Turiya, Turīya: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Turiya means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: The Garuda puranamThe state called the Turiya (lit, beyond the three states of existence) and in which the self-controlled individual is neither awake nor asleep, neither utterly forgetful nor labauring under delusion, and does not perceive the objects of the senses, occurs when the individualised self, by withdrawing the mind with the cognitive organs from the objects of perception, by merging the sense of egoism in the principle of intellection, by annihilating intellection with the principle of Nature (Prakriti), and by annihilating Prakriti with the energy of the psychic force (Chit Shakti), holds its self within its own self, the self-illuminant, the pure knowledge, the immortal purity, the eternal bliss without action, and running through all. This is what is called to be in the Turiya state.
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaTurīya (तुरीय).—A state of existence of Man. (See under Jāgrat).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Turīya (तुरीय).—A name of Brahmā (s.v.).*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa XI. 15. 16.
1b) (Turiya Indrayuk?, Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa); a Deva (ajita).*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 13. 94; Vāyu-purāṇa 31. 8.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Red Zambala: The 10 Great Wisdom GoddessesThe psychological state of deep dreamless sleep (turīya) resembles to a degree the absolute quiescence of the Universe after dissolution (pralaya) when all existences return to the state of the Great Night (Mahārātri). In this state of perfect integration nothing remains but the transcendent power of Time, Mahā-Kālī.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram (shaivism)Turīya (तुरीय) refers to the particular state of consciousness that comes after “deep sleep” and is associated with the fourth Praṇava (i.e., point—bindu) and the deity called Īśa, according to the Svacchandabhairavatantra.—The five states of consciousness are not correlated with the Five Praṇavas in the Kubjikā Tantras, which are generally not very concerned with them. The principles are also not the Five Elements, as one would expect. Even so, the deities are the same. Moreover, at a higher level all the essential metaphysical principles of the two coincide.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (tantric Buddhism)Turīya (तुरीय) refers to the “fourth state of consciousness”, according to Vāgīśvarakīrti’s Tattvaratnāvaloka verse 17.—Accordingly, “Cleansed by the oozing of the seed (i.e. semen) from the thunderbolt (i.e.the officiant’s penis) growing as a sprout born from a purified lotus (i.e. the consecrated vulva of the consort), the crop that is the fourth [state of consciousness] (turīya-śasya) comes to full bloom; [although] the Fourth [Initiation] is manifest, it is hidden even from the wise”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
India history and geography
Source: Shodhganga: A translation of Jhaverchand Meghanis non translated folk talesTuriya refers to “A green vegetable”.—It is defined in the glossary attached to the study dealing with Gujarat Folk tales composed by Gujarati poet Jhaverchand Meghani (1896-1947)
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryturiya : (nt.) musical instrument. || tūriya (nt.) musical instrument.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryTuriya, (nt.) (Derivation uncertain, probably connected with tuleti, Sk. tūrya) sometimes tūriya (e.g. Vv 54); musical instruments in general, usually referred to as comprising 5 kinds of special instruments (pañcaṅgika t. e.g. Vv 54; 391; VvA. 181, 183, 210, 257), viz. ātata, vitata, ātata-vitata, ghana, susira (VvA. 37). frequent in phrase nippurisehi turiyehi parivāriyamāna (or paricāriyamāna) “surrounded by (or entertained by) heavenly music” Vin. I, 15; D. II, 21; A. I, 145; J. I, 58.—Vv 384; 412; 5024, 645; Pv III, 81; DhA. III, 460; VvA. 92; PvA. 74.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryturīya (तुरीय).—a S Fourth. turīyayantra n S A quadrant.
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turīyā (तुरीया) [or तुरीयावस्था, turīyāvasthā].—f S The fourth of the four states or modes (according to Hindu metaphysics) of human being, viz. that of simple consciousness; the state of abstraction from without and of absorption in the contemplation of one's own spirit.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryTurīya (तुरीय).—a.
1) The fourth.
2) Consisting of four parts.
3) Mighty.
-yam 1 A quarter, a fourth part, fourth.
2) (In Vedānta. phil.) The fourth state of the soul in which it becomes one with Brahman or the Supreme Spirit.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryTuriya (तुरिय).—(nt. or m.; = Pali id., MIndic for Sanskrit tūrya), musical instrument; common in verses of Lalitavistara, e.g. 54.6 (v.l. tūry°); 161.17 (v.l. tūry°); 164.20; 169.22; sometimes turiya and tūrya in the same sentence, Lalitavistara 175.15 and 16 (no v.l.). But in Mahāvastu iii.122.16 (verse) turiya is Senart's em., mss. tūrya (which is metrically inferior).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryTurīya (तुरीय).—mfn.
(-yaḥ-yā-yaṃ) Fourth, a fourth. m.
(-yaḥ) A fourth part, a quarter. n.
(-yaṃ) The divine being, or universal spirit. E. irr. derived from catur four, with cha affix; also tūrya and turya . turīya-ac . caturṇāṃ pūraṇaḥ catur + cha ādyalopaśca .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryTurīya (तुरीय).—i. e. catur + īya (the intermediate form was probably kturīya), 1. ord. number, fem. yā, Fourth, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 5, 10, 3. 2. adj. and n. Fourth part, a quarter, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 126; 4, 202. 3. n. The fourth state of the student of the Vedānta philosophy, [Vedāntasāra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in
Turīya (तुरीय).—(turīya or turīya) [adjective] the fourth, consisting of four; [neuter] one fourth.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Turīya (तुरीय):—[from turāyaṇa > tur] 1. turīya [Nominal verb] yati, to go, [Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yāska ii, 14.]
2) 2. turīya mfn. (for ktur [Zend] khtuiria [from] catur) ([Pāṇini 5-2, 51], [vArttika] 1) [Vedic or Veda] 4th, [Ṛg-veda] etc.
3) consisting of 4 parts, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa ix]
4) n. the 4th state of spirit (pure impersonal Spirit or Brahma), [Upaniṣad] ([Maitrī-upaniṣad; Nṛsiṃha-tāpanīya-upaniṣad ii, 2, 1 etc.; Religious Thought and Life in India 35]), [Vedāntasāra]
5) mfn. being in that state of soul, [Nṛsiṃha-tāpanīya-upaniṣad]
6) tur, a 4th, constituting the 4th part
7) n. a 4th part, [Atharva-veda; Kāṭhaka] etc. (with yantra, ‘a quadrant’ [Śaṃkara-vijaya xxvii]).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Turīya (तुरीय):—[(yaḥ-yā-yaṃ) a.] Fourth. n. The universal spirit, the divine Being.
2) bhāga (gaḥ) 1. n. Fourth part.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryTurīya (तुरीय) [Also spelled turiy]:—(nm) according to the Vedant, a stage where the individual self is united with the Universal Self; also —[avasthā].
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Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryTūriya (तूरिय) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Tauryika.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusTuriya (ತುರಿಯ):—[adjective] compelling immediate action, attention, remedy, etc.; urgent.
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Turiya (ತುರಿಯ):—[noun] = ತುರೀಯ [turiya]2.
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Turīya (ತುರೀಯ):—[noun] preceded by three others in a series; occurring in the fourth place; fourth.
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Turīya (ತುರೀಯ):—
1) [noun] the one following the third or three others in a series; the fourth.
2) [noun] any of the four equal parts of something; the fourth part.
3) [noun] the fourth state of the soul in which it becomes one with the Supreme Spirit.
4) [noun] (astrol.) the fourth house from the birth-house in one’s horoscope.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+16): Turiya-janman, Turiya-yantra, Turiyabhaga, Turiyabhaj, Turiyaccanti, Turiyaditya, Turiyadiyantroddhara, Turiyagayatrihridaya, Turiyajati, Turiyaka, Turiyakantam, Turiyakavaca, Turiyam, Turiyamana, Turiyamsha, Turiyan, Turiyankam, Turiyanubhava, Turiyapakam, Turiyardha.
Ends with: Aindraturiya, Apaturiya, Aturiya, Caturiya, Damturiya, Indraturiya, Paturiya, Shalaturiya, Upayaturiya.
Full-text (+48): Turiyavarna, Turiyabhaj, Turiyaka, Turiyatita, Upayaturiya, Turya, Turiyaditya, Turiyabhaga, Kuruturiyam, Turiyattanam, Turiyamana, Turiyakavaca, Turiyavasthe, Tauryika, Sanghuttha, Turiyapakam, Turiya-yantra, Turiyakantam, Shalaturiya, Turiyam.
Relevant text
Search found 60 books and stories containing Turiya, Turīya, Turīyā, Tūriya; (plurals include: Turiyas, Turīyas, Turīyās, Tūriyas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Mandukya Upanishad (Madhva commentary) (by Srisa Chandra Vasu)
Mantra 2.1 < [Chapter 2 - Second Khanda]
Karika verse 2.5 < [Chapter 2 - Second Khanda]
Mantra 4.1 < [Chapter 4 - Fourth Khanda]
Mandukya Upanishad (Gaudapa Karika and Shankara Bhashya) (by Swami Nikhilananda)
Mandukya Karika, verse 1.15 < [Chapter I - Agama Prakarana (Scripture)]
Mandukya Karika, verse 1.13 < [Chapter I - Agama Prakarana (Scripture)]
Mandukya Karika, verse 1.10 < [Chapter I - Agama Prakarana (Scripture)]
Shankaracharya and Ramana Maharshi (study) (by Maithili Vitthal Joshi)
Chapter 3.4(b) - Types of Mokṣa (according to Ramaṇa Maharṣi)
Chapter 2.1 - Śaṅkarācārya on Jīva
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
The Devi Bhagavata Purana (by Swami Vijñanananda)
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