Samaka, Sāmāka, Shamaka, Sāmaka: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Samaka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Sāmaka (सामक) or Rogasāmaka refers to a medicinal decoction used in the treatment of elephants (Gajāyurveda or Hastyāyurveda), according the Garuḍapurāṇa.—The drugs, treatments enumerated in connection with diseases of horses may also be employed in the diseases of elephants. But the dosage is four times of that of a horse. In Garuḍapurāṇa a kaṣāya known as Rogasāmaka-kaṣāya mentioned for treating the diseases of elephants. [...]
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Śamaka (शमक) is the name of a Śrāvaka mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Śamaka).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Śamaka (शमक) and Yamaka were two men that appeared before king Bharata, as mentioned in chapter 1.3 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—Accordingly, “[...] Folding his hands and raising them, the King [i.e., Bharata] spoke to Lady Marudevī burdened with sorrow in a voice resembling new nectar. [...] Just then, two men, named Yamaka and Śamaka, approached and were announced to the King by the King’s door-keeper. [...]”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Sāmaka.—(LP), ‘collectively’; cf. Gujarātī sāṃṭuṃ. Note: sāmaka is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
1) Samaka in India is the name of a plant defined with Rhus coriaria in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices.
2) Samaka in Tanzania is also identified with Aframomum angustifolium It has the synonym Marogna paludosa Salisb., nom. illeg. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Poultry Sci.
· Hooker’s Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany (1854)
· Planta Medica (1971)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2000)
· Nat. Prod. Res. (2006)
· Regnum Vegetabile, or ‘a Series of Handbooks for the Use of Plant Taxonomists and Plant Geographers’ (1993)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Samaka, for example pregnancy safety, diet and recipes, side effects, chemical composition, extract dosage, health benefits, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
samaka : (adj.) equal; like; same.
Sāmāka, (cp. Vedic śyāmāka) a kind of millet (Panicum frumentaceum) D. I, 166; M. I, 78, 156, 343; A. I, 295; II, 206; Sn. 239; Pug. 55; J. III, 144, 371; Nett 141; DhA. V, 81. (Page 704)
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Samaka, (adj.) (cp. BSk. samaka Divy 585) equal, like, same Miln. 122, 410; of the same height (of a seat) Vin. II, 169. samakaṃ (adv.) equally Miln. 82. (Page 681)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
śāmaka (शामक).—a A term of vaidyaśāstra. That calms, composes, allays, lulls; as pittaśāmaka, vāyuśāmaka.
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sāmakā (सामका).—ad & prep R (sanmukha S through H) In front; in the fore or opposite place of; before, opposite.
śāmaka (शामक).—a That calms, allays. In comp. pittaśāmaka &c.
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sāmakā (सामका).—ad & prep Before; opposite; in front.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Sāmaka (सामक).—The principal of a debt.
-kaḥ A whet-stone.
Derivable forms: sāmakam (सामकम्).
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Sāmaka (सामक).—a. Belonging to the Sāmaveda.
Śamaka (शमक).—mfn.
(-kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) Pacifier, pacificator, tranquillizing. E. śam to be tranquil, ṇvul aff. of attributive agency.
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Sāmaka (सामक).—n.
(-kaṃ) The principal of a debt, &c. m.
(-kaḥ) A whet-stone. E. sama equal, aṇ or vuñ aff.; or sām-ṇvul aff.
Śamaka (शमक).—[śam + aka], adj. sbst. Pacifying, a pacifier.
Samaka (समक).—[adjective] like, equal.
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Sāmaka (सामक).—[neuter] the original debt.
1) Śamaka (शमक):—[from śam] mfn. ([from] [Causal]) pacifying, a pacifier, peace-maker, [Pāṇini 7-3, 34 [Scholiast or Commentator]]
2) Śamakā (शमका):—[from śamaka > śam] f. a kind of creeper (found in Nanda-pura), [Kauśika-sūtra]
3) Śāmāka (शामाक):—incorr. for śyāmāka.
4) Samaka (समक):—[from sama] mfn. equal, alike, [Kāvya literature; Divyāvadāna]
5) Sāmaka (सामक):—[from sāma] 1. sāmaka n. (for 2. See p. 1205, col. 2) the principal of a debt, [Viṣṇu-smṛti, viṣṇu-sūtra, vaiṣṇava-dharma-śāstra]
6) [v.s. ...] m. (thought l, y some to be for śāmaka [from] √śo) a whetstone ([especially] one for sharpening spindles), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) [from sāman] 2. sāmaka mf(ikā)n. (for 1. See p. 1204, col. 3) = sāma adhīte veda vā [gana] kramādi.
1) Śamaka (शमक):—[(kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) a.] A pacifier.
2) Sāmaka (सामक):—[(kaḥ-kaṃ)] 1. m. n. The principal of a debt. m. A whet-stone.
Śamaka (शमक):—nom. ag. vom. caus. von 2. śam [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 7, 3, 34, Scholiast]
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Śāmāka (शामाक):—m. nachlässig für śyāmāka [Kauśika’s Sūtra zum Atuarvaveda 8. 11.]
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Samaka (समक):—adj. = 2. sama gleich: prayatne samake [Spr. (II) 4268.] — Vgl. mātrā, saṃ .
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Sāmaka (सामक):—
1) adj. = sāma adhīte veda vā gaṇa kramādi zu [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 4, 2, 61.] sāmikā (v. l. sāmiṣā) saṃhitā [Oxforder Handschriften 56], a, 2. —
2) m. = tarkuśāṇa [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 2, 10, 10.] —
3) n. die ursprüngliche Schuld (mūlaṛṇa) [Śabdakalpadruma] nach [Mitākṣarā]
Śāmaka (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 商莫迦 [shāng mò jiā]: “Śāmaka” [name of a Bodhisattva].
2) 睒摩 [shǎn mó]: “Śāmaka” [name of a Bodhisattva].
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Śāmaka (ಶಾಮಕ):—
1) [adjective] quenching; extinguishing; putting out.
2) [adjective] helping to control emotional disturbances; tending to sooth or quiet; sedative.
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Śāmaka (ಶಾಮಕ):—
1) [noun] a quenching, extinguishing agent (as the one used to put fire out).
2) [noun] any drug that helps to control various emotional disturbances; a sedative.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+16): Camakali, Camakaliyani, Samaka furu, Samakaddhana, Samakaddhati, Samakaddhi, Samakaddhitva, Samakaksh, Samakaksha, Samakakshata, Samakakshatva, Samakakshi, Samakakshi-neta, Samakala, Samakalabhava, Samakalam, Samakalan, Samakalan-padam, Samakalana, Samakalana-padma.
Full-text (+6): Upashamaka, Matrasamaka, Prashamaka, Samshamaka, Pancasamaka, Civarasamaka, Jyeshthasamaka, Shan mo, Fomm el-samakah, Samakasamala, Samagam, Samaka furu, Rogasamaka, Samayam, Aparyapta, Sama, Thiem ma, Thuong mac ca, Yamakasamakam, Shang mo jia.
Relevant text
Search found 32 books and stories containing Samaka, Sāmāka, Śāmaka, Sāmakā, Sāmaka, Śamaka, Śamakā, Śāmāka, Shamaka; (plurals include: Samakas, Sāmākas, Śāmakas, Sāmakās, Sāmakas, Śamakas, Śamakās, Śāmākas, Shamakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Clinical insights on Agatsya, Kamsa, and Danti Haritaki Avalehas. < [2023: Volume 12, August issue 13]
Case study on Ayurvedic treatment of vata-kaphaja gridhrasi (sciatica). < [2023: Volume 12, April special issue 6]
A review on shilajathvadi yoga and its content < [2019: Volume 8, July issue 8]
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
Conceptual study of Thookudhara on Mandali Vishaja Sopha < [Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)]
An effect of Haridra & Laghu Dugdhika on Tamaka Shwasa < [Vol. 5 No. 02 (2020)]
Pharmacological Analytical Study of Siddharthak Taila < [Vol. 6 No. 6 (2021)]
International Research Journal of Ayurveda and Yoga
Role of Khadira Asana Sara Bhavita Triphala Churna in Atisthaulya < [Vol. 4 No. 8: Aug (2021)]
A Clinico-Pathological Study on Amlapitta w.s.r to Gastroesophageal Reflux... < [Vol. 5 No. 7: Jul (2022)]
A Review – Role Of Sandhaniya Mahakashaya In The Management Of Wound Healing < [Vol. 4 No. 5: May (2021)]
Vinaya (3): The Cullavagga (by T. W. Rhys Davids)
Cullavagga, Khandaka 6, Chapter 19 < [Khandaka 6 - On Dwellings and Furniture]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
A review article on the efficacy of ayurvedic drugs in the management of mutraveha strotas < [2021, Issue 9, September]
Clinical evaluation of agnikumara ras in dushta pratishyaya < [2021, Issue 12, December]
A comparative clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of shadushna kwatha and kanasatahwati kwatha in pcos < [2018, Issue VIII, August]
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 12: Marudevī’s omniscience and death < [Chapter III]