Samvarta, aka: Saṃvarta; 10 Definition(s)

Introduction

Samvarta means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Saṃvarta (संवर्त) is the name of a sage who was in the company of Bharata when he recited the Nāṭyaveda them, according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 35. Accordingly, they asked the following questions, “O the best Brahmin (lit. the bull of the twice-born), tell us about the character of the god who appears in the Preliminaries (pūrvaraṅga). Why is the sound [of musical instruments] applied there? What purpose does it serve when applied? What god is pleased with this, and what does he do on being pleased? Why does the Director being himself clean, perform ablution again on the stage? How, O sir, the drama has come (lit. dropped) down to the earth from heaven? Why have your descendants come to be known as Śūdras?”.

context information

Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (śāstra) of performing arts, (nāṭya, e.g., theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing dramatic plays (nataka) and poetic works (kavya).

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Saṃvarta (संवर्त).—Son of Aṅgiras. General. Aṅgiras had eight sons called Bṛhaspati, Utathya, Saṃvarta, Payasya, Śānti, Ghora, Virūpa and Sudhanvā. (Anuśāsana Parva, Chapter 85, Verse 30). Saṃvarta was the third among the sons and he lived on inimical terms with his eldest brother Bṛhaspati. When once Bṛhaspati forsook king Marutta it was Saṃvarta, who managed for the king his yajña. (Śānti Parva, Chapter 29, Verse 20). Other information.

(i) Saṃvarta is a member of Indra’s court. (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 7, Verse 19).

(ii) He lives in Brahmā’s court and worships him. (Sabhā Parva, Chapter 11, Verse 12).

(iii) He once got conducted at Plakṣāvataraṇa tīrtha for King Marutta a yajña. (Vana Parva, Chapter 129, Verse 13).

(iv) Saṃvarta and Bṛhaspati disliked each other. (Droṇa Parva, Chapter 55, Verse 38; Śānti Parva, Chapter 29, Verse 29).

(v) He was one of those who visited Bhīṣma on his bed of arrows. (Śānti Parva, Chapter 47, Verse 9).

(vi) It was he, who recited the praises of Śiva to king Marutta so that the latter got gold. (Mahābhārata Southern text, Aśvamedha Parva, Chapter 8).

(vii) Once he paralysed Indra’s Vajrāyudha. (Aśvamedha Parva, Chapter 10, Verse 17).

(viii) It was he, who invited and got down Indra to the yajña conducted by Marutta. (Aśvamedha Parva, Chapter 10, Verse 25). (See full article at Story of Saṃvarta from the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani)

1a) Saṃvarta (संवर्त).—A son of Angiras, and a yogin; helped Marutta in his yajñas;¹ enabled Prāṃśu's son to go to Heaven.²

• 1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 2. 26; Vāyu-purāṇa 65. 101.
• 2) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 61. 5.

1b) A son of Svarūpa and a gotrakāra;¹ attained salvation at Benares.²

• 1) Matsya-purāṇa 196. 4.
• 2) Ib. 180. 63.

1c) A priest of Maruttacakravarti who went bodily to heaven with all his relations and Marutta taking yajña with him; hence Bṛhaspati got angry with him as he anticipated the destruction of the world.^*

• * Vāyu-purāṇa 86. 9, 11.

Saṃvarta (संवर्त) refers to the name of a Tīrtha (pilgrim’s destination) mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.60.5). Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Saṃvarta) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Saṃvarta (संवर्त) is the name of a deity who received the Kiraṇāgama from Devavibhava through the mahānsambandha relation, according to the pratisaṃhitā theory of Āgama origin and relationship (sambandha). The kiraṇa-āgama, being part of the eighteen Rudrabhedāgamas, refers to one of the twenty-eight Siddhāntāgamas: a classification of the Śaiva division of Śaivāgamas. The Śaivāgamas represent the wisdom that has come down from lord Śiva, received by Pārvatī and accepted by Viṣṇu.

Saṃvarta obtained the Kiraṇāgama from Devavibhava who in turn obtained it from Sadāśiva through parasambandha. Saṃvarta in turn, transmitted it to through divya-sambandha to the Devas who, through divyādivya-sambandha, transmitted it to the Ṛṣis who finally, through adivya-sambandha, revealed the Kiraṇāgama to human beings (Manuṣya). (also see Anantaśambhu’s commentary on the Siddhāntasārāvali of Trilocanaśivācārya)

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Saṃvarta (संवर्त) or Saṃvartasaṃhitā is the name of a Vaiṣṇava Āgama scripture, classified as a rājasa type of the Muniprokta group of Pāñcarātra Āgamas. The vaiṣṇavāgamas represent one of the three classes of āgamas (traditionally communicated wisdom).—Texts of the Pāñcara Āgamas are divided in to two sects. It is believed that Lord Vāsudeva revealed the first group of texts which are called Divya and the next group is called Muniprokta which are further divided in to three viz. a. Sāttvika. b. Rājasa (eg., Saṃvarta-saṃhitā). c. Tāmasa.

context information

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Samvarta (संवर्त): Brihaspati's younger brother, a person of great learning.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

saṃvarta (संवर्त).—m A cloud. A universal des- truction by rain.

Sanskrit-English dictionary

Saṃvarta (संवर्त).—

1) Turning towards.

2) Dissolution, destruction; संवर्ताग्निः संदिधुक्षुर्यथैव (saṃvartāgniḥ saṃdidhukṣuryathaiva) Abhiṣeka 1.13.

3) The periodical destruction of the world; संवर्तप्रकटविवर्तसप्तपाथोनाथोर्मि- व्यतिकरविभ्रमप्रचण्डः (saṃvartaprakaṭavivartasaptapāthonāthormi- vyatikaravibhramapracaṇḍaḥ) Mv.6.26.

4) A cloud.

5) A cloud of a particular class (abounding in water).

6) Name of one of the seven clouds that rise at the dissolution of the world; तुल्याः संवर्तकाभ्रैः पिदधति गगनं पङ्क्तयः पक्षतीनाम् (tulyāḥ saṃvartakābhraiḥ pidadhati gaganaṃ paṅktayaḥ pakṣatīnām) Nāg. 4.22.

7) A year.

8) A collection, multitude.

9) Contraction; पर्यायात् क्षणदृष्टनष्टककुभः संवर्तविस्तारयोः (paryāyāt kṣaṇadṛṣṭanaṣṭakakubhaḥ saṃvartavistārayoḥ) Mv.5.1.

Derivable forms: saṃvartaḥ (संवर्तः).

Saṃvarta (संवर्त).—(m.? to saṃvartati 1), (period of) de- volution, destruction of the world, with or sc. kalpa: °ta- kāla-samaye Mv i.52.4, by a somewhat doubtful em.; the parallel is vivartanīya-kāla° 6; passage is similar to Mv i.338.14 ff. (see s.v. vivartati), where saṃvartamāne… loke is read for this; for other passages see s.v. vivarta.

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