Samanyatodrishta, Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa, Samanyatas-drishta: 5 definitions
Introduction:
Samanyatodrishta means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa can be transliterated into English as Samanyatodrsta or Samanyatodrishta, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Nyaya (school of philosophy)
Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa (सामान्यतोदृष्ट) refers to one of the three divisions of anumāna (inference), according to Gautama’s 2nd-century Nyāyasūtra (verse 1.1.5). Anumāna is the second of the four “means of valid knowledge” (pramāṇa), which in turn is classified as the first of the sixteen padārthas (“categories”). The first two types of anumāna are based on causation and the last one [viz sāmānyatodṛṣṭa] is on mere co-existence. That is called sāmānyatodṛṣṭa-anumāna, when inference is depended on uniformity of coexistence e.g. when one infers cloven hoofs of an animal by its horns.
Nyaya (न्याय, nyaya) refers to a school of Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. The Nyaya philosophy is known for its theories on logic, methodology and epistemology, however, it is closely related with Vaisheshika in terms of metaphysics.
Shaiva philosophy
Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa (सामान्यतोदृष्ट) refers to inferring the mere existence of some imperceptible and therefore indeterminate entity so as to account for a phenomenon that would remain inexplicable otherwise.
Shaiva philosophy is a spritiual tradition within Hinduism that includes theories such as the relationship between the Atman (individual soul) and Siva, the nature of liberation (moksha), and the concepts of maya (illusion) and shakti (divine energy). Saiva philosophy teaches that union with Shiva can be achieved through knowledge, devotion, and spiritual practice. It encompasses major branches like Shaiva Siddhanta and Kashmir Shaivism.
In Buddhism
Buddhist philosophy
Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa (सामान्यतोदृष्ट) refers to the “commonly seen” type of inference (anumāna) (within a debate), according to Upāyakauśalyahṛdaya, an ancient work on the art of debate composed by Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna.— The three kinds of Inference (anumāna) and respective examples are: (1) a priori (pūrvavat) [“on seeing a cloud one infers that there will be rain”], (2) a posteriori (śeṣavat) [“on seeing a swollen river one infers that there was rain”] and (3) commonly seen (sāmānyatodṛṣṭa) [“on seeing a man move from one place to another, one infers that the sun, who rises in the east and sets in the west, must have moved”].
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Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa (सामान्यतोदृष्ट).—(in logic) a kind of inference (neither deduced from the relation of cause to effect, nor from that of effect to cause); सामान्यतोदृष्टं च यदव्यभचारि तत् प्रमाणम् (sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ ca yadavyabhacāri tat pramāṇam) ŚB. on MS.7.4.12. °सम्बन्धम् (sambandham) variety of अनुमान (anumāna) where the connection between the लिङ्ग (liṅga) and the लिङ्गिन् (liṅgin) or साध्य (sādhya) is not directly perceptible; सामान्यतोदृष्टसम्बन्धं यथा देवदत्तस्य गतिपूर्विकां देशान्तरप्राप्तिमुपलभ्य आदित्यगतिस्मरणम् (sāmānyatodṛṣṭasambandhaṃ yathā devadattasya gatipūrvikāṃ deśāntaraprāptimupalabhya ādityagatismaraṇam) ŚB. on MS.1.1.5.
Derivable forms: sāmānyatodṛṣṭam (सामान्यतोदृष्टम्).
Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms sāmānyatas and dṛṣṭa (दृष्ट).
Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa (सामान्यतोदृष्ट):—[=sāmānya-to-dṛṣṭa] [from sāmānya-tas > sāmānya > sāmāna] n. ([scilicet] anumāna; in [logic]) a [particular] kind of induction or inference (e.g. generalizing from every day occurrences; [according to] to the Sāṃkhya and Nyāya it furnishes evidence of what transcends the senses such as the paths of the heavenly bodies, the existence of air ether, soul, space, time etc.), generalization from particulars, [Nyāya]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Drishta, Samanyatas.
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Search found 27 books and stories containing Samanyatodrishta, Samanyatas-drishta, Sāmānyatas-dṛṣṭa, Samanyatas-drsta, Samanyato-drishta, Sāmānyato-dṛṣṭa, Samanyato-drsta, Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa, Samanyatodrsta; (plurals include: Samanyatodrishtas, drishtas, dṛṣṭas, drstas, Sāmānyatodṛṣṭas, Samanyatodrstas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Philosophy of Charaka-samhita (by Asokan. G)
Inference (anumāna) [in Charaka philosophy] < [Chapter 6 - Source of Knowledge (pramāṇa)]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 2 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 14 - Did Logic Originate in the Discussions of Āyurveda Physicians < [Chapter XIII - Speculations in the Medical Schools]
Anumana in Indian Philosophy (by Sangita Chakravarty)
(B). Divisions of Anumāna (in Sāṃkhya-Yoga Philosophy) < [Chapter 3 - Treatment of Anumāna in Sāṃkhya-Yoga Philosophy]
(B). Different divisions of Anumāna (in Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy) < [Chapter 2 - Treatment of Anumāna in Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
(A). Meaning of Anumāna (in Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy) < [Chapter 2 - Treatment of Anumāna in Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
Padarthadharmasamgraha and Nyayakandali (by Ganganatha Jha)
Text 104 < [Chapter 6a - On Qualities]
Text 40: Process of Creation and Destruction < [Chapter 5 - Of the Mahābhūtas (Ultimate Material Substances)]
Tattvasangraha [with commentary] (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 3219-3221 < [Chapter 26 - Examination of the ‘Person of Super-normal Vision’]
Contribution of Vachaspati-Mishra to Nyaya Philosophy (by Champak Kalita)
Part 16 - Types of Anumāna (inference) < [Chapter 3 - The Theory of Knowlegde]
Part 15 - The concept of Anumāna or Inference < [Chapter 3 - The Theory of Knowlegde]