—Accordingly, [while describing the history of the Buddhists and the proponents of the four philosophical systems]: The Vaibhāṣikas hold that, in the final analysis, form, consciousness, and other dharmas are necessarily found. They hold also that, in the final analysis, the minutest partless particles and a continuum’s briefest partless moments necessarily exist. Thus Vaibhāṣikas maintain that partless particles are the compositional basis of gross physical forms and partless moments are the components of temporal continuity. Since, even upon being broken or destroyed, the partless particle and moment, space, and so forth, are not lost to the mind that apprehends them, they are substantially existent, ultimately true, and ultimately existent; phenomena that are lost to the mind apprehending them by being broken or destroyed are imputed existents, conventional existents, and conventional truths. The Vaibhāṣikas assert that all entities included in the two truths are able to perform a function, and so are substantially established.
2) Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक) (in Tibetan: bye brag smra ba) — According to Tibetan traditions, one of the two major Hinayana philosophical schools. Sometimes divided into eighteen subschools, the Vaibhāṣika is most often identified with the Sarvāstivāda tradition typified by Vasubandhu's Treasury of HigherKnowledge . Vaibhāṣikas espouse ontological and epistemological realism, asserting that all dharmas exist and that sense cognitions directly encounter the objects that they cognize
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
General definition (in Buddhism)
A Hinayana school of the reality of all phenomena. It is said that there were four branches of the Vaibhasika school, so called after the Vaibhasika Shastra. 1. Sthavirah 2. Sarvastivadah 3. Vatsiputriyah 4. Mahasanghika The school adhered primarily to two Sarvastivadin texts, the Jnanaprasthana and Abhidharmavibbasa shastra.
The Vaibhāṣika was an early Buddhist subschool formed by adherents of the Mahāvibhāṣa Śāstra, comprising the orthodox Kasmiri branch of the Sarvāstivāda school. The Vaibhāṣika-Sarvāstivāda, which had by far the most "comprehensive edifice of doctrinal systematics" of the early Buddhist schools, was widely influential in India and beyond.
A Hinayana school of Indian Buddhism that does not assert reflexive awareness and does assert external phenomena; a subdivision of the Sarvastivada school of Hinayana. One of the four Indian Buddhist tenet systems studied by all traditions of Tibetan Buddhism.
In Jainism
Jain philosophy
Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक) refers to one of the four schools of Buddhism, as occurring in the Anekāntajayapatākā-prakaraṇa, a Śvetāmbara Jain philosophical work written by Haribhadra Sūri.—[Cf. Vol. I, P. 80, l 10]—Vaibhāṣika (or Āryasamitīya or Sarvāstivāda) is the name of one of the four schools of Buddhism, the other three being (i) Sautrāntika, (ii) Yogācāra or Vijñānavāda and (iii) Śūnyavāda or Mādhyamikavāda or Nairātmyavāda. The Vaibhāṣika school is so called as it attaches a very great importance to vibhāṣā, the commentary on Abhidhamma-piṭaka. It admits the existence of the past, present and future. It considers both knowledge (jñāna) and objects of knowledge (jñeya) as real. It believes in the existence of the external objects as perceived by the pratyakṣa-pramāṇa. In short, according to this school all is real, and that shows the significance of its designation as ‘Sarvāstivāda’. Further, this school believes that every thing lasts for four kṣaṇas origination, duration, old age and death Even ātman named as pudgala, lasts for four kṣaṇas. Further, knowledge is formless, and it originates along with the object from the same material.
The literature of the Vaibhāṣikas is available today in the Chinese language. It comprises Jñānaprasthānaśāstra (also known as Mahāvibhāṣā) of Kātyāyanīputra, Dharmaskandha of Sārīputra, Dhatukāya of Pūrṇa, Prajñaptiśāstra of Maudgalayana and Vijñānakāya of Devakṣema.
-
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक).—a. (-kī f.) Optional.
Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक).—an adherent of the Buddhist school of this name: Mahāvyutpatti 5148.
Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक).—f. (-kī) Optional.
Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक).—[adjective] optional, arbitrary.
1) Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक):—mfn. ([from] vi-bhāṣā) optional, [Taittirīya-prātiśākhya]
2) m. a follower of the Vibhāṣā, Name of a [particular] Buddhist school, [Monier-Williams’ Buddhism 157 etc.]
Vaibhāṣika (वैभाषिक):—(von vibhāṣā)
1) adj. freigestellt, facultativ [Prātiśākhya zur Taittirīyasaṃhitā 22, 7.] —
2) m. ein Anhänger der Vibhāṣā (s. u. vibhāṣā 3), Bez. einer buddhistischen Schule [Vyutpatti oder Mahāvyutpatti 124.] [Madhusūdanasarasvatī’s Prasthānabheda] in [Weber’s Indische Studien.1,13,21.] [Oxforder Handschriften 259,b, Nalopākhyāna 9.] [Colebrooke I, 391. fg.] [WILSON, Sel. Works I, 5. II, 363.] [ Kunde des Morgenlandes.4,491. fg.] [Burnouf 445. fgg.] [HIOUENTHSANG I, 223.] [WASSILJEW 34 u.s.w.] [TĀRAN. 56. 59. 61. 78. 295.]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Vaibhāṣika (ವೈಭಾಷಿಕ):—
1) [noun] a particular Buddhist school.
2) [noun] (masc.) an adherent or follower of this school.
3) [noun] one of the old Indian atheistic philosophies.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Full-text (+81): Sarvastivada, Sautrantika, Pi po sha shi, Madhyamaka, bye brag pa'i rtsa ba sde bzhi, bye brag smra ba, Yogacara, Kashyapiya, Vibhajyavada, Dharmaguptaka, Tamrashatiya, Four basic schools, Bahushrutiya, Mahishasaka, Paribhasita, Haimavata, Lokottaravada, Prajnaptivada, Purvashaila, Aparashaila.
Relevant text
Search found 53 books and stories containing Vaibhashika, Vaibhāṣika, Vaibhasika; (plurals include: Vaibhashikas, Vaibhāṣikas, Vaibhasikas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Complete works of Swami Abhedananda (by Swami Prajnanananda)
Chapter 4 - Buddhist Councils And Buddhist Thoughts < [Discourse 7 - Thoughts on Sankhya Buddhism and Vedanta]
A critical study of Ānandajñāna’s Tarkasaṅgraha (by Satyan Sharma)
Part 1.1 - Defining philosophy and Darśana < [Chapter 1 - Overview of Darśana and Ānandajñāna's Tarkasaṅgraha]
Part 1.3 - The main schools of Darśana < [Chapter 1 - Overview of Darśana and Ānandajñāna's Tarkasaṅgraha]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 1 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 10 - The Schools of Theravada Buddhism < [Chapter V - Buddhist Philosophy]
Part 19 - Brief survey of the evolution of Buddhist Thought < [Chapter V - Buddhist Philosophy]
Part 16 - The Doctrine of Momentariness < [Chapter V - Buddhist Philosophy]
Glimpses of History of Sanskrit Literature (by Satya Vrat Shastri)
Chapter 29.1 - Introduction to Buddhism and its philosophy < [Section 4 - Classical Sanskrit literature]
A comparative study between Buddhism and Nyaya (by Roberta Pamio)
3.2. Epistemology of Vaibhāṣika and Sautrāntika < [Chapter 2 - The Four Buddhist Schools of Philosophy]
2. The concept of Reality in the Four Buddhist Schools < [Chapter 2 - The Four Buddhist Schools of Philosophy]
3.1. The Vaibhāṣika and the Sautrāntika School (Introduction) < [Chapter 2 - The Four Buddhist Schools of Philosophy]
The Buddhist Philosophy of Universal Flux (by Satkari Mookerjee)
Chapter XVI - Nirvāṇa < [Part I - Metaphysics]
Chapter VII - The Doctrine of Apoha or the Import of Words < [Part I - Metaphysics]
Chapter I - The Nature of Existence < [Part I - Metaphysics]
Related products
