Surendra, Sura-indra, Suremdra: 13 definitions
Introduction:
Surendra means something in Jainism, Prakrit, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsSurendra (सुरेन्द्र) refers to the “chiefs of gods ”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Here in the world a whole multitude of objects, and the supremacy that is desired by the chiefs of snakes, men and gods (surendra—uraganarasurendraiḥ prārthitaṃ), and other than [that], family, power, prosperity, and wanton women, etc. is easily obtained. On the contrary, that very same jewel of enlightenment alone is difficult to obtain. [Thus ends the reflection on] enlightenment”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Wisdom Library: India HistorySurendra refers to one of the 84 castes (gaccha) in the Jain community according to Prof. H. H. Wilson. The Jain caste and sub-caste system was a comparatively later development within their community, and it may have arisen from the ancient classification of Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya and Śūdra. Before distinction of these classes (such as Surendra), the society was not divided into distinct separate sections, but all were considered as different ways of life and utmost importance was attached to individual chartacter and mode of behaviour.
According to Dr. Vilas Adinath Sangava, “Jainism does not recognise castes (viz., Surendra) as such and at the same time the Jaina books do not specifically obstruct the observance of caste rules by the members of the Jaina community. The attitude of Jainism towards caste is that it is one of the social practices, unconnected with religion, observed by people; and it was none of its business to regulate the working of the caste system” (source).
The legendary account of the origin of these 84 Jain castes (e.g., Surendra) relate that once a rich Jain invited members of the Jain community in order to establish a vaiśya-mahāsabhā (i.e. Central Association of Traders). In response, 84 representatives came from different places, and they were later seen as the progenitors of these castes. Various sources however mention differences in the list.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionarySurendra (सुरेन्द्र).—
1) Name of Indra.
2) Name of Viṣṇu. (upendraḥ); स्वर्लोकमागच्छ गतज्वरश्चिरं सुरेन्द्र गुप्तं गतदोषकल्मषम् (svarlokamāgaccha gatajvaraściraṃ surendra guptaṃ gatadoṣakalmaṣam) Rām.1.15.34. °गोपः (gopaḥ) a cochineal. °जित् (jit) m. Name of Garuḍa.
Derivable forms: surendraḥ (सुरेन्द्रः).
Surendra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms sura and indra (इन्द्र). See also (synonyms): sureśa, sureśvara.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionarySurendrā (सुरेन्द्रा).—name of a kiṃnara maid: Kāraṇḍavvūha 6.20.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionarySurendra (सुरेन्द्र).—m.
(-ndraḥ) A name of Indra. E. sura a deity, and indra chief.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionarySurendra (सुरेन्द्र).—[masculine] lord of gods (Indra).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus CatalogorumSurendra (सुरेन्द्र) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—guru of Vijayīndra Yatīndra (Paratattvaprakāśikā). Hall. p. 113.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Surendra (सुरेन्द्र):—[from sura > sur] m. chief of the gods ([especially] Name of Indra), [Manu-smṛti; Raghuvaṃśa; Bhāgavata-purāṇa] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] Name of a king, [Rājataraṅgiṇī]
3) [v.s. ...] of a teacher, [Catalogue(s)]
4) [v.s. ...] a kind of bulbous plant (Arum), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) Surendrā (सुरेन्द्रा):—[from surendra > sura > sur] f. Name of a Kiṃnarī, [Kāraṇḍa-vyūha]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionarySurendra (सुरेन्द्र):—(ndraḥ) 1. m. A name of Indra.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Surendra (सुरेन्द्र) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Suriṃda.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionarySurendra in Hindi refers in English to:—(nm) Indra—the chief of gods..—surendra (सुरेंद्र) is alternatively transliterated as Sureṃdra.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusSurēṃdra (ಸುರೇಂದ್ರ):—[noun] Indra, the lord of gods.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Suremdratva, Surendrabha, Surendracapa, Surendradatta, Surendragopa, Surendrajit, Surendraka, Surendrakanda, Surendraloka, Surendralupta, Surendramala, Surendranath Dasgupta, Surendrapujya, Surendrasamhita, Surendrashishya, Surendrata, Surendravati.
Ends with: Asurendra.
Full-text (+8): Surendravati, Surendraloka, Surendrajit, Surendragopa, Surendrata, Sauraka, Suresha, Sureshvara, Surendrasamhita, Curentiran, Surendramala, Surendracapa, Surendralupta, Surendrashishya, Surendrakanda, Saurasa, Surendrapujya, Surimda, Suremdra, Vijayindra yatindra.
Relevant text
Search found 18 books and stories containing Surendra, Sura-indra, Suremdra, Surēṃdra, Surendrā, Surēndra; (plurals include: Surendras, indras, Suremdras, Surēṃdras, Surendrās, Surēndras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 9.20 < [Chapter 9 - Rāja-guhya-yoga (Yoga through the most Confidential Knowledge)]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 4.6.15 < [Part 5 - Dread (bhayānaka-rasa)]
Verse 2.4.75 < [Part 4 - Transient Ecstatic Disturbances (vyābhicāri-bhāva)]
Verse 2.1.176 < [Part 1 - Ecstatic Excitants (vibhāva)]
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 17 - Apsareśvara (apsara-īśvara-liṅga) < [Section 2 - Caturaśīti-liṅga-māhātmya]
Chapter 23 - The Greatness of Akṣaya Tṛtīyā < [Section 7 - Vaiśākhamāsa-māhātmya]
Chapter 24 - The Marriage Ceremony of Śiva < [Section 1 - Kedāra-khaṇḍa]
Dasarupaka (critical study) (by Anuru Ranjan Mishra)
Introduction to the Samavakāra type of Drama < [Chapter 6 - Samavakāra (critical study)]
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)
Section V < [Ashvamedhika Parva]
Reviews < [Oct-Nov-Dec 1940]
Post – Modern Literature < [October – December, 2004]
M. S. Subbalakshmi < [Jan-Feb 1940]