Trayodashi, Trayodaśi, Trayas-dashi: 13 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Purana
2. Vaishnavism
3. Shaktism
4. Ayurveda
In Buddhism
1. Tibetan Buddhism
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Kannada
See also

Introduction:

Trayodashi means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit term Trayodaśi can be transliterated into English as Trayodasi or Trayodashi, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी) or Trayodaśa refers to the “thirteenth day”, according to the Śivapurāṇa.

In the month of the Bhādra (August-September) in chapter 2.2.15.—“firmly resolved in her desire to secure Śiva as her husband, she (viz., Devī as Satī) propitiated him in her own house with the permission of her mother. [...] After worshipping Śiva with various fruits and flowers on the thirteenth day [Trayodaśī] in the dark half of Bhādra she took only water on the fourteenth day”.

In the month of Caitra (March-April) in chapter 2.2.18.—“[...] in the bright half of the month of Caitra on the thirteenth day [Trayodaśī] when the star was Uttarā Phalguni on a Sunday, lord Śiva started. Going ahead, with all the Devas, led by Brahmā and Viṣṇu and accompanied by the sages, Śiva shone brilliantly”.

In the month of Caitra (March-April) in chapter 2.2.20:—“[...] if anyone visits this holy site on the thirteenth day in the bright half of Caitra when the star is Uttarāphālgunī and the day is Sunday, may all his sins be quelled O Śiva; may his merits increase and may his ailments disappear”.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Trayodaśi (त्रयोदशि).—As a Śakti resident in Śodasapatrābja.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa IV. 32. 15.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Pure Bhakti: Arcana-dipika - 3rd Edition

Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी) refers to one of the various “lunar days” (tithi):—There are approximately 29.5 lunar days in a lunar month. The first fifteen days begin with the first phase of the waxing moon (pratipat) and end with the full moon (pūrṇimā). [...] In accordance with the lunar day, one would utter, [for example, trayodaśī-tithau].

context information

Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी) refers to the “thirteenth (form of Kālī)”, according to the Ambāmatasaṃhitā verse 19.32-34ab.—Accordingly, “(You who are) born as the Fire who is Mother Time and reside within time and eternity! (You who are) linked to Kālikā's Transmission in the maṇḍala of the Twelve Kālīs! (You are) the thirteenth (trayodaśī) form (of Kālī) who burns the Triple World in the centre (of the maṇḍala). (You are) emanation, persistence and withdrawal in the Great Sequence, called the Nameless and abide as awakened consciousness in the maṇḍala that awakens the Command”.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)

Source: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha Chikitsa

Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी) is taken into consideration when ascertaining the recovery for a person to be bitten by snake, as taught in the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā—an important topic from Āyurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Agadatantra or Sarpavidyā).—The malignant asterisms and baneful lunar phases and astral combinations, with reference to snake-bite, are discussed in the tail-end of the fourth Adhyāya. [...] The Kāśyapasaṃhitā mentions the following details regarding the Tithi (Date):—The pañcamī, ṣaṣṭhī, aṣṭamī and the day when there is no tithi of both the pakṣas bode well for recovery for a person to be bitten by snake. More so Dangerous are the pañcamī and trayodaśī of kṛṣṇapakṣa.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of Heroes

Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी) refers to the “thirteenth (level)”, according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly: [while explaining the body circle (kāyacakra)]: “[...] The first Yoginī in that circle is the one [who] emerged in the beginning (Vārāhī)—the twelve [classes of Yoginīs] are to be discerned by her; [they] rotate in [the twelve circles representing] the pīṭha, upapīṭha, [and so on]. The other [Yoginīs] residing at the gates and corners are [expressive of] the thirteenth Level (trayodaśi-bhūmi) [śeṣā trayodaśī bhūmi]. [Every Yoginī is] to be discerned with a name starting with ‘Vajra’ at the time of offering and praise. [This is] also the case of [the names of] the heroes. [...]”.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

trayōdaśī (त्रयोदशी).—f S The thirteenth day of the lunar fortnight.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

trayōdaśī (त्रयोदशी).—f The 13th day of the lunar fort-night.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी).—the thirteenth day of a lunar fortnight.

Trayodaśī is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms trayas and daśī (दशी).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी):—[=trayo-daśī] [from trayo-daśa > trayo > traya] f. the 13th day of a half-moon, [Manu-smṛti] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] Name of a kind of gesture, [Purāṇa-sarvasva]

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Terasī.

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Trayodaśī (त्रयोदशी):—(nf) the thirteenth day of the lunar fortnight.

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Trayōdaśi (ತ್ರಯೋದಶಿ):—[noun] the thirteenth lunar day following a full moon day or new moon day.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 19 books and stories containing Trayodashi, Trayodaśi, Trayodasi, Trayōdaśī, Trayodaśī, Trayas-dashi, Trayas-daśī, Trayas-dasi, Trayo-dashi, Trayo-daśī, Trayo-dasi, Trayōdaśi; (plurals include: Trayodashis, Trayodaśis, Trayodasis, Trayōdaśīs, Trayodaśīs, dashis, daśīs, dasis, Trayōdaśis). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Chapter CXVII - The Ananga trayodasi Vratam < [Brihaspati (Nitisara) Samhita]

Chapter CXXXVII - The Damanaka Tryodasi Vratas < [Brihaspati (Nitisara) Samhita]

Chapter CXVI - Enumeration of the names of Vratas (vows and penances) commenced < [Brihaspati (Nitisara) Samhita]

+ 1 more chapters / show preview

Verse 247-253 [Twelve Śaktis] < [Chapter 4 - Fourth Vimarśa]

Verse 261 [Śakti shines as Prakāśa-Ānanda] < [Chapter 4 - Fourth Vimarśa]

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Pradosha puja < [Chapter 6]

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Verse 3.273 < [Section XXI - Relative Merits of the Offering-Materials]

Verse 3.274 < [Section XXI - Relative Merits of the Offering-Materials]

Verse 3.47 < [Section V - Duties of Marital Life]