Tinduka, Timduka, Tiṇḍuka, Tindukā: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Tinduka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-śāstraTinduka (तिन्दुक) is a Sanskrit word, identified with Diospyros embryopteris (Malabar ebony) by various scholars in their translation of the Śukranīti. This tree is mentioned as having thorns, and should therefore be considered as wild. The King shoud place such trees in forests (not in or near villages). He should nourish them by stoole of goats, sheep and cows, water as well as meat. Note that Diospyros embryopteris is a synonym of Diospyros malabarica.
The following is an ancient Indian horticultural recipe for the nourishment of such trees:
According to Śukranīti 4.4.110-112: “The powder of the dungs of goats and sheep, the powder of Yava (barley), Tila (seeds), beef as well as water should be kept together (undisturbed) for seven nights. The application of this water leads very much to the growth in flowers and fruits of all trees (such as tinduka).”
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: archive.org: Naisadhacarita of SriharsaTinduka (तिन्दुक) refers to the “ebony tree”, and is mentioned in the Naiṣadha-carita 12.19.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of termsTinduka (तिन्दुक):—1. Fruit of nuxvomica, 2. A unit of Measurement; synonym of karsha = 12g of metric units
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Addaiyan Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences: Tantra Literature of Kerala- Special Reference to MātṛsadbhāvaTinduka (तिन्दुक) or “gaub tree” refers to of the trees used for making Bimbas or Pratimās, according to the Mātṛsadbhāva, one of the earliest Śākta Tantras from Kerala.—Mātṛsadbhāva is a Kerala Tantric ritual manual dealing with the worship of Goddess Bhadrakālī (also known as Rurujit) along with sapta-mātṛs or Seven mothers. [...] There are many descriptions about the flora and fauna in Mātṛssadbhāva. [...] In the fourth chapter the author discussed about different types of trees [e.g., tinduka] can be used to make pratimā or bimba.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: Wisdom Library: HinduismTindukā (तिन्दुका)—Sanskrit word for the plant “ebony tree” (Diospyros sp.).
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper NamesA watcher of corn (yavapalaka), who gave grass for his seat to Konagamana Buddha. BuA.214.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: Economic Life In Ancient India (as depicted in Jain canonical literature)Tinduka (तिन्दुक) refers to a kind of tree (vṛkṣa) commonly found in the forests (vaṇa) of ancient India, mentioned in the Jñātādharmakathāṅga-sūtra. Forests have been a significant part of the Indian economy since ancient days. They have been considered essential for economic development in as much as, besides bestowing many geographical advantages, they provide basic materials for building, furniture and various industries. The most important forest products are wood and timber which have been used by the mankind to fulfil his various needs—domestic, agricultural and industrial.
Different kinds of trees (e.g., the Tinduka tree) provided firewood and timber. The latter was used for furniture, building materials, enclosures, staircases, pillars, agricultural purposes, e. g. for making ploughs, transportation e. g. for making carts, chariots, boats, ships, and for various industrial needs. Vaṇa-kamma was an occupation dealing in wood and in various otherforest products. Iṅgāla-kamma was another occupation which was concerned with preparing charcoal from firewood.
Source: archive.org: Jaina YogaTinduka (तिन्दुक) in Sanskrit or Tinduga in Prakrit refers to the plant Diospyros embryopteris Pers. This plant is classifed as ananta-kāya, or “plants that are inhabited by an infinite number of living organisms”, and therefore are abhakṣya (forbidden to consume) according to Nemicandra (in his Pravacana-sāroddhāra v245-246). Those plants which are classified as ananta-kāyas (e.g., tinduka) seem to be chosen because of certain morphological peculiarities such as the possession of bulbs or rhizomes orthe habit of periodically shedding their leaves; and in general theyare characterized by possibilities of vegetative reproduction.
Source: HereNow4u: Lord Śrī MahāvīraTinduka (तिन्दुक) or Tiṃduka is the name of a garden visited by Mahāvīra during his 16th Year as Kevalī.—Completing the rainy season halt in Mithilā, the Lord went to Hastināpura. At that time, Gautama, along with a few monks, arrived at the Koṣṭhaka garden in Śrāvastī. Outside the city, the monk of Pārśva’s tradition, Keśīkumāra, was staying with his group of monks in the Tiṃduka garden. He had three kinds of knowledge: mati, śruti and avadhi.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsTinduka [ತಿಂದುಕ, ತಿಂಡುಕ] in the Kannada language is the name of a plant identified with Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel. from the Ebenaceae (ebony) family having the following synonyms: Garcinia malabarica, Diospyros peregrina. For the possible medicinal usage of tinduka, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Tinduka [तिन्दुक] in the Sanskrit language is the name of a plant identified with Diospyros paniculata Dalzell from the Ebenaceae (Ebony) family.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarytinduka : (m.) the tree Diospyros embryopteris.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryTinduka, (Sk. tinduka) the tree Diospyros embryopteris D. I, 178 (v. l. tiṇḍ°; J. V, 99; tiṇḍukāni food in a hermitage J. IV, 434; VI, 532.—tindukakandarā Npl. the T. cave Vin. II, 76.—See also timbaru & timbarūsaka. (Page 303)
— or —
Tiṇḍuka, see tinduka. (Page 302)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryTinduka (तिन्दुक).—Name of a tree.
Derivable forms: tindukaḥ (तिन्दुकः).
See also (synonyms): tindu, tindula.
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Tinduka (तिन्दुक).—The fruit of the ebony tree.
-kam A kind of measure (karṣa).
Derivable forms: tindukam (तिन्दुकम्).
See also (synonyms): tindukī.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryTinduka (तिन्दुक).—mf. (-kaḥ-kī) A sort of ebony, (Diospyros glutinosa.) f. (-kī) The resinous fruit of this tree: see the preceding. Also with i substituted for the final tinduki. n.
(-kaṃ) A Karsha, the measure. E. tindu, and kan added.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryTinduka (तिन्दुक).—m. and f. kī, A tree, Diospyros embryopteris Pers., [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 94, 8; [Suśruta] 2, 25, 2.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryTinduka (तिन्दुक).—[masculine] ī [feminine] [Name] of a plant.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Tinduka (तिन्दुक):—[from tindu] m. Diospyros embryopteris, (n.) its fruit (yielding a kind of resin used as pitch for caulking vessels etc.), [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Suśruta; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] m. = du q.v.
3) [v.s. ...] n. a kind of weight (= karṣa; = suvarṇa, [Caraka vii, 12]), [Śārṅgadhara-saṃhitā i, 21; Aṣṭāṅga-hṛdaya]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryTinduka (तिन्दुक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. A sort of ebony. f. (kī) Its resinous fruit.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Tinduka (तिन्दुक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Tiṃduga, Tiṃduya, Teṃdu, Teṃdua, Teṃduga.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusTiṃḍuka (ತಿಂಡುಕ):—[noun] the medium sized , evergreen tree Diospyros peregrina (= D. embryopteris, = D/ glutenifera) of Ebenaceae family, the fruits of which contain tannin.
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Tiṃduka (ತಿಂದುಕ):—[noun] = ತಿಂಡುಕ [timduka].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Tinduka Jataka, Tindukacira, Tindukadayaka, Tindukagama, Tindukakandara, Tindukakhanu, Tindukakhanukapiribbajakarama, Tindukakhanupiribbajakarama, Tindukalata, Tindukamatta, Tindukaphala, Tindukaphaladayaka, Tindukarukkha, Tindukarukkhaalata, Tindukatirtha.
Full-text (+26): Kakatinduka, Markatatinduka, Tinduka Jataka, Kalatinduka, Tinduki, Tindukadayaka, Tindula, Vishatinduka, Tindu, Tindukacira, Tainduka, Tinguda, Nilasara, Atimuktaka, Tinduga, Tindukalata, Tindukatirtha, Tindukarukkha, Timduya, Temburani.
Relevant text
Search found 55 books and stories containing Tinduka, Tanu-uka, Tanu-uka, Timduka, Tiṃḍuka, Tiṃduka, Tiṇḍuka, Tindukā, Tinḍuka; (plurals include: Tindukas, ukas, Timdukas, Tiṃḍukas, Tiṃdukas, Tiṇḍukas, Tindukās, Tinḍukas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Jataka tales [English], Volume 1-6 (by Robert Chalmers)
Jataka 177: Tiṇḍuka-jātaka < [Book II - Dukanipāta]
Jataka 520: Gaṇḍatindu-jātaka < [Volume 5]
Jataka 516: Mahākapi-jātaka < [Volume 5]
Ramayana (by Manmatha Nath Dutt)
Chapter XXIV < [Book 1 - Bāla-kāṇḍa]
Tibetan tales (derived from Indian sources) (by W. R. S. Ralston)
Garuda Purana (by Manmatha Nath Dutt)
Chapter CXCVI - Therapeutic properties of drugs < [Dhanvantari Samhita]
Chapter CCXVII - Various Recipes for the cure of sterility, virile impotency, etc. < [Dhanvantari Samhita]
Chapter CXCII - Medicinal recipes of inffalible effcacies < [Dhanvantari Samhita]
Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 202 - Greatness of Rāmeśvara Ksetra < [Section 1 - Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya]
Chapter 6 - Description of the Land of Utkala < [Section 2 - Puruṣottama-kṣetra-māhātmya]
Chapter 2 - The Greatness of Revā < [Section 3 - Revā-khaṇḍa]
Vrikshayurveda (and environmental philosophy) (by Beenapani Mishra)
7. Trees in association with Constellations < [Chapter 5 - Religious Significance of Plantation and Rearing of Trees]
9. Environmental Philosophy behind the Growth of Trees < [Chapter 7 - Environmental Philosophy]
3. The Significance of Plantation < [Chapter 4 - Environmental Values as Reflected in Vrikshayurveda Texts]
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