Sthanakhanda, Sthānakhaṇḍa, Sthana-khanda: 1 definition
Introduction:
Sthanakhanda means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
Source: archive.org: Hindu MathematicsSthānakhaṇḍa (स्थानखण्ड) refers to the “multiplication by separation of places” and represents one of the various methods of Guṇana (“multiplication”) which represents one of the twenty operations (logistics) of pāṭīgaṇita (“science of calculation which requires the use of writing material—the board”), according to Pṛthudakasvāmī’s commentary on the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta by Brahmagupta, a Sanskrit treatise on ancient Indian mathematics (gaṇita-śāstra) and astronomy from the 7th century.—This method of multiplication known as sthāna-khaṇḍa, is based on the separation of the digits of the multiplicand or of the multiplier. It has been mentioned in all the works from 628 A.D. onwards.—These methods [e.g., sthānakhaṇḍa] were transmitted to Arabia in the eighth century and were thence communicated to Europe, where they occur in the writings of medieval mathematicians.
Bhāskara II in the Līlāvatī: “Multiply separately by the places of figures and add together”.—[With reference to the example 135x12, Bhāskara II explains the method thus:]—“Taking the digits separately, viz., 1 and 2, the multiplicand being multiplied by them severally, and the products added together according to places, the result is 1620”.
The sthāna-khaṇḍa and the gomūtrikā methods resemble the modern plan of multiplication most closely. The sthānakhaṇḍa method was employed when working on paper
Ganitashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, gaṇitaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Sthana, Khanda.
Full-text: Brahmaranyamahatmya, Gomutrika.
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