Samkramana, Saṃkramaṇa, Saṅkramaṇa, Sankramana: 16 definitions

Introduction
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In Hinduism
India history
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Kannada
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Introduction:

Samkramana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Sankraman.

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In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Rasashastra (Alchemy and Herbo-Mineral preparations)

Source: archive.org: History of Indian Science Technology (rasashastra)

Saṅkramaṇa (सङ्क्रमण, “transformation”) refers to “acquiring power of transformation or penetration” represents to the sixteenth of eighteen alchemical purification processes of mercury (mahārasa, rasendra or pārada). A religio-philosophic base was given to mercury-based alchemy in India. Mercury was looked upon as the essence of God Śiva, and sulphur as that of Goddess Pārvatī.

Mercury had to undergo 18 processes (e.g., saṅkramaṇa) before it could be used for transforming either metals or the human body. A combination of male and female principles (i.e. mercury and sulphur) forming cinnabar or mercuric sulphide or even of mercury and mica, was supposed to be highly potent and was therefore consumed as a Rasāyana or medicine for increasing body fluids or vitality. The earliest mention of Rasāyana was found in Āyurveda which was probably composed by 8th or 9th century BC, since it was a part of Atharvaveda, the last of the four Vedas.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

1) Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण) refers to the “transmission (of the command)”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—The origin of the goddess Kubjikā, the teachings and their transmission are all the result of the power and transmission (saṃkramaṇa) of the Command (ājñā). The major transformations and empowerments that occur to both the god and the goddess and, indeed to the entire world in which the myth unfolds, are due to its power that is so extraordinary that even they are astonished by its marvelous effect.

2) Saṃkrāmaṇa (संक्रामण) refers to “transferring (one’s consciousness)”, according to the Kubjikānityāhnikatilaka: a derative text drawing from Tantras and other sources such as the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā.—Accordingly, Dehila is the birth-name of Mātaṅga —one of the Nine Nāthas who propagated the Western Transmission noted in the Kubjikā Tantras. The Kubjikānityāhnikatilaka describes the extraordinary events that inspired his “famed names”: Dehila was called Gajaprabodhānandadeva (Ānandadeva who was the Awakening of the Elephant) because he transferred his consciousness (ātma-saṃkrāmaṇa) into an elephant that died seven days before and revived it. He was called Kuntaprastambhadeva because he checked the course of the spear of passion in the form of a woman (kuntā vāmā). He was called Vyomānandanātha because he saw the moon in the sky, presumably during the day.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

Source: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics

Saṅkramaṇa (सङ्क्रमण) refers to “(the rule of) concurrence”, according to the principles of Bījagaṇita (“algebra” or ‘science of calculation’), according to Gaṇita-śāstra, ancient Indian mathematics and astronomy.—One topic commonly discussed by almost all Hindu writers goes by the special name of saṅkramaṇa (concurrence). According to Narayana (1350), it is also called saṅkrama and saṅkrāma. Brahmagupta (628) includes it in algebra while others consider it as falling within the scope of arithmetic. As explained by the commentator Gaṅgādhara (1420), the subject of discussion here is “the investigation of two quantities concurrent or grown together in the form of their sum and difference”.

Or, in other words, saṅkramaṇa is the solution of the simultaneous equations.

x + y = a,
x - y = b.

So Brahmagupta and Śrīpati are perfectly right in thinking that concurrence is truly a topic for algebra.

Brahmagupta (628) in the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta: “The sum is increased and diminished by the difference and divided by two; (the result will be the two unknown quantities): (this is) concurrence (saṅkramaṇa)”.

context information

Ganita (गणित) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.

India history and geography

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Saṅkramaṇa.—(CII 3; IA 17), also called saṅkrānti; the entrance of the sun into a sign of the zodiac; regarded as an auspicious time for performing religiousduties. Note: saṅkramaṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

Saṅkramaṇa (सङ्क्रमण).—n or saṅkramaṇagaṇita n S The working out of two unknown quantities of which the sum and difference are given. saṅkramaṇa is further The rule for finding two such quantities.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण).—

1) Concurrence.

2) Transition, progress, passing from one point to another.

3) Passage.

4) The sun's passage from one zodiacal sign to another.

5) The day on which the summer solstice begins.

6) Decease, death; यदि दुःखमकृत्वा तु मम संक्रमणं भवेत् (yadi duḥkhamakṛtvā tu mama saṃkramaṇaṃ bhavet) Rām. 2.13.12.

-kā A gallery; Buddh.

Derivable forms: saṃkramaṇam (संक्रमणम्).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण).—(nt.; see prec. two; saṃ-kram- plus ana), transmigration: Lalitavistara 419.20 (verse), see s.v. saṃ- skāra 1,

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण).—n.

(-ṇaṃ) 1. Going from or to, passage, transition. 2. Going with, concurrence. 3. The sun’s passage from one sign of the zodiac to another. 4. The first day of the summer solstice. 5. A certain class of problems, (in algebra.) E. sam, and kram to go, lyuṭ aff.: see the last.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण).—i. e. sam-kram + ana, n. 1. Concurrence. 2. Passing from one point to another, transition from one body into another, [Pañcatantra] 48, 16; [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 26, 4. 3. The day at which begins the sun’s progress to the north of the equator, the summer solstice.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण).—[neuter] occurrence, taking place; passage or entrance into ([locative] or —°), [especially] into another world, death.

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Saṃkrāmaṇa (संक्रामण).—[neuter] carrying over.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण):—[=saṃ-kramaṇa] [from saṃ-krama > saṃ-kram] n. going or meeting together, union with, entrance into, transference to ([locative case] [dative case], or [compound]), [Āśvalāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Harivaṃśa] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] entrance appearance, commencement ([especially] of old age), [Harivaṃśa]

3) [v.s. ...] the sun’s passage from one sign of the zodiac to another (also ravi or sūrya-s), [Jyotiṣa]

4) [v.s. ...] the day on which the sun’s progress north of the equator begins, [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]

5) [v.s. ...] passage into another world, decease death, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa]

6) [v.s. ...] a means of crossing, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]

7) [v.s. ...] (in [algebra]) concurrence (said to be a general designation of a [particular] class of problems), [Colebrooke]

8) Saṃkrāmaṇa (संक्रामण):—[=saṃ-krāmaṇa] [from saṃ-krāma > saṃ-kram] n. ([from] [Causal]) transferring, transporting (-viropaṇa n. ‘transplanting’), [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṅkramaṇa (सङ्क्रमण):—(ṇaṃ) 1. n. Going from, with or to; traversing; concurring.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Saṃkamaṇa, Saṃkāmaṇa, Saṃkāmaṇā.

[Sanskrit to German]

Samkramana in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण) [Also spelled sankraman]:—(nm) infection; contagion; transition; transgression; —[kāla] transitional period; ~[nāśaka] disinfectant; ~[śīla] infectious, infective; hence ~[śīlatā] (nf); [saṃkramita] (a).

2) Saṃkramaṇa (संक्रमण) [Also spelled sankraman]:—(nm) causing to be infected; causing contagion; transference/transfer.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Saṃkramaṇa (ಸಂಕ್ರಮಣ):—

1) [noun] = ಸಂಕ್ರಮ - [samkrama -] 1, 2 & 4.

2) [noun] the change in the course of the sun from southward to northward.

3) [noun] a day on which this occurs.

4) [noun] a festival observed on that day; (but actually observed on 14th or 15th of January).

5) [noun] (fig.) a day on which or period during which an important change takes place.

6) [noun] any of the twelve arbitrary configuration of stars, usu. named after some object, animal or mythological being that they supposedly suggest in outline.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Search found 26 books and stories containing Samkramana, Saṃ-kramaṇa, Saṃ-krāmaṇa, Sam-kramana, Saṃkramaṇa, Saṃkrāmaṇa, Saṃkrāmaṇā, Saṅkramaṇa, Sankramana, Sankramaṇa; (plurals include: Samkramanas, kramaṇas, krāmaṇas, kramanas, Saṃkramaṇas, Saṃkrāmaṇas, Saṃkrāmaṇās, Saṅkramaṇas, Sankramanas, Sankramaṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

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Part 3.6 - A study on the Saṃkrānti-vrata < [Chapter 4]

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