Sarama, Saramā, Sharama: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Sarama means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Sharam.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) Saramā (सरमा).—General. Bitch of the Devas. Śyāma and Śabala, sons of Saramā, were two prominent messengers of Yama and they possessed four eyes each. The offsprings of these dogs are called Sārameyas. The Ṛgveda and Mahābhārata contain a story about Saramā cursing Janamejaya. (For details see under Śrutaśravas III). Other information.
(i) Saramā worships Brahmā in his court. (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 11, Verse 40).
(ii) Saramā is a graha (Evil spirit) of Subrahmaṇya which enters the womb of pregnant women and steals the babies. (Vana Parva, Chapter 230, Verse 34).
(iii) Saramā after having once drunk milk from dasyus lied about it to Indra, and he punished her. (Varāha Purāṇa).
(iv) Indra once deputed Saramā to find out the place where the Paṇis had hidden the cows on condition that he would feed her children. Saramā found out the place and informed Indra about it thus earning for her children their livelihood. (Ṛgveda, Maṇḍala 1, Chapter 5). (See full article at Story of Saramā from the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani)
2) Saramā (सरमा).—Wife of Vibhīṣaṇa and daughter of the Gandharva called Śailūṣa. Saramā consoled Sītā weeping under the Aśoka tree in Laṅkā. (Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Yuddhakāṇḍa, Canto 33, Verse 1).
3) Saramā (सरमा).—Daughter of Dakṣaprajāpati by his wife Asiknī. She was married by Kaśyapa maharṣi and from her were born the ferocious animals on earth. (Bhāgavata, Skandha 6).
Saramā (सरमा) refers to a “bitch” (i.e., female dog), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.54 (“Description of the duties of the chaste wife”).—Accordingly, as a Brahmin lady said to Pārvatī: “[...] O Goddess, the husband is superior to Brahmā, Viṣṇu or Śiva, for a chaste lady her husband is on a par with Śiva. She who transgresses (ullaṅghya) her husband and observes fast and other rites wrecks the longevity of her husband and after death goes to hell. If she furiously retorts to her husband she is born as a bitch (saramā) in a village or as a vixen in a secluded place. [...]”.
1a) Saramā (सरमा).—(Sārama); the messenger of Indra, of whom the Dānavas were afraid.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa V. 24. 30.
1b) One of Kaśyapa's wives. Her offspring were beasts of prey.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa VI. 6. 26.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Saramā (सरमा) is the name of a Mātṛkā-Śakti created by Mahārudra in order to control the plague of demons created by Andhakāsura.—Accordingly, Andhaka-Asura tried to kidnap Umā (Devī Pārvatī), and was fiercely attacked by Mahārudra who shot arrows at him from his mahāpināka. when the arrows pierced the body of Andhakāsura, drops of blood fell to earth and from those drops, thousands of Andhakas arose. To control this plague of demons, Mahārudra created Mātṛkā-Śaktis [viz., Saramā] and ordered them to drink the blood of the demons and drain them dry.
Saramā (सरमा) refers to one of the various Mātṛkā-Śaktis created by Rudra in order to destroy the clones that spawned from Andhaka’s body.—Accordingly, [...] Andhakāsura attempted to abduct Girājanandinī (Pārvatī) and thus ensued a fierce battle between Andhakāsura and the great Rudra, the Lord of Umā. Like raktabīja, every drop of blood that fell from the body of Andhaka created another Asura like him and in no time, the entire world was filled with Andhakas. To destroy the growing number of Andhakas, Rudra created innumerable Mātṛkā-Śaktis [viz., Saramā]. These Śaktis of immense power at once began to drink every drop of blood that flowed from the body of Andhaka, but they could still not effectively contain the emergence of more and more demons.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Saramā (सरमा) is the chief pet she-dog (celestial dog species and not the mortal one) of Lord Indra (vide M.B. Ādi-parva, 3.1-11). This Saramā had power to curse the three younger brothers of King Janamejaya, the son of Parīkṣit.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
śarama (शरम).—f ī or ē ( P) Shame.
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sarama (सरम).—n saramaḍa or saramāḍa n A quantity of the haum or stalks of Badzri (Holcus spicatus).
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sarama (सरम).—n (Better śarama from P) Shame.
śarama (शरम).—f Shame.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Saramā (सरमा).—[sṛ-amaḥ Uṇādi-sūtra 4.9]
1) A bitch.
2) The bitch of the gods.
3) Name of a daughter of Dakṣa.
4) Name of the wife of Bibhīṣaṇa, brother of Rāvaṇa.
Saramā (सरमा).—f.
(-mā) The wife of Ravana'S brother, Bibhisana. 2. The bitch of the gods. 3. One of the daughter of Daksha. E. sṛ to go, ama aff.; or sa with, rama sport, pleasure.
Saramā (सरमा).—f. 1. The bitch of the gods, Mahābhārata 1, 671. 2. The daughter of Dakṣa, Viṣṇu P. 122, n. 19. 3. The wife of Rāvaṇa’s brother.
Saramā (सरमा).—[feminine] the bitch of Indra or of the gods.
1) Saramā (सरमा):—[from sara] a f. ‘the fleet one’, Name of a female dog belonging to Indra and the gods (represented in [Ṛg-veda x, 14, 10] as the mother of the four-eyed brindled dogs of Yama cf. [Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams 470], and called in [Mahābhārata i, 671] deva-śunī; in the [Ṛg-veda] said to have gone in search of and recovered the cows stolen by the Paṇis; elsewhere regarded as the mother of beasts of prey Saramā Deva-śunī is also said to be the authoress of part of [Ṛg-veda x, 108]), [Ṛg-veda; Pāraskara-gṛhya-sūtra; Mahābhārata] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] a female dog in general, bitch, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) [v.s. ...] Name of a Rākṣasī, [Rāmāyaṇa]
4) [v.s. ...] of a daughter of the Gandharva king Śailūṣa and wife of Vibhīṣaṇa, [ib.]
5) [v.s. ...] of a wife of Kaśyapa, [Vahni-purāṇa]
6) b See p. 1182, col. 1.
Saramā (सरमा):—(mā) 1. f. The wife of Rāvana’s brother; a bitch.
Saramā (सरमा):—f.
1) Indra's oder der Götter Hündin (devaśunī), welche den Versteck der geraubten Heerden aufspürt, [das 5, 5.] [Yāska’s Nirukta 11, 24.] [Medinīkoṣa Manu’s Gesetzbuch 56.] [Ṛgveda 1, 62, 3.] vi.adgavyaṃ sa.amā dṛ.amū.vam [72, 8. 3, 31, 6. 4, 16, 8. 5, 45, 7. 8. 10, 108, 1. fgg.] [Atharvavedasaṃhitā 9, 4, 16.] saramā mātā sīsaraḥ pitā śyāvaśabalau bhrātarau [Pāraskara’s Gṛhyasūtrāṇi 1, 16.] [BṚHADD. 2, 17] in [Weber’s Indische Studien 1, 114.] ein Mantra von ihr ebend. [3, 458.] — [Mahābhārata 1, 668. fgg. 2, 457. 3, 14487.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 5, 24, 30. 6, 6, 25.] śvāpadāḥ sutāḥ 26. —
2) Hündin überh. [Amarakoṣa 2, 10, 23.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1281.] [Medinīkoṣa] [Hārāvalī 172.] [Halāyudha 2, 127.] —
3) Nomen proprium einer Rākṣasī [Medinīkoṣa] [Rāmāyaṇa 5, 52, 1. 6, 9, 1.] einer Tochter des Gandharva-Fürsten Śailūṣa und Gattin Vibhīṣaṇa’s [7, 12, 24. 26.] einer Gattin Kaśyapa’s [Śabdakalpadruma] nach dem [VAHNI-Pāṇini’s acht Bücher] — Vgl. sārameya .
Śarama (शरम) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Saraha.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Śarama (शरम) [Also spelled sharam]:—(nm) see [śarma].
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Sarama (ಸರಮ):—
1) [noun] physical or mental exhaustion; weariness; fatigue.
2) [noun] a training in using weapons.
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Sarama (ಸರಮ):—[noun] a female dog; a bitch.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Śarama (शरम):—n. 1. shame; 2. bashfulness; embarrassment; 3. modesty; decency; humbleness;
2) Sarama (सरम):—n. 1. shame; bashfulness; embarrassment; 2. modesty; hesitation;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+8): Cara-mariay, Carama-tekatari, Caramaculokam, Caramakavi, Caramakiriyai, Caramakku, Caramalai, Caramam, Caramani, Caramantalam, Caramatacai, Caramatam, Sarama-chada, Saramada, Saramadi, Saramahant, Saramahat, Saramale, Saramana, Saramandakappa.
Full-text (+31): Sarameya, Devashuni, Saramaputra, Saramasuta, Saramatmaja, Caramam, Sharam, Carama-tekatari, Sisara, Carman, Sarama-chada, Charam, Caramatacai, Caramaculokam, Sharminda, Sharmindha, Sharmanem, Sharamanem, Sarm, Dullola.
Relevant text
Search found 70 books and stories containing Sarama, Saramā, Sharama, Śarama; (plurals include: Saramas, Saramās, Sharamas, Śaramas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Brihaddevata attributed to Shaunaka (by Arthur Anthony Macdonell)
Part 5-7 - The story of Sarama and the Panis < [Chapter 8 - Deities of Rigveda X.98-191 (1-98); Conclusion (99-140)]
Part 26 - Deities and deified objects belonging to Indra's sphere < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]
Part 12-13 - The boons chosen by the seer; Story of Sobhari and Citra < [Chapter 6 - Deities of Rigveda VII.50–X.17]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 287 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 225 < [Hindi-Gujarati-English Volume 3]
Page 343 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
The tenth Mandala of the Rigveda (study) (by Rupsmita Buzarbaruah)
Part 2 - Status of Women (of the Vedic civilization) < [Chapter 3 - A Socio-Cultural study of the tenth Maṇḍala]
Part 1.8 - Dialogue between Saramā and Paṇi < [Chapter 2 - The contents of the tenth Maṇḍala]
Part 6 - Worship of Goddesses (during the Vedic period) < [Chapter 4 - A religious study of the tenth Maṇḍala]
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
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