Urna, Urina, Ūrṇa, Ūrṇā, Urṇā: 23 definitions
Introduction:
Urna means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Uhran.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा).—A wife of Marīci. In the Svāyambhuva Manvantara Marīci had a wife called Ūrṇā and six mighty sons by her. When they saw Brahmā once, they teased him by calling him 'a father who had married his daughter.' Brahmā got angry with them, and cursed them to take birth as Daityas (demons) on the earth. Accordingly they took birth as the sons of Kālanemi on earth. (Devī Bhāgavata, Skandha 4).
1a) Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण).—The Yakṣa presiding over the month puṣya.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa XII. 11. 42.
1b) (c) a mountain kingdom.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 114. 56.
1c) A hill tribe.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 16. 67.
2a) Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा).—The queen of Citraratha and mother of Samrāṭ.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa V. 15. 14.
2b) Had six sons through Marīci.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa X. 85. 47.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism
Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा) or Ūrṇātantu refers to a “spider’s thread”, according to the Śrīmatottara-tantra, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “[...] Purification takes place in the middle of the Secret Place (guhya) (the Yoni). He should check the inhaled breath (apāna). He should check the exhaled breath (prāṇa) there. By checking (the two breaths, Kuṇḍalinī) straightens and should enter the Circle of the Moon. The Supreme Energy (kalā), whose form is (subtle and straight) like a spider’s thread [i.e., ūrṇā-tantu], rains down (nectar). Thus, one should recollect that the Self is flooded with the drops (of that energy) blazing with rays (of power). (One should recollect) that it is sprinkled by means of that Yoga of Nectar (amṛtayoga). [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण) refers to the “thread (of a spider’s web)” [?], according to the Bhāṣya (commentary) on the Pātañjalayogaśāstra Sūtra 3.42.—Accordingly, “... [The yogin] who has mastered the connection [between body and space] becomes light. Because he is light, he can walk on water. Then, having walked on merely a spider’s thread (su-ūrṇa) [tataḥ sūrṇanābhitantumātre vihṛtya], he walks on a ray of light. Then, he moves in the ether as he wishes”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Urṇā (उर्णा) refers to a “circle of hair between the eye-brows”, from which the Buddha emitted numerous rays when he smiled with his whole body after contemplating the entire universe, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XIV).—Accordingly, having himself arranged the lion-seat, the Bhagavat sat down cross-legged; holding his body upright and fixing his attention, he entered into the samādhirājasamādhi. Then, having tranquilly come out of this samādhi and having contemplated the entire universe with his divine eye (divyacakṣus), the Bhagavat smiled with his whole body. Wheels with a thousand spokes imprinted on the soles of his feet (pādatala) shoot out six hundred prabhedakoṭi of rays. In the same way, beams of six hundred prabhedakoṭi of rays are emitted from his urṇā.
After emission, the rays (raśmi) might return to the ūrṇā (“spot between the eye-brows”), according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XIV). According to the Avadānaśataka and Divyāvadāna, it is a custom that, at the moment when the Buddha Bhagavats show their smile, blue, yellow, red and white rays flash out of the Bhagavat’s mouth, some of which go up and some of which go down. Those that go down penetrate into the hells (naraka); those that go up penetrate to the gods from the Cāturmahārājikas up to the Akaniṣṭas. Having travelled through the trisāhasramahāsāhasralokadhātu, the rays return to the Bhagavat from behind. According as to whether the Buddha wishes to show such-and-such a thing, the rays return to him by a different part of the body.
The returning of the rays into the ūrṇā of the Buddha predicts the bodhi of the Pratyekabuddhas.
Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण) refers to “(between the) eyebrows”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “Through these ten immeasurables (apramāṇa), son of good family, the Bodhisattva completes the accumulations of merit (puṇya-saṃbhāra). What are these ten? [...] (8) completion of the immeasurable enjoyment (paribhoga) of the circle of hair between the eyebrows (ūrṇa) by accumulating endless offerings; (9) completion of the immeasurable, invisible crown of the head by serving teachers (guru) with endless homage and conquering pride; (10) completion of the immeasurable unfailing courage by adequately grasping the coming and going without deception or guile. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा) is the name of Vidyārājñī (i.e., “wisdom queen”) mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Ūrṇā).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
India history and geography
Ūrṇa.—(EI 8), a mark between the brows of the Buddha. Note: ūrṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
ūrṇā (ऊर्णा).—f S Wool; hair of sheep, deer, camels &c. 2 Woollen cloth. 3 A circle of hair between the eyebrows.
ūrṇā (ऊर्णा).—f Wool. Woollen cloth.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Urṇā (उर्णा).—
1) Wool, felt.
2) A circle of hair between the eye-brows; see ऊर्णा (ūrṇā).
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Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण).—[ūrṇu-ḍa Uṇādi-sūtra 5.47]
1) Wool.
2) A woollen cloth.
Derivable forms: ūrṇam (ऊर्णम्).
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Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा).—
1) Wool; कम्बलीया ऊर्णाः (kambalīyā ūrṇāḥ) Mahābhārata on P.V.1.3. माङ्गल्योर्णावलयिनि (māṅgalyorṇāvalayini) (haste) R.16.87.
2) A circle of hair between the eyebrows. सोर्णभ्रुवं वारणबस्तिकोशम् (sorṇabhruvaṃ vāraṇabastikośam) Bu. Ch. 1.66; cf. (āvarte cāntarā bhruvo Amar.) ... ऊर्णेयमन्तर्भ्रुवोः (ūrṇeyamantarbhruvoḥ) Nāg.1.17.
3) Name of the wife of Chitraratha.
Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा).—(= Pali uṇṇā; very rare in Sanskrit in this sense, see [Boehtlingk]; essentially Buddhist term; compare ūṛṇā-kośa, which seems unknown in Sanskrit), the circle of hair between the eye- brows of a Buddha (or other mahāpuruṣa): Lalitavistara 316.9; chiefly in the 31st of the 32 lakṣaṇa, q.v. (elsewhere ūrṇākośa is generally used); white color is prevailingly mentioned.
Urṇā (उर्णा).—f.
(-rṇā) 1. Wool, felt, the hair of camels, &c. 2. A circle of hair between the eye-brows. E. urṇu to cover, ḍa affix; the word is properly ūrṇā, q. v.
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Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा).—f.
(-rṇā) 1. Wool, felt, &c., the hair of sheep, deer, camels, &c. 2. A circle of the hair between the eye-brows, considered as a token of greatness. E. ūrṇu to cover, ḍa and ṭāp affs.
Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण).—i. e. vṛ + na, n., and f. ṇā, Wool, Mahābhārata 2, 1847.
Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण).—[masculine] [Name] of a Yakṣa; [neuter] & [feminine] ūrṇā wool, a spider’s thread.
1) Urṇa (उर्ण):—etc. See ūrṇa, etc.
2) Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण):—[from ūrṇu] n. (in some compounds = ūrṇā below) wool
3) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a Yakṣa, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
4) Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा):—[from ūrṇu] f. (less correctly spelt urṇā) ([Uṇādi-sūtra v, 47]) wool, a woollen thread, thread, [Ṛg-veda iv, 22, 2; v, 52, 9; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Manu-smṛti] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] cobweb, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] a circle of hair between the eyebrows, [Kādambarī; Lalita-vistara]
7) [v.s. ...] Name of several women
8) [v.s. ...] cf. uraṇa, urā, ura-bhra; also [Greek] ἔρ-ι-ον; [Latin] vell-us, vill-us; [Lithuanian] vīlna; [Gothic] vulla (for vulna); [Russian] vōlna; [modern] [German] Wolle; [English] wool.
1) Urṇā (उर्णा):—[(rṇā)] 1. f. Wool.
2) Ūrṇā (ऊर्णा):—(rṇā) 1. f. Wool; circle of hair between the eyebrows.
Urṇā (उर्णा):—= ūrṇā [Ramānātha] zu [Amarakoṣa] [Śabdakalpadruma]
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Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण):—
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Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण):—
1) [Mahābhārata 2, 1847] hat die ed. Bomb. richtig aurṇaṃ st. ūrṇaṃ. ūrṇāpiṇḍa [Weber’s Indische Studien 4, 266.] ūrṇā von den Fäden der Spinne [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 11, 9, 21.] —
3) Nomen proprium der Gattin Marīci’s [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 10, 85, 47.] —
4) m. Nomen proprium eines Yakṣa [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 12, 11, 42.] — Vgl. karṇorṇa .
Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण):——
1) m. Nomen proprium eines Yakṣa. —
2) ūrṇā f. — a) Wolle. — b) die Fäden einer Spinne. — c) Haarwirbel zwischen dem Augenbrauen [Kād. (1872) 9,20,18,9.] [Lalitavistarapurāṇa 290,3] ( urṇā gedr.). kośa m. dass. [375,16.] — d) Nomen proprium verschiedener Frauen. —
3) n. Wolle in einigen Compp.
Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Uṇṇa, Uṇṇā, Unna.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Uṛṇa (उऋण) [Also spelled uhran]:—(a) debt-free;—[honā] to pay off a debt, to be quits; to fulfil an obligation.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Ūrṇa (ಊರ್ಣ):—
1) [noun] wool a) the fine soft curly or wavy hair forming the coat of a sheep, which is shorn and prepared for use in making cloth, yarn, etc.; b) twisted woollen yarn for the knitting, mending, etc., of garments.
2) [noun] cloth prepared using this wool; woollen cloth.
3) [noun] the silk-like threads spun by the spinnerets of the spider.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Uṛṇa (उऋण):—adj. free from debt/obligation;
2) Ūrṇa (ऊर्ण):—n. wool/hair of sheep/hare;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+6): Urna-sthana, Urnadas, Urnadesha, Urnakesha, Urnakosha, Urnalamkritamukhata, Urnalankritamukha, Urnalankritamukhata, Urnamaya, Urnamrada, Urnamradas, Urnamridu, Urnanabh, Urnanabha, Urnanabhi, Urnanapi, Urnapata, Urnapinda, Urnastuka, Urnasutra.
Full-text (+94): Urnanabha, Urnanabhi, Dhumorna, Urnamaya, Shashorna, Urnamradas, Patrorna, Urnavabhi, Urnapata, Urnavala, Urnastuka, Urnasutra, Urnakosha, Jivorna, Karnorna, Aurna, Urnamridu, Urnapinda, Urnamrada, Urnavat.
Relevant text
Search found 62 books and stories containing Urna, Ūrṇa, Ūrṇā, Urṇā, Urṇa, Uṛṇa, Urnas; (plurals include: Urnas, Ūrṇas, Ūrṇās, Urṇās, Urṇas, Uṛṇas, Urnases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Bhūmi 10: the ground of the cloud of the Dharma (dharmameghā) < [Chapter XX - (2nd series): Setting out on the Mahāyāna]
Act 4: The Buddha stretches out his tongue and smiles a third time < [Chapter XIV - Emission of rays]
Act 1.4: The Buddha emits light rays from various body parts < [Chapter XIV - Emission of rays]
The Relative Chronology of the Janapada Lists of the Puranas < [Purana, Volume 9, Part 2 (1967)]
Some Geographical and Ethnic Data of Matsya Purana < [Purana, Volume 6, Part 2 (1964)]
The Geographical Text of the Puranas: A Further Critical Study < [Purana, Volume 4, Part 1 (1962)]
Yogadrstisamuccaya of Haribhadra Suri (Study) (by Riddhi J. Shah)
Chapter 4.1b - Yama (Restraint or Self-control) < [Chapter 4 - The Eight Yogadṛṣṭis and the nature of a Liberated Soul]
Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva (Sutra of the Great Vow)
Digha Nikaya (Long Discourses) (by Bhikkhu Sujato)
24–25. One Hair Per Pore, and a Tuft < [Discourse 30: The Marks of a Great Man]
Introduction to Lakkhaṇa-sutta < [Discourse 30: The Marks of a Great Man]
3. The Thirty-Two Marks of a Great Man < [Discourse 14: The Great Discourse on Traces Left Behind]