Thambha: 7 definitions
Introduction:
Thambha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Buddhism
General definition (in Buddhism)
Thambha (“obstinacy”) in Buddhism refers to one of the sixteen upakilesa (subtle defilements).
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Thambha (थम्भ, “conceit”) refers to one of the “thirteen difficulties”, according to the “Teraha kāṭhīyā-svādhyāya” by Jinaharṣa (dealing with the Ethics section of Jain Canonical literature), which is included in the collection of manuscripts at the ‘Vincenzo Joppi’ library, collected by Luigi Pio Tessitori during his visit to Rajasthan between 1914 and 1919.—The exposition of the ‘thirteen difficulties’ against which one should fight as they are hindrances to proper religious practice is a widespread topic in Jain literature in Gujarati. They are either listed in brief compositions or described with several verses for each of the components. The list of terms is always the same, with a few variations in designations: [e.g., conceit (thambha or māna), ...].—See ch. Krause 1999, p. 277 for the list as found in a Ratnasañcaya-granth stanza 118.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
thambha : (m.) a pillar; post; a clump of grass; obduracy.
Thambha, (see etym. under thaddha; occasionally spelt thamba, viz. A. I, 100; M. I, 324; PvA. 186, 187) 1. a pillar, a post Vin. I, 276; D. I, 50 (majjhimaṃ °ṃ nissāya); II, 85 (id.); Sn. 214; Vv 782 (veḷuriya°, of the pillars of a Vimāna); Pv III, 31 (id.); DhA. IV, 203; VvA. 188 (+tulā-gopānasī); PvA. 186.—2. (fig.) in all meanings of thaddha, applied to selfishness, obduracy, hypocrisy & deceit; viz. immobility, hardness, stupor, obstinacy (cp. Ger. “verstockt”): thambho ti thaddha-bhāvo SnA 288, 333; th. thambhanā thambhittaṃ kakkhaliyaṃ phāruliyaṃ ujucittatā (an°?) amudutā Vbh. 350.—Often combined w. māna (=arrogance), frequent in set sāṭheyyaṃ th. sārambho māno, etc. A. I, 100, 299=Nd2 under rāga=Miln. 289; cp. M. I, 15.—A. III, 430 (+māna); IV, 350, 465 (+sāṭheyya); Sn. 245 (+mada), 326, 437 (as one of Māra’s combatants: makkho th. te aṭṭhamo); J. I, 202.—3. a clump of grass M. I, 324; cp. thambhaka. (Page 308)
thambha (ထမ္ဘ) [(pu,na) (ပု၊န)]—
[thabhi+a．nīti,dhā．127．dhātvattha．174．thambha+a．dhara+rambha．thambhapaṭibandhane,thambho,dhāretīti vā thambho,dhara dharaṇe,rambha-paccayoç vaṇṇavikāro ca．,ṭī．22va．(-364)．(stambha-saṃ)]
[ထဘိ+အ။ နီတိ၊ ဓာ။ ၁၂၇။ ဓာတွတ္ထ။ ၁၇၄။ ထမ္ဘ+အ။ ဓရ+ရမ္ဘ။ ထမ္ဘပဋိဗန္ဓနေ၊ ထမ္ဘော၊ ဓာရေတီတိ ဝါ ထမ္ဘော၊ ဓရ ဓရဏေ၊ ရမ္ဘ-ပစ္စယော,ဝဏ္ဏဝိကာရော စ။ ဓာန်၊ ဋီ။ ၂၂ဝ။ (-၃၆၄)။ (သ္တမ္ဘ-သံ)]
[Pali to Burmese]
thambha—
(Burmese text): (၁) ထမ္ဘ-မည်သော ကိလေသာ (မာန,ဒေါသ,လောဘသဟဂုတ် စိတ္တုပ္ပါဒ်)၊ (က) (ကော်တင်အပ်သော အဝတ်အထည်ကဲ့သို့) စိတ်၏ တောင့်မာ-ခြင်း-ကြောင်း။ (၂) လည်းကြည့်ပါ။ (ခ) (ထွန်တုံးကို မျိုသော စပါးကြီးမြွေကဲ့သို့) တောင့်ခိုင်-မကိုင်းညွတ်-မရိုသေ-ခြင်း-ကြောင်း။ (ဂ) (လေဖြင့်ပြည့်သော အိတ်ကဲ့သို့) တင်းမာ-မပျော့ပျောင်း-ခြင်း-ကြောင်း။ (ဃ) ကြမ်းထမ်း-မနူးညံ့-မသိမ်မွေ့-ခြင်း-ကြောင်း။ (၂) လည်းကြည့်ပါ။ (င) ကိုယ်,စိတ်တို့၏ မရွေ့ရှား-ခြင်း-ကြောင်း၊ ကိုယ်,စိတ်တို့၏-တောင့်တင်း-ခိုင်မာ-ခြင်း-ကြောင်း။ (၂) တိုင်၊ (က) ဘုရားတန်ဆောင်းတိုင်။ (ခ) တံခွန်တိုင်။ ထမ္ဘာရောပက-လည်းကြည့်။ (ဂ) ကျောင်းတိုင်။ (ဃ) သုဓမ္မာစ (ဇ) ရပ်တိုင်။ (င) ပြာသာဒ်တိုင်။ (စ) စြင်္ကံဆောင်တိုင်။ (ဆ) မဏ္ဍပ်-ကန္နား-တိုင်။ (ဇ) စောင်းတန်း-လှေခါး-တိုင်။ (ဈ) အိမ်တိုင်။ (၁) (က) လည်းကြည့်ပါ။ (ည) နယ်ခြားမှတ်တိုင်။ (ဋ) တံခါးတိုင်။ (ဌ) ရေချိုးဆိပ်၌ မြှုပ်စိုက်ထားအပ်သော တိုင်၊ ချေး-ပွတ်-တွန်း-တိုင်။ (ဍ) (ပြူတင်း) ပွတ်တိုင်။ (ဎ) (လှည်း,ရထား) ရံတိုင်။ ထမ္ဘကသမုဒါယ-ကြည့်။ (ဏ) နွားချည်တိုင်။ (တ) ဆင်ချည်တိုင်။ (ထ) မြွေချည်တိုင်။ (ဒ) မိကျောင်းချည်တိုင်။ (ဓ) ငှက်ချည်တိုင်။ (န) ခွေးချည်တိုင်။ (ပ) မြေခွေး-တောခွေး-ခွေးအ-ချည်တိုင်။ (ဖ) မျောက်ချည်တိုင်။ (၃) တိုင်နှင့်တူသော (ကာယဂတာသတိ-စသည်)။
(Auto-Translation): (1) The nature of attachment (such as pride, anger, greed, etc.), (a) The severity of the mind, similar to the clothes worn tightly. (2) Also look at it. (b) The intensity, akin to the strong heat of a boiled grain. (c) The firmness, like a bag filled with air. (d) The roughness, not softened or confused. (2) Also look at it. (e) The immobility of the body and mind; the tightness and firmness of the body and mind. (2) Determining: (a) The shrine marker. (b) The pillar marker. Look at the worldly intersection as well. (c) School marker. (d) Truth marker. (e) Boundary marker. (f) Problem-solving marker. (g) Mandala (a sacred geometric symbol) marker. (h) House marker. (1) (a) Also look at it. (n) Boundary post marker. (o) Door marker. (p) The marker submerged in the bathing area, pulling and pushing markers. (q) (Puytung) thrust marker. (r) (Car, Train) indicator marker. Look at the sublime (Tamu) marker. (s) Cow tether marker. (t) Elephant tether marker. (u) Snake tether marker. (v) Village tether marker. (w) Dog tether marker. (x) Earthworm-quadruped tether marker. (y) Monkey tether marker. (3) Similar to markers (such as Kaya Gata Awareness, etc.).
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Thaṃbha (थंभ) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Stambh.
2) Thaṃbha (थंभ) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Stambha.
3) Thaṃbha (थंभ) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Stambha.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+13): Thambhabhava, Thambhabhittipadussapana, Thambhaghatika, Thambhaharana, Thambhaka, Thambhakasamudaya, Thambhakavatapana, Thambhamala, Thambhamatta, Thambhamatthaka, Thambhana, Thambhanacalanakiriya, Thambhanakara, Thambhanaya, Thambhani, Thambhaniddesa, Thambhaniya, Thambhanuparivattana, Thambhapanti, Thambhapaticchaka.
Full-text (+63): Upatthambha, Thambhati, Thambhaka, Dalhatthambha, Avagalhatthambha, Nikhatathambha, Mandapatthambha, Kammatthanathambha, Thambhaharana, Thambhussapana, Thapitatthambha, Darutthambha, Kancanatthambha, Kayagatasatithambha, Pathamathambha, Masaragallatthambha, Thambhitum, Thambhaghatika, Alankaratthambha, Thitamandapatthambha.
Relevant text
Search found 11 books and stories containing Thambha, Thabhi-a, Ṭhaṃbha, Ṭhambha, Thaṃbha; (plurals include: Thambhas, as, Ṭhaṃbhas, Ṭhambhas, Thaṃbhas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 119 < [Gujarati-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 53 < [Gujarati-Hindi-English, Volume 3]
Page 623 < [English-Urdu-Hindi (1 volume)]
Lay-Life of India as reflected in Pali Jataka (by Rumki Mondal)
Part 6.2 - Network Narrative Mode < [Chapter 4 - Place of Jātaka in Art and Culture]
Canons of Orissan Architecture (by R. Chatterjee)
Maha Buddhavamsa—The Great Chronicle of Buddhas (by Ven. Mingun Sayadaw)
Part 2 - Māra’s Visit to deter the Bodhisatta by feigning Goodwill < [Chapter 6 - The Practice of Severe Austerities]
Rural and Agricultural Glossary (by William Crooke)
Page 283 < [Rural and Architectural Glossary (pages)]
A Historical Study of Kaushambi (by Nirja Sharma)
Sculptures from Kaushambi < [Chapter 4]