Shamanabhutapratima, Shamana-bhuta-pratima, Śramaṇabhūtapratimā: 1 definition
Introduction:
Shamanabhutapratima means something in Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Śramaṇabhūtapratimā can be transliterated into English as Sramanabhutapratima or Shramanabhutapratima, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Śramaṇabhūtapratimā (श्रमणभूतप्रतिमा) refers to “the stage of renunciation of the world” and represents the eleventh (and tenth) of eleven pratimās (stages of spiritual progress) according to Śvetāmbara. In Digambara, the tenth pratimā is known as uddiṣṭa-tyāga and in Āvaśyakacūrṇi as uddiṣṭa-tyāga-śramana-bhūta.—In the śramaṇa-bhūta stage he is either to keep his head shaven or to perform the loca—the tearing out of the hair, traditionally in five handfuls, supposedly obligatory on every monk on ordination—and to carry the monastic requisites—the broom (rajo-haraṇa) and the begging-bowl (avagraha). He is then said tobe touching or supporting the dharma with his body. Even if on his almsround he goes to his own kith and kin he may only beg his food and eat only what is licit for a sadhu.
The earlier Digambaras know only one form of the eleventh pratimā. Kundakunda lays down that the layman is to make the begging round practising īryā-samiti. Samantabhadra says that heis to repair to a sylvan retreat of ascetics (muni-vana) and to assume the vratas; he will then live by alms begged, wearing but one piece of cloth and pursuing asceticism. Cāmuṇḍarāya agrees that he is to live by alms and to wear only one piece of cloth and adds that he is to eat from the hollow of his hand and to reject food or anyother form of dāna that has been specially reserved for him.
The word pratimā means a statue and is used in another specifcally Jaina sense to designate the kāyotsara. The medieval ācāryas, however, quite plainly conceive of the pratimās (e.g., śramaṇa-bhūta-pratimā) as performing a regular progressing series in Amitagati’s words, a sopāna-mārga, a ladder on each rung of which the aspirant layman is to rest for a number of months proportionate to its place on the list before he is fit to supplement and reinforce his acheivement by the practice of the succeeding stage.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
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