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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Rudh (रुध्).—I. 7 U. (ruṇaddhi, runddhe, rurodha, rurudhe, arudhat-arautsīt-aruddha, rotsyati-te, roddhum, ruddha; desid. rurutsati-te)

1) To obstruct, stop, arrest, check, oppose, hinder; impede, prevent; इदं रुणद्धि मां पद्ममन्तः कूजितषट्पदम् (idaṃ ruṇaddhi māṃ padmamantaḥ kūjitaṣaṭpadam) V.4.21; रुद्धालोके नर- पतिपथे (ruddhāloke nara- patipathe) Meghadūta 39; प्राणापानगती रुद्ध्वा (prāṇāpānagatī ruddhvā) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 4.29.

2) To hold up, preserve, sustain (from falling); आशाबन्धः कुसुम- सदृशं प्रायशो ह्यङ्गनानां सद्यःपाति प्रणयि हृदयं विप्रयोगे रुणद्धि (āśābandhaḥ kusuma- sadṛśaṃ prāyaśo hyaṅganānāṃ sadyaḥpāti praṇayi hṛdayaṃ viprayoge ruṇaddhi) Me 1.

3) (a) To shut up, lock or block up, close up, shut or close; (with loc., but sometimes with two acc.); Bhaṭṭikāvya 6.35; व्रजं रुणद्धि गाम् (vrajaṃ ruṇaddhi gām) Sk. (b) To surround, fence or hem in.

4) To bind, confine; व्यालं बालमृणालतन्तुभिरसौ रोद्धुं समुज्जृम्भते (vyālaṃ bālamṛṇālatantubhirasau roddhuṃ samujjṛmbhate) Bhartṛhari 2.6.

5) To besiege, invest, blockade; रुन्धन्तु वारणघटा नगरं मदीयाः (rundhantu vāraṇaghaṭā nagaraṃ madīyāḥ) Mu.4.17; अरुणद् यवनः साकेतं (aruṇad yavanaḥ sāketaṃ) or माध्यमिकान् (mādhyamikān) Mahābhārata ; Bhaṭṭikāvya 14.29.

6) To hide, cover, obscure, conceal.

7) To oppress, torment, afflict excessively. -Caus.

1) To cause to stop, detain, impede, obstruct.

2) To fetter, confine, chain.

3) To oppress, torment, harass. -II. 1 P. (rodhati) To grow, germinate; cf. रुह् (ruh).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Rudh (रुध्).—r. 4th cl. (With anu prefixed,) (anurudhyate) 1. To desire, to wish for, to love. 2. To be kind to. 3. To consent, to concur. 4. To lament, or be sorry for. With ava, To implant, to infix. With upa, 1. To confine. 2. To block up. 3. To Molest. With ni, To stop. With vi, To quarrel with, to oppose. With sama, 1. To obstruct, to check. 2. To fetter. (ñi, au, ir) ñiaurudhir r. 7th cl. (ruṇaddhvi rundhe) 1. To impede, to oppose, to obstruct, to block or confine. 2. To invest, to blockade, to besiege. 3. To cover. 4. To harass. With abhi and sam prefixed, To prevent. With ava, To guard. With upa, To blockade. With prati or vi, To oppose. With sam and ni, To shut up, to surround or blockade.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Rudh (रुध्).—ii. 7, ruṇadh, ruṇdh, [Parasmaipada.] [Ātmanepada.] (i. 4, see anu), 1. To obstruct, Mahābhārata 1, 2367; to check, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 63, 43; to stop, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 121; to obscure, 3, 55, 10. 2. To keep off, [Rāmāyaṇa] 1, 28, 22. 3. To confine, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 9, 12; to arrest, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 103. 4. To bind, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 6. 5. To hold, to support [Meghadūta, (ed. Gildemeister.)] 10. 6. To besiege, Mahābhārata 3, 638 (anomal. arundhat). Ptcple. of the pf. pass. ruddha. 1. Obstructed, stopped, retained, Chr. 33, 33. 2. Opposed. 3. Shut, [Daśakumāracarita] in Chr. 187, 14 (separate, ruddhā dṛṣṭiḥ, ‘His eye is ṣut’). 4. Besieged. 5. Surrounded. 6. Secured, held, [Śiśupālavadha] 9, 75; taken possession of, [Pañcatantra] 227, 21. f. dhā, A siege. [Causal.] To cause to be besieged, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 12, 71; epic anomal. rundhaya, To obstruct, pain, Mahābhārata 3, 999.

— With the prep. anu anu, To retain, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 5, 63. i. 4, [Ātmanepada.] (originally pass.; in epic poetry also with the terminations of the [Parasmaipada.], Mahābhārata 4, 492). 1. (To comply with), to approve, Mahābhārata 3, 13891. 2. To obey, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 97, 7. 3. To spare, Mahābhārata 2, 926. 4. To love, Mahābhārata 3, 16194; [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 66, 8; to caress, ib. 71, 1. anuruddha, 1. Checked. 2. Soothed.

— With ava ava, 1. To restrain, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 30, 9; to stop, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] [distich] 35. 2. To keep in order, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 236. 3. To besiege, [Daśakumāracarita] in Chr. 200, 23. avaruddha, 1. Checked. 2. Shut up, secluded, as in a haram. Frequent. rorudh, To offend, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 58, 20.

— With ā ā, To keep off, [Bhaṭṭikāvya, (ed. Calc.)] 17, 49. [Causal.] To obstruct, Mahābhārata 1, 4188.

— With upa upa, 1. To obstruct, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 348. 2. To block up, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 7, 195. 3. To molest, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] 24, 8; to trouble, 18, 10. 4. To obscure, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 7, 36. uparuddha, 1. Obstructed. 2. Covered. 3. Favoured.

— With ni ni, 1. To obstruct, [Hitopadeśa] i. [distich] 154, M.M.; to stop, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] [distich] 169. 2. To restrain, Mahābhārata 3, 13633. 3. To confine, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 176. 4. To keep off, [Bhagavadgītā, (ed. Schlegel.)] 16, 20. niruddha, Obstructed (not able to work fitly), [Pañcatantra] ii. [distich] 164. [Causal.] To cause to be shut, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 428.

— With saṃni sam-ni, To confine, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 9, 83.

— With pra pra, To keep back, Mahābhārata 3, 16830.

— With prati prati, 1. To obstruct, Mahābhārata 3, 12114; to stop, Chr. 43, 30. 2. To make unable to move, Chr. 28, 21. 3. To interrupt, to make imperfect, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 11. 4. To accuse unjustly, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 88. pratiruddha, 1. Impeded. 2. Surrounded, blockaded.

— With vi vi, 1. To withhold, Mahābhārata 2, 227. 2. To obstruct, [Ṛtusaṃhāra] 6, 26; to check, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 36, 10. 3. To combat, to quarrel with, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 123; iv. [distich] 82. viruddha, 1. Opposed, hindered. 2. Prohibited, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 15. 3. Contrary, opposite, [Śiśupālavadha] 9, 62; [Pañcatantra] 131, 11; perverse, [Pañcatantra] 199, 4; ºdham, Perversely, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 64. 4. Inconsistent, incongruous, Bhāṣāp. 70; [Pañcatantra] 130, 1. 5. Hostile, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 452; [Pañcatantra] 213, 20; disagreeable, [Hitopadeśa] 58, 18. 6. Surrounded, blockaded, shut up, [Pañcatantra] iv. [distich] 78. Comp. 1. A-, adj. unobstructed, without obstacles, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] 49, 16; untroubled, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 406. 2. friendly, kind, with gen., [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 2. ed. 45, 16. Smṛti-, adj. contrary to law. [Causal.] To obstruct, Mahābhārata 3, 360. virodhita, Fought with, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 1.

— With sam sam, 1. To obstruct, Mahābhārata 3, 2541; to check, 2, 226. 2. To refrain, Mahābhārata 3, 13633. 3. To fetter, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 14. saṃruddha, 1. Obstructed, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 295. 2. Attacked, 8, 235. Comp. A-, adj. unimpeded, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 453. [Causal.] To cause to be embanked, 5, 106.

— With abhisam abhi-sam, To keep off, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 14, 42.

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Rudh (रुध्).—[-rudh], adj. Impeding; e. g. kara-, adj. Impeding the hand, or rays, viz. of the sun, [Meghadūta, (ed. Gildemeister.)] 40.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Rudh (रुध्).—1. rodhati grow, sprout.

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Rudh (रुध्).—2. ruṇaddhi runddhe (rundhati, te, rodhati), [participle] 2 ruddha obstruct, hold back, keep off, hinder, suppress, shut up, close, stop or fill up, besiege, invest, cover, veil. [Causative] rodhayati, te hold back, stop, cause to be confined or besieged by (2 [accusative] or [accusative] & [instrumental]).

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Rudh (रुध्).—3. (—°) stopping, hindering.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Rudh (रुध्):—1. rudh (cf. √1. ruh, of which this seems to be only another form) [class] 1. [Parasmaipada] rodhati, to sprout, shoot, grow (only rodhati, [Ṛg-veda viii, 43, 6]; and virodhat, [i, 67, 9]; [according to] to some also p. rudhat, [i, 179, 4, in] nadasya rudhataḥ kāmaḥ, ‘the desire of the growing reed’ id est. of the membrum virile; others, ‘of the husband who keeps me away’, [from] √2. rudh; cf. also nada).

2) 2. rudh [class] 7. [Ātmanepada] [Parasmaipada] ([Dhātupāṭha xxix, 1]) ruṇaddhi, runddhe (1. [plural] -rudhmas, [Atharva-veda]; rundhati, te, [Brāhmaṇa] etc.; rodhati, [Mahābhārata] [perfect tense] rurodha, rurudhe, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.; rurundhatuḥ, [Mahābhārata]; [Aorist] araut, [Atharva-veda]; arautsīt, [Brāhmaṇa] etc.; rotsīs, [Upaniṣad]; arutsi, aruddha, [Brāhmaṇa; Upaniṣad]; arautsi, [Aitareya-brāhmaṇa]; arodham, [Ṛg-veda]; arudhma, [Maitrāyaṇī-saṃhitā]; p. rudhat cf. √1. rudh; arudhat, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.; Prec. rudhyāt, [Kāvya literature]; [future] roddhā [grammar]; rotsyati, te, [Brāhmaṇa] etc. [infinitive mood] roddhum or rodhitum, [Mahābhārata]; roddhos, [Brāhmaṇa]; [indeclinable participle] ruddhvā, [Mahābhārata] etc.; -rudhya, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.; -rundhya, [Mahābhārata]; -rudham, [Atharva-veda; Brāhmaṇa]; -rundham, [Brāhmaṇa]; -rodham, [ib.]),

2) —to obstruct, check, arrest, stop, restrain, prevent, keep back, withhold, [Ṛg-veda] (always with na), etc. etc.;

2) —to avert, keep off, repel, [Bhaṭṭi-kāvya] (cf. rudhat under √1. rudh);

2) —to shut, lock up, confine in ([locative case]), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc. ([according to] to [Vopadeva] also with double [accusative]);

2) —to besiege, blockade, invest, [Patañjali; Mahābhārata] etc.;

2) —to close, block up (a path), [Rāmāyaṇa];

2) —to cover, conceal, veil, obscure, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.;

2) —to stop up, fill, [ib.];

2) —to lay (dust), [Raghuvaṃśa];

2) —to touch, move (the heart), [Bālarāmāyaṇa];

2) —to torment, harass, [Rāmāyaṇa];

2) —to lose, be deprived of ([accusative]), [Taittirīya-saṃhitā; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa];

2) —to tear, rend asunder (?), [Atharva-veda xix, 29, 3] :—[Causal] rodhayati ([Epic] also te and rundhayati ; [Aorist] arūrudhat; [Passive voice] rodhyate),

2) —to stop, arrest, [Mahābhārata];

2) —to cause to be confined by ([accusative]), [Pañcarātra];

2) —to cause to be besieged by ([instrumental case]), [Raghuvaṃśa];

2) —to close (with a cover or lid), [Bhāvaprakāśa];

2) —to fetter, enchain, influence, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa];

2) —to oppress, torment, harass, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] :

2) —[Desiderative] rorutsate ([Brāhmaṇa]), ti ([Mahābhārata]), to wish to obstruct etc.:—[Intensive] rorudhyate, roroddhi, to obstruct intensely or repeatedly etc. [grammar] (only rorudhaḥ, [Mahābhārata])

3) 3. rudh (ifc.) impeding, holding (See kara-r).

4) 4. rudh [probably] a root of this form once existed with a meaning ‘to be red.’

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Rudh (रुध्):—(ya, ṅa) anurudhyate 4. d. To desire, to love; consent to; lament. (dha, ira, au, ñi) ruṇaddhi, ruṃddhe 7. c. To impede, to besiege. With anu to favour; ava to guard; upa to blockade; prati and vi to resist; saṃ and ni to shut in.

[Sanskrit to German]

Rudh in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Starts with (+82): Rudha, Rudha-citrakara, Rudhabharodi, Rudhabuddhi, Rudhacara, Rudhachivara, Rudhacivara, Rudhagolisu, Rudhagranthi, Rudhamanyu, Rudhamula, Rudhamulatva, Rudhanama, Rudhanem, Rudhaparicchada, Rudhaparyaya, Rudhapranaya, Rudharagapravala, Rudhartha, Rudhasauhrida.

Ends with (+18): Abhikrudh, Abhirudh, Abhisamkrudh, Anurudh, Aparudh, Arudh, Atikrudh, Avarudh, Drigrudh, Indravirudh, Karanakrudh, Kararudh, Krudh, Nirudh, Nirvirudh, Parikrudh, Parirudh, Phanivirudh, Prarudh, Pratikrudh.

Full-text (+259): Rodhana, Raudhadika, Parirodha, Roddhos, Anurodha, Rundh, Arodha, Uparodhana, Nirodhaka, Paryavarodha, Virodhin, Anurodhana, Avarodhaka, Ruddha, Pratirodhin, Anuruddha, Avaruddhi, Nirodha, Rodha, Virudh.

Relevant text

Search found 3 books and stories containing Rudh; (plurals include: Rudhs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Satapatha-brahmana (by Julius Eggeling)

Kāṇḍa XII, adhyāya 4, brāhmaṇa 3 < [Twelfth Kāṇḍa]

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The Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)

Chapter 358 - The completed forms of the verbs after adding the conjugational signs

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The Mahavastu (great story) (by J. J. Jones)

Chapter XXX - The second Avalokita-sūtra < [Volume II]

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