Sak, Shak, Śak: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Sak means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Śak can be transliterated into English as Sak or Shak, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarSak (सक्).—Augment स् (s) added to the roots यम् रम्, नम् (yam ram, nam) as also to roots which end in आ (ā) before affixes of the aorist tense; e.g. अयंसीत्, व्यरंसीत्, अयासीत् (ayaṃsīt, vyaraṃsīt, ayāsīt), cf P. VII. 2.73.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsShak [शाक] in the Sanskrit language is the name of a plant identified with Tectona grandis L.f. from the Verbenaceae (Verbena) family. For the possible medicinal usage of shak, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Shak in India is the name of a plant defined with Setaria italica in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Panicum italicum var. germanicum (Mill.) Koeler (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Systema Naturae, Editio Decima (1759)
· Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science (1913)
· Descriptio Graminum in Gallia et Germania (1802)
· Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica (1981)
· Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 2, (1873)
· Prodrome de la Flore Corse (1910)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Shak, for example diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, health benefits, extract dosage, chemical composition, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryŚak (शक्).—I. 5 P. (śaknoti, śakta)
1) To be able, be competent for, have power to effect (usually with an inf. and translateable by 'can'); अदर्शयन् वक्तुमशक्नुवत्यः शाखाभिरावर्जितपल्लवाभिः (adarśayan vaktumaśaknuvatyaḥ śākhābhirāvarjitapallavābhiḥ) R.13.24; Bhaṭṭikāvya 3.6; Meghadūta 2; sometimes, with acc. or dat.; दानेन वधनर्णेकं सर्पादीनाम- शक्नुवन् (dānena vadhanarṇekaṃ sarpādīnāma- śaknuvan) Manusmṛti 11.139; with gen. also; see शक्त (śakta).
2) To bear, endure.
3) To be powerful. -Pass. To be able, be possible or practicable (giving a passive sense to a following infinitive); तत् कर्तुं शक्यते (tat kartuṃ śakyate) 'it can be done'. -Desid. (śikṣati)
1) To wish to be able.
2) To learn. -II. 4 U. (śakyati-te, śakta)
1) To be able, have power to effect.
2) To bear, endure.
3) To give.
4) To aid.
5) To know (mostly Ved in these senses).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚak (शक्).—r. 4th cl. (śakyati-te) (ira ḷ) iraśakḷ r. 5th cl. (śaknoti) 1. To bear patiently, to endure, to be patient. 2. To be able to effect, to be competent. 3. To be powerful, (generally with an inf.) (i) śaki r. 1st cl. (śaṅkate) 1. To think probable, to suspect. 2. To fear, to apprehend. With āṅ, To dread.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚak (शक्).—ii. 9, śaknu, [Parasmaipada.], and i. 4, śakya, [Parasmaipada.] [Ātmanepada.] 1. To endure, Mahābhārata 3, 11277. 2. To be able, [Rāmāyaṇa] 1, 42, 21; with the infin., [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 7, 6; with the ptcple. in the signification of the infin., apūryāṃ pūrayann icchām ...na śaknuyāt, He is not able to satisfy the insatiable desire, Mahābhārata 12, 514. 3. Impers. pass. To be fit to be done, Mahābhārata 1, 6678. 4. The pass. transfers its pass. signification to the infin. which it governs, e. g. na śakyante niyantum, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 96 (They cannot be restrained); [Hitopadeśa] 11, 6, M. M. (nītiṃ grāhayituṃ śakyante, They are able to be taught good behaviour); with a ptcple. of the pass. of the [Causal.] instead of the infin., na śakyate nivartyamānā,
— With the prep. anu anu, anu- śikṣita, Learned (by imitation), [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 63, 2. [Causal.] of the desider. To instruct, Mahābhārata 1, 5761.
— With ava ava, avaśakya, Possible, [Caurapañcāśikā] 43.
— With abhi abhi, [Causal.] of the desider. To instruct, Mahābhārata 1, 8033.
— With ā ā, desider. To impart, to grant,
— With upa upa, desider. To learn, Mahābhārata 3, 1790.
— Cf. [Latin] queo (for quecjo), ne-queo (nequinont, for ne-quic + nont), conari; [Old Norse.] hagr, dexter, hagna, prodesse.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚak (शक्).—śaknoti [participle] śakta (q.v.) & śakita be able, [Passive] śakyate [impersonally] it is possible to ([infinitive]) or [person or personal] he is able to be, he can or may be (infin. [with] pass. mg); be serviceable or helpful to ([dative]), make another partake of ([genetive]). [Desiderative] śikṣati (q.v.).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Śak (शक्):—[class] 5. [Parasmaipada] ([Dhātupāṭha xxvii, 15]) śaknoti ([perfect tense] śaśāka, śekuḥ, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.; [Aorist] aśakat, [Atharva-veda] etc. [Vedic or Veda] also [Potential] śakeyam and śakyām; [imperative] śagdhi, śaktam; [future] śaktā, or śakitā [grammar] ; śakṣyati, te, [Brāhmaṇa] etc.; śakiṣyate, te [grammar]; [infinitive mood] -śaktave, [Ṛg-veda]; śaktum or śakitum [grammar]),
—to be strong or powerful, be able to or capable of or competent for (with [accusative] [dative case] or [locative case], rarely [accusative] of a verbal noun, or with an [infinitive mood] in am or tum; or with [present participle]; e.g. with grahaṇāya or grahaṇe, ‘to be able to seize’; vadha-nirṇekam a-śaknuvan, ‘unable to atone for slaughter’; śakema vājino yamam, ‘may we be able to guide horses’; vīkṣitum na śaknoti, ‘he is not able to see’; pūrayan na śaknoti, ‘he is not able to fill’), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc. (in these meanings [Epic] also śakyati, te, with [infinitive mood] in tuṃ cf. [Dhātupāṭha xxvi, 78]);
—to be strong or exert one’s self for another ([dative case]), aid, help, assist, [Ṛg-veda vii, 67, 5; 68, 8 etc.];
—to help to ([dative case] of thing), [ib. ii, 2, 12; iv, 21, 10 etc.] :
—[Passive voice] śakyate ([Epic] also ti), to be overcome or subdued, succumb, [Mahābhārata];
—to yield, give way, [ib.];
—to be compelled or caused by any one ([instrumental case]) to ([infinitive mood]), [ib.];
—to be able or capable or possible or practicable (with an [infinitive mood] in pass. sense e.g. tat kartuṃ śakyate, ‘that can be done’; sometimes with pass. p. e.g. na śakyate vāryamāṇaḥ, ‘he cannot be restrained’; or used [impersonal or used impersonally], with or with out [instrumental case] e.g. yadi [tvayā] śakyate, ‘if it can be done by thee’, ‘if it is possible’), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata etc.] :—[Causal] śākayati ([Aorist] aśīśakat), [grammar]:—[Desiderative] See √śikṣ.
2) cf. [according to] to some, [Greek] ὄπις, ἀοσσητήρ, [German] Hag Hecke hegen; behagen.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Śak (शक्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Caya, Tara, Tīra, Pāra, Sakka.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Shak in Hindi refers in English to:—(nm) doubt, suspicion; —[samvat] an era introduced by Emperor Shalivahan of India (in 78A.D.) and revived by the post-Independence government of the country..—shak (शक) is alternatively transliterated as Śaka.
2) Shak in Hindi refers in English to:—(nm) vegetable..—shak (शाक) is alternatively transliterated as Śāka.
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See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+2176): Ca-kurarparavai, Caka-calapurattan, Caka-muli, Caka-muva-peruru, Caka-pacuniyayam, Caka-talapurattan, Cakaca, Cakacakkiyam, Cakacalam, Cakacamalam, Cakacan, Cakacanittai, Cakacapatci, Cakacari, Cakacaritam, Cakacariyam, Cakacatcu, Cakacaticayam, Cakacavetu, Cakaccai.
Ends with (+62): Ahinsak, Amboj-sak, Amrul sak, Anushak, Arsak, Arusak, Ashak, Ayushak, Basak, Batbaitta-sak, Belashak, Bhaasak, Bharsak, Bhasak, Bhishaj, Chikitsak, Chuka sak, Chuka-sak, Dasak, Dhasak.
Full-text (+355): Sakka, Caya, Tira, Shaka, Shakla, Shakunta, Amiksha, Sakkoti, Baby shak-shak, Shak-shak, Shakra, Shakvan, Lenga shak, Sakkunati, Khapra shak, Kolmi-shak, Dumi shak, Parisankati, Sak khree yaan, Amboj-sak.
Relevant text
Search found 22 books and stories containing Sak, Shak, Śak; (plurals include: Saks, Shaks, Śaks). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Blue Annals (deb-ther sngon-po) (by George N. Roerich)
Chapter 1c - The Zur Geneology (ix): Dam pa se brag pa < [Book 3 - Early translations of Secret Mantra]
Chapter 1c - The Zur Geneology (iii): Zur shAkya seng ge < [Book 3 - Early translations of Secret Mantra]
Chapter 1c - The Zur Geneology (i): Lha rje zur po che shAkya ‘byung gnas < [Book 3 - Early translations of Secret Mantra]
Bodhinyana (by Ajahn Chah)
Part 1 - The Trap Of The Senses < [Chapter 4 - The Two Faces Of Reality]
Guhyagarbha Tantra (with Commentary) (by Gyurme Dorje)
10b. The Zur Lineage in Central Tibet < [Introduction]
6. Origin of the Guhyagarbhatattvaviniścayamahātantra < [Introduction]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 1.10.5 < [Sukta 10]
Natyashastra (English) (by Bharata-muni)
Chapter XIX - Modes of Address (nāman) and Intonation (kāku)
Part 8 - The Date of the Nāṭyaśāstra < [Introduction, part 1]
Kalidasa: His Concept of Beauty in Nature < [July 1968]
Sir Edwin Arnold and ‘The Light of Asia’ < [October 1955]
Sir Edwin Arnold and ‘The Light of Asia’ < [October 1955]