Shishu, Śiśu, Sishu, Sì shù, Si shu, Sì shū, Shī shū, Shi shu, Shí shǔ, Shí shù, Shǐ shū, Shǐ shù, Shì shù, Shì shū, Sī shū, Sī shú, Sī shǔ, Shí shū, Sī shù: 46 definitions
Introduction:
Shishu means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Śiśu can be transliterated into English as Sisu or Shishu, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Śiśu (शिशु).—A son born to the Saptamātṛs due to the blessing of Subrahmaṇya. The eyes of the child were blood-red. It was called Vīrāṣṭaka as well. (Vana Parva, Chapter 228, Verse 11).
Śiśu (शिशु) refers to a “child”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.10.—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] Thus Śiva remained for a long time eliminating the three attributes, and unaffected by aberrations. The lord Himself, the controller of illusion remained in the state of the Supreme Brahman. Then He gave up trance. Many years elapsed. What happened thereafter, I shall now recount to you. The drops of sweat caused by exhaustion fell on the Earth from the lord’s forehead and took the shape of a child [i.e., śiśu] immediately. [...]”.
1a) Śiśu (शिशु).—A son of Balarāma.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 71. 166.
1b) A son of Sāraṇa.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 96. 164; Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 15. 21.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Śiśu (शिशु) refers to a “small child”, according to the Devīpañcaśatikā verse 2.74-79.—Accordingly: “One should draw the supreme goddess there. She is Śuṣkā and, auspicious, her face is emaciated. [...] She is Aghorā and her teeth are fearsome. She makes the great (magical) sound ‘phet’. Her hair is tied up (on the top of her head) and, auspicious, she has three eyes and holds a large (sacrificial) vessel. Her breasts are shrivelled up and her belly is very thin. She holds the ear of a small child [i.e., śiśu-karṇa-avalambinī]. Ferocious, she is adorned with a garland of severed heads and ornaments made of great snakes. Having drawn her in this form, one should worship the Mother (of the letters) there”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Śiśu (शिशु) refers to “infants”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 16) (“On the planets—graha-bhaktiyoga”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “[...] Mercury also presides over painters, grammarians, mathematicians, physicians, sculptors, spies, jugglers, infants (śiśu), poets, rogues, tale-bearers, black-magicians, messengers, eunuchs, buffoons, sorcerers and conjurers; over sentinels, dancers and dancing masters; over ghee, gingelly and other oils; over seeds, over bitter flavour, over observers of religious ceremonies, over chemists and mules”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)
Śiśu (शिशु) is the name of an ingredient used in the treatment of Maṇḍalī-snake-bites, according to the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā, which represents the Ayurvedic study on Toxicology (Viṣavidyā or Sarpavidyā).—A number of different permutation and combination of herbs are prescribed as Lepa and Pāna for removing the poison of Maṇḍalī snakes.—According to the Kāśyapasaṃhitā verse 9.78ab: “Powder of Turmeric, stem of Alarka, Banana, Tumbī, asafoetida, Munidruma/Agastyavṛkṣa, Śiśo (śiśu), Nīlī, stem of Guñjā mixed with fresh water cures Maṇḍalīviṣa”.
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Śiśu (शिशु) refers to an “elephant in his seventh year”, according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 5, “on marks of the stages of life”]: “8. With firm (compact) nails, soles, joints, proha, saṃdāna, cikkā, pali, trunk, and nail tips, eating with the teeth, itchy, showing well-developed speed of limbs and well-developed avaskāra, with smooth forelegs and ends of the trunk tips, he is declared to be a ‘youngster’ (śiśu), in the seventh year”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shyanika-shastra (the science of Hawking and Hunting)
Śiśu (शिशु) refers to a “young gazelle” (which were often the victim of hunters), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the outlines of hawking]: “[...] Caraka, when it seizes a young (śiśu) gazelle [hāriṇaṃ śiśumādāya] and eats its limbs and entrails, produces irresistibly a loathing. Kecuka and other birds, afraid of the swiftness of the wings of Ṭonā and others, hiding themselves motionless in bushes, produce the emotion of fear”.
Shyanika-shastra (श्यैनिकशास्त्र, śyainikaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian skill of hawking/falconry (one of the ways of hunting) which were laid down in a systematic manner in various Sanskrit treatises. It also explains the philosophy behind how the pleasures derived from sense-experience could lead the way to liberation.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Sishu in Chinese refers to the “Four Textbooks” (in Confucian tradition) which are known in Tibetan as yig cha bzhi.—Accordingly, [while describing the history of the tradition known as the “star-like Ru”]: The first king, Fu Xi, composed a text on the bagua (eight trigrams) called Lianshan; it was the first of the great texts to appear, and it became the principal treatise on the subject. [...] Now, Confucius was the illuminator of the Ru tradition, but he wrote only a few of its basic verse texts; his disciples and grand-disciples commented extensively upon them in what are known as the sishu, or “four textbooks”. All Chinese scholars first study these later writings and make them the basis of their education.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Chinese Buddhism
四術 [si shu]—idem 四執 [si zhi].
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
四書 [si shu]—Four Books — [Terminology] The "Monastic Rules (清規 [qing gui]) for Self-Cultivation at Jiàoyuàn Monastery" by Song Yunwai (宋雲外 [song yun wai]) state: "New students, when reading texts among the Four Books, should begin with the Fourfold Teaching (四教儀 [si jiao yi])." The Four Books are: Tiantai's "Successive Stages of the Dharma Realm (法界次第 [fa jie ci di])," the "Fourfold Teaching (四教儀 [si jiao yi])," the "Commentary on the Precepts (戒疏 [jie shu])," and the "Small Samatha-vipassana (小止觀 [xiao zhi guan])." See above under Tiantai Studies (天台學 [tian tai xue]).
四書—【名數】宋雲外之自度教苑清規曰：「新學讀文於四書中，當自四教儀而始。」四書者天台之法界次第，四教儀，戒疏，小止觀是也，見天台學則上。
[míng shù] sòng yún wài zhī zì dù jiào yuàn qīng guī yuē: “xīn xué dú wén yú sì shū zhōng, dāng zì sì jiào yí ér shǐ.” sì shū zhě tiān tái zhī fǎ jiè cì dì, sì jiào yí, jiè shū, xiǎo zhǐ guān shì yě, jiàn tiān tái xué zé shàng.
[ming shu] song yun wai zhi zi du jiao yuan qing gui yue: "xin xue du wen yu si shu zhong, dang zi si jiao yi er shi." si shu zhe tian tai zhi fa jie ci di, si jiao yi, jie shu, xiao zhi guan shi ye, jian tian tai xue ze shang.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
四樹 [si shu]—Four Trees – A metaphor (譬喻 [pi yu]) for the Four Vehicles (四乘 [si cheng]) of Śrāvakas (聲聞 [sheng wen]), Pratyekabuddhas (緣覺 [yuan jue]), Bodhisattvas (菩薩 [pu sa]), and Buddhas (佛 [fu]). It draws from the metaphor of the three kinds of grasses and two kinds of trees (三草二木 [san cao er mu]) in the Lotus Sutra (法華 [fa hua]), hence the name 'trees.' The Preface to the Treatise on Promoting Zen and Protecting the Nation (興禪護國論序 [xing chan hu guo lun xu]) states: "The texts of the Three Wheels and Eight Treasuries (三輪八藏 [san lun ba cang]), and the essence of the Four Trees and Five Vehicles (五乘 [wu cheng])."
四樹—【譬喻】聲聞，緣覺，菩薩，佛之四乘也。取法華之三草二木之譬喻，故曰樹。興禪護國論序曰：「三輪八藏之文，四樹五乘之旨。」
[pì yù] shēng wén, yuán jué, pú sà, fú zhī sì chéng yě. qǔ fǎ huá zhī sān cǎo èr mù zhī pì yù, gù yuē shù. xìng chán hù guó lùn xù yuē: “sān lún bā cáng zhī wén, sì shù wǔ chéng zhī zhǐ.”
[pi yu] sheng wen, yuan jue, pu sa, fu zhi si cheng ye. qu fa hua zhi san cao er mu zhi pi yu, gu yue shu. xing chan hu guo lun xu yue: "san lun ba cang zhi wen, si shu wu cheng zhi zhi."
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
Biology (plants and animals)
Sisu [সিসু] in the Assamese language is the name of a plant identified with Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC. from the Fabaceae (Pea) family having the following synonyms: Dalbergia pendula, Pterocarpus sissoo. For the possible medicinal usage of sisu, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
1) Sisu in English (or Sishu in India) is the name of a plant defined with Dalbergia sissoo in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Amerimnon sissoo Kuntze, Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., nom. illeg. (among others).
2) Sisu in India is also identified with Citrus aurantium It has the synonym Citrus amara Link (etc.).
3) Sisu is also identified with Dalbergia latifolia It has the synonym Amerimnon latifolium (Roxb.) Kuntze, nom. illeg. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research (1990)
· Flora Indica; or, descriptions of Indian Plants (1832)
· Nova Genera et Species Plantarum (1823)
· Revisio Generum Plantarum (1891)
· Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (1981)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Sisu, for example health benefits, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, side effects, diet and recipes, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
śiśu (शिशु).—m S A young one of man or an animal in general; a child, a calf, a pup, a cub, a whelp. Applied in poetry also to the young one of a fish. Ex. asō macchaśiśūnēṃ ugaḷūna || āṇūna ṭhēvilā pūrvasthaḷīṃ ||.
śiśu (शिशु).—m A child. A calf; a pup.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Śiśu (शिशु).—[śo-ku sanvadbhāvaḥ dvitvam cf. Uṇādi-sūtra 1.2]
1) A child, an infant; शिशुर्वा शिष्या वा (śiśurvā śiṣyā vā) Uttararāmacarita 4.11.
2) The young of any animal (as a calf, puppy, fawn &c.); नष्टाशङ्का हरिणशिशवो मन्दमन्दं चरन्ति (naṣṭāśaṅkā hariṇaśiśavo mandamandaṃ caranti) Ś.1.15;7.14,18.
3) A boy under eight or sixteen years of age.
4) A pupil, scholar.
5) An elephant in the sixth year; Mātaṅga L.5.8.
Derivable forms: śiśuḥ (शिशुः).
Śiśu (शिशु).—m.
(-śuḥ) 1. The young of man or any animal, a child, a calf, &c. 2. A pupil, a scholar. 3. A boy under eight years of age. 4. A lad or boy not more than sixteen. E. śo to destroy, Unadi aff. u, and the root repeated, with i substituted for the semivowel to which the radical vowel is changed in its inflections.
Śiśu (शिशु).—i. e. reduplic. śvi, m. 1. The young of man or any animal, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 121; [Pañcatantra] 160, 4; a child, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 241; a calf, [Pañcatantra] 182, 12; a pup, etc. 2. A boy. 3. A pupil.
Śiśu (शिशु).—[masculine] young, child.
Śiśu (शिशु) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—son of Vaṭeśa: Jātakasāra.
1) Śiśu (शिशु):—m. ([from] √1. śū = śvi) a child, infant, the young of any animal (as a calf, puppy etc.; also applied to young plants, and to the recently risen sun; often ifc.), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
2) a boy under eight years of age, [Horace H. Wilson]
3) a lad under sixteen, [ib.]
4) a pupil, scholar, [ib.]
5) Name of Skanda, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] (cf. kumāra)
6) of a descendant of Aṅgiras (author of [Ṛg-veda ix, 112]), [Anukramaṇikā]
7) of a son of Sāraṇa, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
8) of a king, [Buddhist literature]
9) [according to] to some also = śiśna, ‘membrum virile’
10) mfn. young, infantine, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Śiśu (शिशु):—(śuḥ) 2. m. The young of man or any animal; an infant, a child.
Śiśu (शिशु):—
Śiśu (शिशु) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Sisu.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Śiśu (शिशु):—(nm) an infant; a baby; child; -[kalyāṇa] child welfare; -[kalyāṇa keṃndra] child welfare centre; ~[gṛha] a nursery; ~[ghāta/ ~ghātaka] infanticide; -[pakṣāghāta] infantile paralysis; ~[pālana] rearing of children; ~[pālana-gṛha] a nursery; -[bali] child sacrifice; ~[hatyā] infanticide; -[hatyārā] infanticide.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Sisu (सिसु) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Śiśu.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Śiśu (ಶಿಶು):—
1) [noun] a very young child; a baby; an infant.
2) [noun] a young of any animal.
3) [noun] a student, pupil (as related to his teacher).
--- OR ---
Sisu (ಸಿಸು):—
1) [noun] (correctly, ಶಿಶು [shishu])1. a very young child; a baby; an infant.
2) [noun] a young boy or girl.
--- OR ---
Sīsu (ಸೀಸು):—[noun] = ಸೀಸ [sisa]3.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Śiśu (ஶிஶு) noun < śiśu. Child. See சிசு¹. [sisu¹.]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Śiśu (शिशु):—n. 1. a child; an infant; 2. the young of an animal; 3. child under eight to sixteen years of age;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
Chinese-English dictionary
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
詩書 [shī shū] [shi shu]—
"The Book of Poetry" (《詩經 [shi jing]》) and "The Book of Documents" (《書經 [shu jing]》), also generally referring to all classics (經書 [jing shu]). For example, "well-read in poetry and books" (飽讀 [bao du]). "Zuo Zhuan • 27th Year of Duke Xi" (《左傳 [zuo chuan]．僖公二十七年 [xi gong er shi qi nian]》): "Poetry and books are the repository of righteousness." (，義之府也 [yi zhi fu ye]。) "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Chapter 23 (《三國演義 [san guo yan yi]》第二三回 [di er san hui]): "Not reading poetry and books is a vulgar mouth." (不讀 [bu du]，是口濁也 [shi kou zhuo ye]。)
詩書：《詩經》和《書經》，亦泛指一切經書。如：「飽讀詩書」。《左傳．僖公二十七年》：「詩書，義之府也。」《三國演義》第二三回：「不讀詩書，是口濁也。」
shī shū: < shī jīng> hé < shū jīng>, yì fàn zhǐ yī qiè jīng shū. rú: “bǎo dú shī shū” . < zuǒ chuán． xī gōng èr shí qī nián>: “shī shū, yì zhī fǔ yě.” < sān guó yǎn yì> dì èr sān huí: “bù dú shī shū, shì kǒu zhuó yě.”
shi shu: < shi jing> he < shu jing>, yi fan zhi yi qie jing shu. ru: "bao du shi shu" . < zuo chuan. xi gong er shi qi nian>: "shi shu, yi zhi fu ye." < san guo yan yi> di er san hui: "bu du shi shu, shi kou zhuo ye."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
師叔 [shī shū] [shi shu]—
Teacher's younger brother or fellow apprentice (Shidi, 师弟 [shi di]).
師叔：稱老師的弟弟或師弟。
shī shū: chēng lǎo shī de dì dì huò shī dì.
shi shu: cheng lao shi de di di huo shi di.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
鼫鼠 [shí shǔ] [shi shu]—
1. Animal name. Mammal, Rodentia. It resembles a rabbit, with a short tail, red eyes, and fur in colors such as black, white, and brown. It likes to eat millet, beans, chestnuts, persimmons, etc. It is a major pest to crops.
動物名 [dong wu ming] (dòngwù míng): Animal name
哺乳綱 [bu ru gang] (bǔrǔ gāng): Mammal
嚙齒目 [nie chi mu] (nièchǐ mù): Rodentia
粟豆 [su dou] (sù dòu): Millet and beans
栗柿 [li shi] (lì shì): Chestnuts and persimmons
農作物 [nong zuo wu] (nóngzuòwù): Crops
2. Another name for the mole cricket. See the entry for "螻蛄 [lou gu] (lóugū)".
螻蛄 [lou gu] (lóugū): Mole cricket
鼫鼠：1.動物名。哺乳綱嚙齒目。形似兔，尾短、眼紅，毛有黑、白、褐等色，喜食粟豆及栗柿等。為農作物的巨害。
2.螻蛄的別名。參見「螻蛄」條。
shí shǔ:1. dòng wù míng. bǔ rǔ gāng niè chǐ mù. xíng shì tù, wěi duǎn,, yǎn hóng, máo yǒu hēi,, bái,, hè děng sè, xǐ shí sù dòu jí lì shì děng. wèi nóng zuò wù de jù hài.
2. lóu gū de bié míng. cān jiàn “lóu gū” tiáo.
shi shu:1. dong wu ming. bu ru gang nie chi mu. xing shi tu, wei duan,, yan hong, mao you hei,, bai,, he deng se, xi shi su dou ji li shi deng. wei nong zuo wu de ju hai.
2. lou gu de bie ming. can jian "lou gu" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
時數 [shí shù] [shi shu]—
1. Fate. Tang Dynasty, Wei Que, "Record of Rebuilding the Pavilion of Prince Teng": "Never knowing that destruction need not be tied to natural disasters, rise and fall naturally correspond to the times ()." "Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio," Volume 1, "Ye Sheng": "Unexpectedly, fate () limits people, literature is hated by destiny, after the list was released, he was still unsuccessful."
2. The number of hours calculated, using hours as the unit. For example: "teaching hours (教學 [jiao xue])," "working hours (工作 [gong zuo])."
時數：1.命運。唐．韋愨〈重修滕王閣記〉：「曾不知盪滌不必繫於天災，興廢自葉於時數。」《聊齋志異．卷一．葉生》：「不意時數限人，文章憎命，榜既放，依然鎩羽。」
2.以小時為單位，計算出的時間數。如：「教學時數」、「工作時數」。
shí shù:1. mìng yùn. táng． wéi què 〈zhòng xiū téng wáng gé jì〉: “céng bù zhī dàng dí bù bì xì yú tiān zāi, xìng fèi zì yè yú shí shù.” < liáo zhāi zhì yì． juǎn yī． yè shēng>: “bù yì shí shù xiàn rén, wén zhāng zēng mìng, bǎng jì fàng, yī rán shā yǔ.”
2. yǐ xiǎo shí wèi dān wèi, jì suàn chū de shí jiān shù. rú: “jiào xué shí shù” ,, “gōng zuò shí shù” .
shi shu:1. ming yun. tang. wei que
2. yi xiao shi wei dan wei, ji suan chu de shi jian shu. ru: "jiao xue shi shu" ,, "gong zuo shi shu" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
實數 [shí shù] [shi shu]—
The general term for rational numbers (有理數 [you li shu]) and irrational numbers (無理數 [wu li shu]). It is in contrast to imaginary numbers (虛數 [xu shu]).
實數：有理數和無理數的總稱。相對於虛數而言。
shí shù: yǒu lǐ shù hé wú lǐ shù de zǒng chēng. xiāng duì yú xū shù ér yán.
shi shu: you li shu he wu li shu de zong cheng. xiang dui yu xu shu er yan.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
史書 [shǐ shū] [shi shu]—
1. Books that record history. Example: From the 39th chapter of The Scholars (儒林外史 [ru lin wai shi]): "This humble officer has read in historical books () that this place is rich in water and grass." Also known as "historical records" (史冊 [shi ce]).
2. The script commonly used by historians (史官 [shi guan]) in the Han Dynasty, namely clerical script (隸書 [li shu]). Example: From the Book of Han, Volume 9, "Emperor Yuan's Annals, Eulogy": "Emperor Yuan was talented in many arts and skilled in historical script ()."
史書：1.記載歷史的書籍。《儒林外史》第三九回：「卑弁在史書上看過，說這地方水草肥饒。」也稱為「史冊」。
2.漢代史官所習用的字體，即隸書。《漢書．卷九．元帝紀．贊曰》：「元帝多材藝，善史書。」
shǐ shū:1. jì zài lì shǐ de shū jí. < rú lín wài shǐ> dì sān jiǔ huí: “bēi biàn zài shǐ shū shàng kàn guò, shuō zhè de fāng shuǐ cǎo féi ráo.” yě chēng wèi “shǐ cè” .
2. hàn dài shǐ guān suǒ xí yòng de zì tǐ, jí lì shū. < hàn shū． juǎn jiǔ． yuán dì jì． zàn yuē>: “yuán dì duō cái yì, shàn shǐ shū.”
shi shu:1. ji zai li shi de shu ji. < ru lin wai shi> di san jiu hui: "bei bian zai shi shu shang kan guo, shuo zhe de fang shui cao fei rao." ye cheng wei "shi ce" .
2. han dai shi guan suo xi yong de zi ti, ji li shu. < han shu. juan jiu. yuan di ji. zan yue>: "yuan di duo cai yi, shan shi shu."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
使數 [shǐ shù] [shi shu]—
A servant at one's beck and call. Yuan Dynasty, Wang Shifu's "Romance of the West Chamber, Act Five, Scene Four": "I only see the maids (丫鬟 [ya huan] - yā huán) exchanging glances, could something have happened to me?" Yuan Dynasty, Guan Hanqing's "Pavilion to Worship the Moon," Act Two: "But there's no other way (- shǐ shù), it's difficult to invite the neighbors."
使數：供使喚的隨從。元．王實甫《西廂記．第五本．第四折》：「我只見丫鬟使數都廝覷，莫不我身邊有甚事故？」元．關漢卿《拜月亭》第二折：「可又別無使數，難請街坊。」
shǐ shù: gōng shǐ huàn de suí cóng. yuán． wáng shí fǔ < xī xiāng jì． dì wǔ běn． dì sì zhé>: “wǒ zhǐ jiàn yā huán shǐ shù dōu sī qù, mò bù wǒ shēn biān yǒu shén shì gù?” yuán． guān hàn qīng < bài yuè tíng> dì èr zhé: “kě yòu bié wú shǐ shù, nán qǐng jiē fāng.”
shi shu: gong shi huan de sui cong. yuan. wang shi fu < xi xiang ji. di wu ben. di si zhe>: "wo zhi jian ya huan shi shu dou si qu, mo bu wo shen bian you shen shi gu?" yuan. guan han qing < bai yue ting> di er zhe: "ke you bie wu shi shu, nan qing jie fang."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
士庶 [shì shù] [shi shu]—
Scholars and commoners, also generally referring to the people. Book of the Later Han, Biography of Liu Yu (後漢書 [hou han shu]．卷七三 [juan qi san]．劉虞傳 [liu yu chuan]): "More than a million people from Qing and Xu provinces, both scholars (士 [shi]) and commoners (庶 [shu]), sought refuge with Liu Yu (劉虞 [liu yu]) to escape the Yellow Turban Rebellion (黃巾之難 [huang jin zhi nan]). He received them all with care and compassion, helping them to establish livelihoods. The refugees all forgot their displacement." Tang Dynasty, Yuan Zhen (元稹 [yuan zhen]), "Yangcheng Post Station" (陽城驛 [yang cheng yi]) poem: "I am truly a Tang Dynasty scholar (士 [shi]) and commoner (庶 [shu]), eating from the fields (田疇 [tian chou]) of Tang."
士庶：士人和百姓，亦泛指人民。《後漢書．卷七三．劉虞傳》：「青、徐士庶避黃巾之難，歸虞者百餘萬口，皆收視溫恤，為安立生業，流民皆忘其遷徙。」唐．元稹〈陽城驛〉詩：「我實唐士庶，食唐之田疇。」
shì shù: shì rén hé bǎi xìng, yì fàn zhǐ rén mín. < hòu hàn shū． juǎn qī sān． liú yú chuán>: “qīng,, xú shì shù bì huáng jīn zhī nán, guī yú zhě bǎi yú wàn kǒu, jiē shōu shì wēn xù, wèi ān lì shēng yè, liú mín jiē wàng qí qiān xǐ.” táng． yuán zhěn 〈yáng chéng yì〉 shī: “wǒ shí táng shì shù, shí táng zhī tián chóu.”
shi shu: shi ren he bai xing, yi fan zhi ren min. < hou han shu. juan qi san. liu yu chuan>: "qing,, xu shi shu bi huang jin zhi nan, gui yu zhe bai yu wan kou, jie shou shi wen xu, wei an li sheng ye, liu min jie wang qi qian xi." tang. yuan zhen
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
世叔 [shì shū] [shi shu]—
(1) A term of address for a friend of one's father who is younger than one's father. Han Dynasty, Ban Gu, Bai Hu Tong, Volume 7, San Gang Liu Ji: "If the brothers of one's father are not all present, they are called 'Shi Shu'." The Scholars, Chapter 4: "I intend to pay my respects to my 'Shi Shu'. Why don't we go together?" (2) A term of address for the son of one's grand master (太老師 [tai lao shi], tài lǎo shī).
世叔：稱謂：(1)稱父親的朋友而年齡比父親小者。漢．班固《白虎通．卷七．三綱六紀》：「父之昆弟不俱，謂之世叔。」《儒林外史》第四回：「弟意也要去候敝世叔，何不相約同行？」(2)稱太老師的兒子。
shì shū: chēng wèi:(1) chēng fù qīn de péng yǒu ér nián líng bǐ fù qīn xiǎo zhě. hàn． bān gù < bái hǔ tōng． juǎn qī． sān gāng liù jì>: “fù zhī kūn dì bù jù, wèi zhī shì shū.” < rú lín wài shǐ> dì sì huí: “dì yì yě yào qù hòu bì shì shū, hé bù xiāng yuē tóng xíng?” (2) chēng tài lǎo shī de ér zi.
shi shu: cheng wei:(1) cheng fu qin de peng you er nian ling bi fu qin xiao zhe. han. ban gu < bai hu tong. juan qi. san gang liu ji>: "fu zhi kun di bu ju, wei zhi shi shu." < ru lin wai shi> di si hui: "di yi ye yao qu hou bi shi shu, he bu xiang yue tong xing?" (2) cheng tai lao shi de er zi.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
私淑 [sī shū] [si shu]—
Never having personally received instruction but revering and admiring their learning, and taking them as a model, as an object of study. The saying comes from "Li Lou II" in the book Mencius: "I have not been able to become a disciple of Confucius (孔子 [kong zi]), I privately learn from these people."
私淑：未親受業而宗仰其學，並以之為榜樣，作為學習的對象。語出《孟子．離婁下》：「予未得為孔子徒也，予私淑諸人也。」
sī shū: wèi qīn shòu yè ér zōng yǎng qí xué, bìng yǐ zhī wèi bǎng yàng, zuò wèi xué xí de duì xiàng. yǔ chū < mèng zi． lí lóu xià>: “yǔ wèi dé wèi kǒng zi tú yě, yǔ sī shū zhū rén yě.”
si shu: wei qin shou ye er zong yang qi xue, bing yi zhi wei bang yang, zuo wei xue xi de dui xiang. yu chu < meng zi. li lou xia>: "yu wei de wei kong zi tu ye, yu si shu zhu ren ye."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
私塾 [sī shú] [si shu]—
A private teaching place established by families or teachers in the past. It usually only had one teacher who provided individualized instruction based on the student's level. The teaching materials and length of study were not fixed, unlike formal schools with a structured system.
Key terms:
家庭 [jia ting] (jiā tíng): Family
教師 [jiao shi] (jiào shī): Teacher
教學場所 [jiao xue chang suo] (jiào xué chǎng suǒ): Teaching place
老師 [lao shi] (lǎo shī): Teacher
學生 [xue sheng] (xué shēng): Student
教材 [jiao cai] (jiào cái): Teaching materials
學校 [xue xiao] (xué xiào): School
私塾：舊時家庭或教師自己設立的教學場所。通常只有一個老師，依學生程度而個別指導，教材和學習年限沒有一定，不同於有制度的學校。
sī shú: jiù shí jiā tíng huò jiào shī zì jǐ shè lì de jiào xué chǎng suǒ. tōng cháng zhǐ yǒu yī gè lǎo shī, yī xué shēng chéng dù ér gè bié zhǐ dǎo, jiào cái hé xué xí nián xiàn méi yǒu yī dìng, bù tóng yú yǒu zhì dù de xué xiào.
si shu: jiu shi jia ting huo jiao shi zi ji she li de jiao xue chang suo. tong chang zhi you yi ge lao shi, yi xue sheng cheng du er ge bie zhi dao, jiao cai he xue xi nian xian mei you yi ding, bu tong yu you zhi du de xue xiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
私屬 [sī shǔ] [si shu]—
1. Family members; personal retainers. From Zuo Zhuan, Xuan Gong 17th year: "Xi Zi (郤子 [xi zi]) arrived and requested to attack Qi (齊 [qi]). The Marquis of Jin (晉侯 [jin hou]) did not allow it. He requested to use his personal retainers, and it was still not allowed."
2. Slaves and servants. From Book of Han, Treatise on Food and Money (食貨志 [shi huo zhi]), Part 1: "Now it is renamed the fields under heaven as 'Wang Tian' (王田 [wang tian]), and slaves and servants (奴婢 [nu bi]) as 'Si Shu', and neither may be bought or sold."
私屬：1.家眾。《左傳．宣公十七年》：「郤子至，請伐齊，晉侯弗許，請以其私屬，又弗許。」
2.奴婢。《漢書．卷二四．食貨志上》：「今更名天下田曰王田，奴婢曰私屬，皆不得買賣。」
sī shǔ:1. jiā zhòng. < zuǒ chuán． xuān gōng shí qī nián>: “xì zi zhì, qǐng fá qí, jìn hóu fú xǔ, qǐng yǐ qí sī shǔ, yòu fú xǔ.”
2. nú bì. < hàn shū． juǎn èr sì． shí huò zhì shàng>: “jīn gèng míng tiān xià tián yuē wáng tián, nú bì yuē sī shǔ, jiē bù dé mǎi mài.”
si shu:1. jia zhong. < zuo chuan. xuan gong shi qi nian>: "xi zi zhi, qing fa qi, jin hou fu xu, qing yi qi si shu, you fu xu."
2. nu bi. < han shu. juan er si. shi huo zhi shang>: "jin geng ming tian xia tian yue wang tian, nu bi yue si shu, jie bu de mai mai."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
四書 [sì shū] [si shu]—
Song dynasty (宋朝 [song chao]) Zhu Xi (朱熹 [zhu xi]) took the two chapters "Great Learning" (大學 [da xue]) and "Doctrine of the Mean" (中庸 [zhong yong]) from the Book of Rites (禮記 [li ji]), combined them with the Analects (論語 [lun yu]) and Mencius (孟子 [meng zi]), and called them the "Four Books", writing a chapter and sentence commentary on them. They are also known as the "Books of the Four Masters" (四子書 [si zi shu]).
四書：宋朱熹取《禮記》中的〈大學〉、〈中庸〉二篇，合以《論語》、《孟子》，稱為「四書」，並為之章句集注。也稱為「四子書」。
sì shū: sòng zhū xī qǔ < lǐ jì> zhōng de 〈dà xué〉,, 〈zhōng yōng〉 èr piān, hé yǐ < lùn yǔ>,, < mèng zi>, chēng wèi “sì shū” , bìng wèi zhī zhāng jù jí zhù. yě chēng wèi “sì zi shū” .
si shu: song zhu xi qu < li ji> zhong de
1) 十數 t = 十数 s = shí shù p refers to “more than ten/a dozen or more”.
2) 史書 t = 史书 s = shǐ shū p refers to “history book”..
3) 四書 t = 四书 s = sì shū p refers to “Four Books, namely: the Great Learning 大學 | 大学, the Doctrine of the Mean 中庸, the Analects of Confucius 論語 | 论语, and Mencius 孟子”..
4) 實屬 t = 实属 s = shí shǔ p refers to “(to) really (be)”..
5) 實數 t = 实数 s = shí shù p refers to “real number (math.)/actual value”..
6) 廝熟 t = 厮熟 s = sī shú p refers to “familiar with one another”..
7) 時蔬 t = 时蔬 s = shí shū p refers to “seasonal vegetables”..
8) 私塾 ts = sī shú p refers to “private school (in former times)”..
9) 詩書 t = 诗书 s = shī shū p refers to “the Book of Songs 詩經 | 诗经 [Shi1 jing1] and the Book of History 書經 | 书经 [Shu1 jing1]”..
10) 識數 t = 识数 s = shí shù p refers to “to know how to count and do sums/numerate/numeracy”..
1) 廝熟 t = 厮熟 s = sī shú p refers to [noun] “familiar with one another”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '廝熟 [si shu]') .
2) 四書 t = 四书 s = sì shū p refers to [proper noun] “Four Books”; Domain: Literature 文学 [wen xue] , Subdomain: Neo-Confucianism; Notes: The Four Books of Neo-Confucianism, as referred to by Zhu Xi, namely the Great Learning 大学 [da xue], Doctrine of the Mean 中庸 [zhong yong], Analects of Confucius 论语 [lun yu], and Mencius 孟子 [meng zi] (Idema and Haft 1997, p. 54) ..
3) 詩書 t = 诗书 s = shī shū p refers to [noun] “Confucian classics”; Domain: Literature 文学 [wen xue]; Notes: (CED '诗书 [shi shu]'; NCCED '诗书 [shi shu]') ..
4) 實屬 t = 实属 s = shí shǔ p refers to [verb] “(to) really (be)”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '實屬 [shi shu]') ..
5) 私署 ts = sī shǔ p refers to [noun] “private instructor”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: As a title (Baidu Baike '私署 [si shu]') ..
1) 四術 [sì shù] refers to: “four arts”.
四術 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] tứ thuật.
[Korean] 사술 / sasul.
[Japanese] シジュツ / shijutsu.
2) 思數 [sī shù] refers to: “volition”.
思數 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 行.
[Vietnamese] tư số.
[Korean] 사수 / sasu.
[Japanese] シシュ / shishu.
3) 釋疏 [shì shū] refers to: “commentary”.
釋疏 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Sanskrit] ṭikā.
[Vietnamese] thích sớ.
[Korean] 석소 / seokso.
[Japanese] シャクショ / shakusho.
4) 十數 [shí shù] refers to: “ten numbers for śrāmaṇeras”.
十數 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] thập số.
[Korean] 십수 / sipsu.
[Japanese] ジュウス / jūsu.
5) 世數 [shì shù] refers to: “among worldly people”.
世數 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] thế số.
[Korean] 세수 / sesu.
[Japanese] セシュ / seshu.
6) 嗣書 [sì shū] refers to: “succession record”.
嗣書 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] tự thư.
[Korean] 사서 / saseo.
[Japanese] シショ / シジョ.
7) 四書 [sì shū] refers to: “four books”.
四書 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] tứ thư.
[Korean] 사서 / saseo.
[Japanese] シショ / shisho.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Shi, Shou, Shen, Ci, Bi, Shu.
Starts with (+28): Shishu-kalyaan-kendra, Shishu-kalyana-kendra, Shishubhava, Shishubhupati, Shishubodha, Shishubodhini, Shishucandrayana, Shishudeshya, Shishugandha, Shishughataka, Shishugita, Shishuhatya, Shishuhatye, Shishuhitaishini, Shishujana, Shishukala, Shishukarna, Shishukranda, Shishukrandana, Shishukrandiya.
Full-text (+2270): Shishumara, Sushi, Shishupala, Shishunaga, Shishuta, Shishuvahaka, Shishugandha, Shishuvahyaka, Shishukranda, Anushishu, Shishucandrayana, Shishutva, Ashishu, Shishukricchra, Shishupalaka, Shu si, Devashishu, Shishubhava, Shishunaman, Shishunandi.
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Search found 107 books and stories containing Shishu, Shī shū, Shi shu, Shí shǔ, Shí shù, Shǐ shū, Shǐ shù, Shì shù, Shì shū, Shí shū, Shīshū, Shíshǔ, Shíshù, Shǐshū, Shǐshù, Shìshù, Shìshū, Shíshū, Shishus, Sì shù, Si shu, Sì shū, Sī shū, Sī shú, Sī shǔ, Sī shù, Sishu, Sìshù, Sìshū, Sīshū, Sīshú, Sīshǔ, Sīshù, Śiśu, Sisu, Sīsu, 世叔, 世數, 使數, 十数, 十數, 厮熟, 史书, 史書, 嗣書, 四书, 四書, 四樹, 四術, 士庶, 实属, 实数, 實屬, 實數, 師叔, 廝熟, 思數, 时蔬, 時數, 時蔬, 私塾, 私屬, 私淑, 私署, 詩書, 識數, 识数, 诗书, 釋疏, 鼫鼠; (plurals include: Shishus, Shī shūs, Shi shus, Shí shǔs, Shí shùs, Shǐ shūs, Shǐ shùs, Shì shùs, Shì shūs, Shí shūs, Shīshūs, Shíshǔs, Shíshùs, Shǐshūs, Shǐshùs, Shìshùs, Shìshūs, Shíshūs, Shishuses, Sì shùs, Si shus, Sì shūs, Sī shūs, Sī shús, Sī shǔs, Sī shùs, Sishus, Sìshùs, Sìshūs, Sīshūs, Sīshús, Sīshǔs, Sīshùs, Śiśus, Sisus, Sīsus). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Chapter 10: Displaying the Writing < [Part 187 - Lalitavistara (translated by Divakara)]
Chapter 151: The Karma of Udayin, Part I < [Part 190 - The Abhinishkramana-sutra]
The Sutra of the Great Auspicious King, Scroll 10 < [Part 191 - The Sutra of the Great King]
Brihat Jataka by Varahamihira [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 6.8 < [Chapter 6 - Early Death]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 1.11.48 < [Chapter 11 - Description of Śrī Kṛṣṇacandra’s Birth]
Verse 1.14.37 < [Chapter 14 - The Liberation of Śakaṭāsura and Tṛṇāvarta]
Verse 1.19.25 < [Chapter 19 - Breaking of the Two Arjuna Trees]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rhetoric and the Perception of the Sacred in Confucian Classics < [Volume 16, Issue 6 (2025)]
Is Confucius a Philosopher or a Saint? Michele Ruggieri’s Views from... < [Volume 15, Issue 7 (2024)]
The Dynamic Characteristics of “Jeong 情” < [Volume 14, Issue 5 (2023)]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.136 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 7.155 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 2.8 < [Chapter 2 - The Natures of Words (śabda)]