Tritiya, Tṛtīyā, Tṛtīya: 25 definitions
Introduction:
Tritiya means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Tṛtīyā and Tṛtīya can be transliterated into English as Trtiya or Tritiya, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Tratiy.
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In Hinduism
Shiksha (linguistics: phonetics, phonology etc.)
Tṛtīya (तृतीय, “the third”) is the name of a note (svara) used by singers of the sāmas (religious songs from Sāmaveda), corresponding to the ṛṣabha-svara of the flute, according to the Nāradīyā-śīkṣā 1.5.1. The Nāradīyā-śīkṣā is an ancient Sanskrit treatise dealing phonetics and musicology. Its proclaimed author is the Nārada.
Shiksha (शिक्षा, śikṣā) deals with Sanskrit linguistics and represents a branch of vedanga (vedic ancillary science). Shiksha deals with subjects such as phonetics, phonology, study of sound, letters of the Sanskrit alphabet and related topics. Much attention is also given to the study of recitation (patha) of Vedic verses.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Tṛtīya (तृतीय).—The third consonants out of the class consonants; वर्गतृतीय (vargatṛtīya); viz. ग्, ज्, ड्, द् (g, j, ḍ, d) and ब् (b); cf. यथा तृतीयास्तथा पञ्चमा आनुनासिक्यवर्जम् (yathā tṛtīyāstathā pañcamā ānunāsikyavarjam) M.Bh. on P. I. 1.9.
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Tṛtīyā (तृतीया).—The third case; affixes of the third case (instrumental case or तृतीयाविभक्ति (tṛtīyāvibhakti)) which are placed (1) after nouns in the sense of an instrument or an agent provided the agent is not expressed by the personal-ending of the root; e. g. देवदत्तेन कृतम्, परशुना छिनत्तिः (devadattena kṛtam, paraśunā chinattiḥ) cf. P. III. 3.18; (2) after nouns connected with सह् (sah), nouns meaning defective limbs, nouns forming the object of ज्ञा (jñā) with सम् (sam) as also nouns meaning हेतु (hetu) or a thing capable of produc ing a result: e. g. पुत्रेण सहागतः, अक्ष्णा (putreṇa sahāgataḥ, akṣṇā) 23 काणः, मात्रा संजानीते, विद्यया यशः (kāṇaḥ, mātrā saṃjānīte, vidyayā yaśaḥ); cf. Kas. on P. II.3.19,23; (3) optionally with the ablative after nouns meaning quality, and optionally with the genitive after pronouns in the sense of हेतु (hetu), when the word हेतु (hetu) is actually used e. g. पाण्डित्येन मुक्तः (pāṇḍityena muktaḥ) or पाण्डित्यान्मुक्तः (pāṇḍityānmuktaḥ); केन हेतुना (kena hetunā) or कस्य हेतोर्वसति (kasya hetorvasati); it is observed by the Varttikakara that when the word हेतु (hetu) or its synonym is used in a sentence, a pronoun is put in any case in apposition to that word i.e. हेतु (hetu) or its synonym e.g, केन निमित्तेन, किं निमित्तम् (kena nimittena, kiṃ nimittam) etc.; cf. Kas. on P. II. 3. 25, 27; (4) optionally after nouns connected with the words पृथक्, विना, नाना (pṛthak, vinā, nānā), after the words स्तोक, अल्प (stoka, alpa), as also after दूर, अन्तिक (dūra, antika) and their synonyms; e.g. पृथग्देवदत्तेन (pṛthagdevadattena) etc. स्तोकेन मुक्तः, दूरेण ग्रामस्य, केशैः प्रसितः (stokena muktaḥ, dūreṇa grāmasya, keśaiḥ prasitaḥ); cf. Kas. on P.II.3.32, 33, 35, 44; (5) optionally with the locative case after nouns meaning constellation when the tad. affix after them has been elided; e.g. पुष्येण संप्रयातोस्मि श्रवणे पुनरागतः (puṣyeṇa saṃprayātosmi śravaṇe punarāgataḥ) Mahabharata; cf. P.II.3.45; (6) optionally with the genitive case after words connected with तुल्य (tulya) or its synonyms; e.g.तुल्यो देवदत्तेन, तुल्यो देवदत्तस्य (tulyo devadattena, tulyo devadattasya); cf. P. II.3.72.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Tṛtīyā (तृतीया).—A river. This river sat in the court of Varuṇa worshipping him. (Śloka 21, Chapter 9, Sabhā Parva).
1) Tṛtīya (तृतीय) refers to the “third day of a fortnight”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.15. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] Firmly resolved in her desire to secure Śiva as her husband, she (viz., Devī as Satī) propitiated him in her own house with the permission of her mother. [...] After worshipping Him with cooked barley and gingelly seeds on the third day (Tṛtīya) of the bright half of Māgha (January-February), she spent the month on the products of milk obtained from a cow”.
2) Tṛtīya (तृतीय) refers to the “third” (eye), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.19 (“Kāma’s destruction by Śiva”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Naradā: “[...] O great sage, when his endeavour became futile, Kāma who was frightened much remembered Indra and all other gods. O great sage, remembered by Kāma, Indra and other gods came there, bowed to and eulogised Śiva. When the gods eulogised thus, a great flame of fire sprang up from the third [i.e., tṛtīya] eye of the infuriated Śiva. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Tṛtīyā (तृतीया) refers to a “eunuch”, and is mentioned in the Naiṣadha-carita 17.70.—The Kāmasūtra 2.9 divides eunuchs (tṛtīyā) into male and female. Cf. Vararuci’s Ubhayābhisarikā. The eunuch is here described in two elaborate verses. The eunuchs played quite an important part in the sexual life of former times. Haradatta on Gautamasūtra 2.6.15 makes a distinction between Kliba and Tṛtīyāprakṛti. Cf. Alaka in his commentary on Haravijaya 27.79.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Tṛtīyā (तृतीया) refers to one of the various “lunar days” (tithi):—There are approximately 29.5 lunar days in a lunar month. The first fifteen days begin with the first phase of the waxing moon (pratipat) and end with the full moon (pūrṇimā). [...] In accordance with the lunar day, one would utter, [for example, tṛtīyā-tithau].
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Tṛtīyā (तृतीया) refers to the “third” (level of Kriyāśakti—‘creative energy’), according to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā, belonging to the Pāñcarātra tradition which deals with theology, rituals, iconography, narrative mythology and others.—Accordingly, “A ruler who is a Universal Sovereign is entitled to the first, a Provincial Governor to the second and a District Governor to the third (tṛtīyā) [level of] Creative Energy. [To the same are entitled] a chief minister or a twice-born, provided he is in charge of the protection of many people. No single man is entitled to [deploy] Her for [just] another man”.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Tṛtīya (तृतीय) refers to the “third (year)” (of Yogic breathing exercises), according to the Śivayogadīpikā, an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with Yoga possibly corresponding to the Śivayoga quoted in Śivānanda’s Yogacintāmaṇi.—Accordingly, [while describing a sequence of Haṭhayoga practices]: “Thus, by means of this Haṭhayoga which has eight auxiliaries, those [students who are] life-long celibates obtain the Siddhis of the [best of Sages] because of their untiring practice. [...] Then, in the third (tṛtīya) year, he is not hurt by noxious [animals] such as snakes. In the fourth year, he is free from [any] torment, thirst, sleep, cold and heat. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
1) Tṛtīya (तृतीय) refers to the “third year” (of an elephant), according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 5, “on marks of the stages of life”]: “4. With clearly developed nails, vidu, joints, ears, and sheaths and covering of the tusks; spotted on the breast, and on the lobes of the ears; hairy in the ears and on the head, with uplifted head, eating grass, with rather stout (firm) rows of teeth, in the third year (tṛtīya) he is an upasarpa”.
2) Tṛtīya (तृतीय) can also refer to the “third (stage)” (of an elephants’ life), according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā.—“13. His ears, tongue, haunches, and other parts are symmetrical according to whatever his size may be; the smell of must arises in him; endowed with all fine qualities, a hard fighter, with smooth hair and skin, with intoxicated eyes, handsome, showing striking development of the temporal bone, intelligent wrathful, a killer, evenly balanced in the bodily humors, he is a javana (‘swift one’) and has attained the third stage (tṛtīya) [sa eva javano yātastṛtīyāṃ daśām]”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Gitashastra (science of music)
Tṛtīya (तृतीय) refers to one of the Vedic Svaras which is mapped to the Gāndhāra-svara (of the Laukika type), according to the Kohalamatam, one of the works ascribed to Kohala—a celebrated authority of the ancient period along with others such as Bharata, Yāṣṭika, Śārdūla, Kāśyapa etc.—Kohalamatam has dealt with the aspect of svara in great detail. It also refers to the Vedic origin of svaras. The list of Laukikasvaras (=seven notes) has been mapped with corresponding Vaidikasvaras (=Vedic svaras)—For example, the Vedic Tṛtīya-svara has been mapped to the Gāndhāra-svara (of the Laukika type). Note: The Nāradīyā-śikṣā presents a very different scheme. Here the Vedic Tṛtīya-svara is mapped to the Ṛṣabha-svara (of the Laukika type). Moreover, the Nāradīyā-śikṣā presents the notes in the order of the sāman scale viz.—ma, ga, ri, sa, dha, ni, pa—whereas in Kohalamatam we find a straight delineation of the svaras.
Gitashastra (गीतशास्त्र, gītaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of Music (gita or samgita), which is traditionally divided in Vocal music, Instrumental music and Dance (under the jurisdiction of music). The different elements and technical terms are explained in a wide range of (often Sanskrit) literature.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
tṛtīya (तृतीय).—a (S) Third.
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tṛtīyā (तृतीया).—f (S) The third day of the lunar fortnight.
tṛtīya (तृतीय).—a Third.
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tṛtiyā (तृतिया).—f The third day of the lunar fortnight.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Tṛtīya (तृतीय).—a. The third.
-yaḥ 1 The 3rd consonant of a Varga.
2) (in music) Name of measure.
-yam A third part; वनेषु च विहृत्यैवं तृतीयं भागमायुषः (vaneṣu ca vihṛtyaivaṃ tṛtīyaṃ bhāgamāyuṣaḥ) Manusmṛti 6.33. ind. For the 3rd time, thirdly; तृतीयमप्सु नृमणा अजस्रम् (tṛtīyamapsu nṛmaṇā ajasram) Ṛgveda 1.45.1.
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Tṛtīyā (तृतीया).—
1) The third day of a lunar fortnight.
2) (In gram.) The instrumental case or its terminations.
Tṛtiya (तृतिय).—adj. (= Pali tatiya, Sanskrit tṛtīya), third; rare and only m.c. in [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit]: Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 92.7; Lalitavistara 111.11; by em. (mss. tṛtī°), m.c., Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 46.11; Mahāvastu i.174.16; in Gaṇḍavyūha 256.7 text tṛtī°, should be tṛti° m.c. All verses. Cf. s.v. dvitiya.
Tṛtīya (तृतीय).—mfn.
(-yaḥ-yā-yaṃ) Third. f.
(-yā) The third lunation the third day of the fortnight. E. tri three, tīya affix, ri changed to the analogous vowel ṛ.
Tṛtīya (तृतीय).—i. e. tri + tīya, f. yā 1. ordinal number, Third, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 35. 2. adj. A third part, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 6, 33. 3. ºyam, adv. Thirdly, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 129.
— Cf. [Gothic.] thridja; A. S. thridda; [Latin] tertius;
Tṛtīya (तृतीय).—1. [adjective] the third; [neuter] [adverb] thirdly, for the third time. [feminine] ā the third day in a half month; the endings of the third case & the third case itself ([grammar]).
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Tṛtīya (तृतीय).—2. [adjective] forming the third part; [neuter] one third.
1) Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—[from tṛta] mf(ā)n. ([from] tri, [Pāṇini 5-2, 55]; See also, [vii, 3, 115; i, 1, 36], [vArttika]) the 3rd, [Ṛg-veda] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] m. the 3rd consonant of a Varga (g, j, ḍ, d, b), [Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā-prātiśākhya; Atharvaveda-prātiśākhya; Pāṇini], [vArttika] and, [Kāśikā-vṛtti]
3) [v.s. ...] (in music) Name of a measure
4) Tṛtīyā (तृतीया):—[from tṛtīya > tṛta] a f. ([scilicet] tithi) = yikā, [Jyotiṣa] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] ([scilicet] vibhakti) the terminations of the 3rd case, the 3rd case (instrumental), [Pāṇini; Atharvaveda-prātiśākhya iii, 19]
6) Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—[from tṛta] mfn. ([Pāṇini 5-3, 48]) forming the 3rd part, (n.) a 3rd part, [Taittirīya-saṃhitā; Taittirīya-brāhmaṇa; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa iii f.; Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Manu-smṛti vi, 33; Mahābhārata];
7) [v.s. ...] cf. Zend thritya, [Latin] tertius; [Gothic] thridja.
8) Tṛtīyā (तृतीया):—[from tṛta] b f.
9) [v.s. ...] ind.
Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—[(yaḥ-yā-yaṃ) a.] Third. (yā) f. Third day of the moon.
Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—
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Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—
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Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—1.
1) svara [Weber’s Indische Studien 8, 261. fgg.] Metrum [239. 242.] —
2) [Prātiśākhya zum Ṛgveda 1, 3. 4, 1. 2. 11, 24.] [Prātiśākha zum Atharvaveda 1, 8. 2, 2.] —
3) a) [WEBER, Jyotiṣa 112.] [Oxforder Handschriften 87,a,45. 97,b,18.] vratāni [284,a,45. fgg.] — b) [Prātiśākha zum Atharvaveda 3, 19.]
Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—1. —
1) Adj. (f. ā) der dritte. m Adv. drittens , zum dritten Mal [37,12.38,9.] tṛtīyena beim dritten Male. —
2) m. — a) der dritte Consonant in einem Varga , die unaspirirte Media. — b) ein best. Tact [Saṃgitasārasaṃgraha 207.] —
3) f. tṛtīyā — a) der dritte Tag im Halbmonat. — b) die Endungen des 5ten Casus , der dritte Casus , Instrumental [209,23.210,20.]
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Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—2. —
1) Adj. den dritten Theil bildend. —
2) n. Drittel [66,1.]
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Tṛtīyā (तृतीया):—1. f. s.u. 1. tṛtīya.
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Tṛtīyā (तृतीया):—2. Adv. mit kar zum dritten Mal pflügen.
Tṛtīya (तृतीय) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Taia, Taiā, Taiyā, Tacca, Tiijja, Tiiya, Tia.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Tṛtīya (तृतीय) [Also spelled tratiy]:—(a) (the) third; ~[ka] tertiary.
2) Tṛtīyā (तृतीया) [Also spelled tratiya]:—(a) (the) third; (nf) the third day of the lunar fortnight.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Tṛtiya (ತೃತಿಯ):—[adjective] = ತೃತೀಯ [tritiya]1.
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Tṛtiya (ತೃತಿಯ):—[noun] that which comes, occurs, stands or is standing in the third place; anything which is placed in the third position in a series.
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Tṛtīya (ತೃತೀಯ):—[adjective] being or following immediately the second in a series; third.
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Tṛtīya (ತೃತೀಯ):—[noun] lime used with betel leaves and areca nuts (which is prepared for chewing).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Tṛtīya (तृतीय):—adj. third; 3rd; n. a fever returning every third day;
2) Tṛtīyā (तृतीया):—n. 1. the third day of lunar fortnight; 2. Gram. the instrumental case or its terminations;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+18): Tritiya-purusha, Tritiya-shreni, Tritiyabhaga, Tritiyabhiksha, Tritiyabija, Tritiyacakravartilakshanadidhititika, Tritiyacakravartilakshanaloka, Tritiyacakravartilakshanatika, Tritiyadarje, Tritiyadivasa, Tritiyagamana, Tritiyajvara, Tritiyaka, Tritiyakadhikara, Tritiyakajvara, Tritiyakam, Tritiyakar, Tritiyakarani, Tritiyakhand, Tritiyakri.
Full-text (+188): Akshayatritiya, Tritiyaprakriti, Tritiyamsha, Tritiyasavana, Tritiyasamasa, Aviyogatritiya, Ardha-tritiya, Saubhagyatritiya, Rambhatritiya, Anantatritiya, Tritiyasvara, Tattritiya, Tritiyakrita, Tritiyatva, Tritiyata, Tritiyadivasa, Anantaryatritiya, Lalitatritiya, Atmanatritiya, Tritiyakarani.
Relevant text
Search found 200 books and stories containing Tritiya, Tṛtiyā, Trtiya, Tṛtīyā, Tṛtīya, Tṛtiya; (plurals include: Tritiyas, Tṛtiyās, Trtiyas, Tṛtīyās, Tṛtīyas, Tṛtiyas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Matsya Purana (critical study) (by Kushal Kalita)
Part 4.2a - Akṣayatṛtīyā-vrata < [Chapter 4 - Religious aspects of the Matsyapurāṇa]
Part 1 - Use of Chandas (metres) in the Matsyapurāṇa < [Chapter 2 - Literary aspect of the Matsyapurāṇa]
Part 2 - Rivers and Mountains of Bhāratavarṣa < [Chapter 8 - Geographical data in the Matsyapurāṇa]
Narada Purana (English translation) (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 112 - Enumeration of Vratas to be observed on Tṛtīyās < [Part 4 - Pūrva-bhāga: Caturtha-pāda]
Part 3 - Pūrva-bhāga: Tṛtīya-pāda
Chapter 41 - The Procedure for Charitable Gifts < [Part 5 - Uttara-bhāga]
Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation) (by Swami Lokeswarananda)
Brahma Sutras (Govinda Bhashya) (by Kusakratha das Brahmacari)
Sūtra 3.4.47 < [Adhyaya 3, Pada 4]
Sūtra 3.1.22 < [Adhyaya 3, Pada 1]
Sūtra 3.2.1 < [Adhyaya 3, Pada 2]
Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)
Yavanajataka by Sphujidhvaja [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 1.16 < [Chapter 1 - The Innate Nature of the Zodiac Signs and Planets]
Verse 3.4 < [Chapter 3 - One’s Own Form of the Drekkāṇas]
Verse 3.10 < [Chapter 3 - One’s Own Form of the Drekkāṇas]