Upakantha, Upakaṇṭha, Upakamtha: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Upakantha means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationUpakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ) means “to arrive near (a particular place)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.9.—Accordingly, as Himācala (Himavat) said to Menā:—“O dear, at the end of the latter half of the night, I too had a dream. Please listen to it lovingly. I shall zealously explain it. A great saint of exquisite limbs, as mentioned by Nārada, arrived near my city [i.e., pura-upakaṇṭha] with very great pleasure in order to perform penance there. Delighted much I took my daughter there with me. He was recognised as Lord Śiva, the bridegroom as mentioned by Nārada. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraUpakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ) (also Utterita, Āskandita) refers to one of the five gaits of a horse which resembled “jumping with all the feet as if in anger”.—The Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 4.312-315 enumerates the 5 gaits of a horse; dhorita, ‘like a mongoose, heron, peacock, or boar’; valgita, which seems to be ‘gallop’; pluta or plaṅghana, ‘resembling the gait of a bird ox deer’; uttejita or recita, ‘a gait with moderate speed’; utterita, or upakaṇṭha, or āskandita, ‘jumping with all the feet as if in anger,’ apparently ‘bucking’.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryUpakaṇṭha, at Dāvs. V, 41 is to be corrected to upakaṭṭha. (Page 138)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryupakaṇṭha (उपकंठ).—ad S Up to the throat--eating, life rising. 2 prep Near.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryUpakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ).—a. Near, proximate.
-ṇṭhaḥ; -ṇṭham 1 Proximity, vicinity, neighbourhood; प्राप तालीवनश्याममुपकण्ठं महोदधेः (prāpa tālīvanaśyāmamupakaṇṭhaṃ mahodadheḥ) R.4.34;13.48; Kumārasambhava 7.51; Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 9.2; आकृष्य चापं श्रवणोपकण्ठे (ākṛṣya cāpaṃ śravaṇopakaṇṭhe) Ś.3.5. to the very ear. तस्योपकण्ठे घननीलकण्ठः (tasyopakaṇṭhe ghananīlakaṇṭhaḥ) Ku.
2) Space near a village or its boundary.
3) One of a horse's paces. -ind.
1) Upon the neck, near the throat; प्रेम्णोपकण्ठं मुहुरङ्कभाजः (premṇopakaṇṭhaṃ muhuraṅkabhājaḥ) Śiśupālavadha 3.36.
2) In the vicinity of, near.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ).—mfn.
(-ṇṭhaḥ-ṇṭhā-ṇṭhaṃ) Near, proximate. n.
(-ṇṭhaṃ) 1. Space near a village or its boundary. 2. One of a horse’s paces, his walk. ind.
(-ṇṭhaṃ) Upon the neck, near the throat. E. upa near, kaṇṭha the neck.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ).—[upa-kaṇṭha], I. adj., f. ṭhā, Near, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 3, 24. Ii. m. n. Proximity, [Pañcatantra] 74, 21; 222, 1.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ).—[neuter] nearness, proximity; ṇṭam [adverb] near (—°).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Upakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ):—[=upa-kaṇṭha] mfn. being upon the neck or near the throat
2) [v.s. ...] being in the proximity of, proximate, near, [Kumāra-sambhava; Pañcatantra; Raghuvaṃśa]
3) [v.s. ...] n. proximity, neighbourhood, contiguous space, [Kathāsaritsāgara; Rājataraṅgiṇī] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] space near a village or its boundary, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) [v.s. ...] a horse’s gallop, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryUpakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ):—[upa-kaṇṭha] (ṇṭhaḥ-ṇṭhā-ṇṭhaṃ) a. Near.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Upakaṇṭha (उपकण्ठ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Upakaṃṭha.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryUpakaṃṭha (उपकंठ) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Upakaṇṭha.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusUpakaṃṭha (ಉಪಕಂಠ):—
1) [noun] the area or portion that is close or adjacent to the neck.
2) [noun] proximity; vicinity; neighbourhood.
3) [noun] space by or near a village or its boundary.
4) [noun] one of the horse’s paces.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Upakanthaka, Upakantham.
Ends with: Puropakantha, Shivopakantha, Svopakantha.
Full-text: Upakantham, Askandita, Utterita, Valgita, Dhorita, Recita, Planghana, Uttejita, Pluta, Kantha, Upa.
Relevant text
Search found 3 books and stories containing Upakantha, Upakaṇṭha, Upakamtha, Upa-kantha, Upa-kaṇṭha, Upakaṃṭha; (plurals include: Upakanthas, Upakaṇṭhas, Upakamthas, kanthas, kaṇṭhas, Upakaṃṭhas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
The Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)
Kautilya Arthashastra (by R. Shamasastry)
Chapter 30 - The Superintendent of Horses < [Book 2 - The duties of Government Superintendents]
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)