Upalakshana, Upalakṣaṇa: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Upalakshana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Upalakṣaṇa can be transliterated into English as Upalaksana or Upalakshana, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Uplakshan.
In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण).—Implication, indication: a thing indicatory of another thing. The term is very frequently found in commentary works in connection with a word which signifies something beyond it which is similar to it; the indication is generally inclusive; cf. Kāśikā on भीस्म्योर्हेतुभये (bhīsmyorhetubhaye) P.I.3.68 भयग्रहणमुपलक्षणार्थं विस्मयोपि तत एव । (bhayagrahaṇamupalakṣaṇārthaṃ vismayopi tata eva |) as also मन्त्रग्रहणं तु च्छन्दस उपलक्षणार्थम् (mantragrahaṇaṃ tu cchandasa upalakṣaṇārtham) Kāś. on II.4.80. The verbal forms of लक्ष् (lakṣ) and उपलक्ष् (upalakṣ) as also the words लक्षयितुम्, लक्षणीय, लक्षित (lakṣayitum, lakṣaṇīya, lakṣita) etc. possess the sense of 'expressing the meaning not primarily, but secondarily by indication or implication'.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण) refers to the “realisation” (viz., of one’s own nature), according to the commentary on the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “[...] The Void of the Mind, that is, the void of thought constructs, should be placed in the Void of Consciousness. Then, the Void of Consciousness should be placed in the Supreme Void in such a way that a state of oneness (sāmarasya) prevails both internally and externally due to the destruction of thought constructs (vikalpakṣaya) and the realisation (upalakṣaṇa) of one’s own nature”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Upalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण) refers to “carefully observing (the motion of standing crops)” (employed as a tactic in hunting), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “Hunting by watching the motion of standing crops is that in which animals are killed by the indication of the motion of wheat and other standing crops in which they hide themselves. In Sanskrit it is named Yāvaśī. This is ‘played’ by two or three horsemen who are expert archers. It is successful, if the advance is slow and the motion of standing crops carefully observed (upalakṣaṇa). It doesn’t produce much fatigue, but it produces great excitement”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण) refers to “analogously”, according to the commentary on the 11th century Jñānārṇava (verse 2.2), a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Brother, deceived by living beings [com.—‘by sentient beings (prāṇibhiḥ) analogously (upalakṣaṇāt)’], you do not obtain happiness, you do not contemplate your own true nature , you do not perceive the sorrow of life”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryupalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण).—n (S) Synecdoche (of a part for the whole, of an individual for the species, of a species for the genus, of a quality or accident for the subject); elliptical or metaphorical expression gen.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishupalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण).—n Elliptical expression. Synecdoche.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण).—
1) Looking at, beholding, observing, marking, ascertainment; वेलोपलक्षणार्थम् (velopalakṣaṇārtham) Ś.4.
2) A mark, characteristic or distinctive feature; उपलब्धमुपलक्षणम् (upalabdhamupalakṣaṇam) V.4,4.33; उपलक्षणे तृतीया (upalakṣaṇe tṛtīyā) Sk.
3) Designation; प्राद्युपल- क्षणम् (prādyupala- kṣaṇam) Sk.
4) Implying something that has not been actually expressed, implication of something in addition or any similar object where only one is mentioned; synecdoche of a part for the whole, of an individual for the species, or of a quality for that in which the quality exists (svapratipādakatve sati svetarapratipādakatvaṃ); मन्त्रग्रहणं ब्राह्मणस्याप्युपलक्षणम् (mantragrahaṇaṃ brāhmaṇasyāpyupalakṣaṇam) P.II.4.8 Sk.; so अस्ति नास्तेरुपल- क्षणम् (asti nāsterupala- kṣaṇam) &c.
Derivable forms: upalakṣaṇam (उपलक्षणम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण).—n.
(-ṇaṃ) 1. Designating or implying any analogous object where only one is specified, using a term in a generic sense. 2. Metaphorical or elliptical expression. E. upa comprehensive, lakṣaṇa a mark or designation.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण).—i. e. upa -lakṣ + ana, n. 1. Seeing after, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] 46, 6. 2. A mark, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] 69, 10. 3. Including.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण).—[neuter] observation, designation; implicit or elliptical expression.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Upalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण):—[=upa-lakṣaṇa] [from upa-lakṣ] n. the act of observing, [Śakuntalā 142, 4]
2) [v.s. ...] designation, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra] [commentator or commentary] on [Pāṇini]
3) [v.s. ...] the act of implying something that has not been expressed, implying any analogous object where only one is specified
4) [v.s. ...] using a term metaphorically or elliptically or in a generic sense
5) [v.s. ...] synecdoche (of a part for the whole, of an individual for the species, or of a quality for that in which it resides), [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā-prātiśākhya] [commentator or commentary] on [Pāṇini; Sāhitya-darpaṇa; Nyāyakośa] etc.
6) [v.s. ...] a mark, [Vikramorvaśī; Kathāsaritsāgara]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण):—[upa-lakṣaṇa] (ṇaṃ) 1. n. A synecdoche of a part put for a whole.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Upalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Upalakkhaṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण) [Also spelled uplakshan]:—(nm) a characteristic; the act of implying something that has not been expressed or made explicit; metonymy; ~[ṇā] implication.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusUpalakṣaṇa (ಉಪಲಕ್ಷಣ):—
1) [noun] an implying of something that has not been actually expressed; implication of something in addition or any other similar object where only one is mentioned.
2) [noun] an indication; a symptom; a sign.
3) [noun] a figure of speech in which a part is used for a whole, an individual for a class, a material for a thing; a synecdoche.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryUpalakṣaṇa (उपलक्षण):—n. 1. a figure of speech; metaphor; synecdoche; 2. a mark;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Lakshana, Upa.
Starts with: Upalakshanata, Upalakshanatva.
Ends with: Anupalakshana, Spandopalakshana, Svarupalakshana, Yupalakshana.
Full-text: Upalakshanatva, Upalakshanata, Upalakkanam, Olakhanem, Upalakkhana, Upalakshanem, Uplakshan, Vikalpakshaya, Gavalika, Kanyalika, Bhumyalika, Svadaramantrabheda, Udumbara.
Relevant text
Search found 13 books and stories containing Upalakshana, Upa-lakṣaṇa, Upa-laksana, Upa-lakshana, Upalakṣaṇa, Upalaksana; (plurals include: Upalakshanas, lakṣaṇas, laksanas, lakshanas, Upalakṣaṇas, Upalaksanas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.159 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 10.230 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 11.40 [Parikarāṅkura] < [Chapter 11 - Additional Ornaments]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 1.7.132 < [Chapter 7 - Śrī Viśvarūpa Takes Sannyāsa]
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 3.14.176 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (14): Vṛtti-samuddeśa (On Ccomplex Formation)]
Verse 3.14.171 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (14): Vṛtti-samuddeśa (On Ccomplex Formation)]
Verse 3.14.170 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (14): Vṛtti-samuddeśa (On Ccomplex Formation)]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.6.116-117 < [Chapter 6 - Priyatama (the most beloved devotees)]
Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya) (by George Thibaut)
II, 2, 3 < [Second Adhyāya, Second Pāda]
Padarthadharmasamgraha and Nyayakandali (by Ganganatha Jha)
Text 143 < [Chapter 6a - On Actions]
Text 85: On Number (Saṃkhyā) < [Chapter 6a - On Qualities]