Rajanya, Rājanya: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Rajanya means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Rajany.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Rājanya (राजन्य) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. ) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Rājanya) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Rājanya (राजन्य) is used as a synonym for the Kṣatriya caste in the Āpastamba-yajña-paribhāṣā-sūtras 2.—“the sacrifice [yajñā] is for the three colours or castes (varṇa), for Brāhmaṇas and Rājanyas, also for the Vaiśya”. Commentary.—“though the sacrifice is meant for the three castes, here called varṇa, i.e. colour, the third caste, that of the Vaiśya or citizen, is mentioned by itself, while the two castes, the Brāhmaṇas and Rājanyas (the Kṣatriyas or nobles), are mentioned together. This is done because there are certain sacrifices (bahuyajamāna), performed by Brāhmaṇas and Rājanyas together, in which Vaiśyas take no part”.
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Rājanya (राजन्य) refers to a country belonging to “Uttaratas or Uttaradeśa (northern division)” classified under the constellations of Śatabhiṣaj, Pūrvabhādrapada and Uttarabhādrapada, according to the system of Kūrmavibhāga, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 14), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The countries of the Earth beginning from the centre of Bhāratavarṣa and going round the east, south-east, south, etc., are divided into 9 divisions corresponding to the 27 lunar asterisms at the rate of 3 for each division and beginning from Kṛttikā. The constellations of Śatabhiṣaj, Pūrvabhādrapada and Uttarabhādrapada represent the northern division consisting of [i.e., Rājanya] [...]”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Rājanya (राजन्य) refers to a sub-division of the Jātyārya class of Āryas (one of the two types of human beings), taking birth in the “middle world” (madhyaloka), according to chapter 2.3 [ajitanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly:—“In these 35 zones on this side of Mānuṣottara and in the Antaradvīpas, men arise by birth; [...]. From the division into Āryas and Mlecchas they are two-fold. The Āryas have sub-divisions: kṣetra (country), jāti (caste), kula (family), karma (work), śilpa (craft), and bhāṣā (language). [...] The Jātyāryas are the Ikṣvākus, Jñātas, Haris, Videhas, Kurus, Ugras, Bhojas, and Rājanyas”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Rājanya.—(ASLV; SITI), officers of the king. (IA 22), same as Kṣatriya. Note: rājanya is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
rājanya (राजन्य).—m S A man of the military or regal tribe, a Kshatriya.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Rājanya (राजन्य).—a. [rājan-yat nalopaḥ] Royal, kingly.
-nyaḥ 1 A man of the Kṣatriya caste, royal personage; राजन्यान् स्वपुरनिवृत्तयेऽनुमेने (rājanyān svapuranivṛttaye'numene) R.4.87; संप्रति करणीयो राजन्येऽपि प्रश्रयः (saṃprati karaṇīyo rājanye'pi praśrayaḥ) Uttararāmacarita 6; R.3.48; Meghadūta 5.
3) Name of Agni.
4) A noble or distinguished personage.
-nyā A lady of royal rank.
Rājanya (राजन्य).—adj. (seems not recorded elsewhere in this sense), belonging to a king, royal: of a park, udyāna, Mahāvastu ii.112.9, 11; Senart em. rājakya, q.v.; but he keeps rājanyaṃ ii.452.1 (of an āmravanaṃ) and °nyāni kaṇṭhe- guṇāni (so mss.) 463.3. In the vicinity of all these passages rājakya occurs; possibly it should always be read (with Senart on 112.9, 11).
Rājanya (राजन्य).—m.
(-nyaḥ) 1. A Kshetriya, a man of the military or regal tribe. 2. A name of Agni or fire. 3. A tree, (Mimusops kauki, Rox.) “kṣīriṇī gācha.” E. rāj to shine, anya Unadi aff.; or rājan a king, yat aff.
Rājanya (राजन्य).—[rājan + ya], m. 1. A Kṣatriya, a man of the military caste, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 152, 4;
Rājanya (राजन्य).—[adjective] royal, princely; [masculine] a man of the military caste; [abstract] tva† [neuter]
1) Rājanya (राजन्य):—[from rāj] mf(ā./span>)n. kingly, princely, royal, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
2) [v.s. ...] m. a royal personage, man of the regal or military tribe (ancient Name of the second or Kṣatriya caste), [ib.] (cf. [Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams 228])
3) [v.s. ...] Name of Agni or Fire, [Uṇādi-sūtra 100 [Scholiast or Commentator]]
4) [v.s. ...] a kind of date tree (= kṣīrikā), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) [v.s. ...] [plural] Name of a [particular] family of warriors, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
6) Rājanyā (राजन्या):—[from rājanya > rāj] f. a lady of royal rank, [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa]
Rājanya (राजन्य):—(nyaṃ) 1. m. A Kshetriya; fire; a tree (Mimusops kauki).
Rājanya (राजन्य):—
Rājanya (राजन्य):—, rājania —
1) Adj. (f. ā) fürstlich , königlich. —
2) m. — a) ein Angehöriger des fürstlichen Stammes , Adelicher , älteste bez. der zweiten Kaste. — b) Pl. Nomen proprium eines kriegerischen Stammes. — c) *eine Art Dattelbaum. —
3) f. rājanyā f. zu 2)a).
Rājanya (राजन्य) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Rāiṇṇa, Rāinna.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Rājanya (राजन्य) [Also spelled rajany]:—(nm) a king, prince; —[varga] princely class.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Rājanya (ರಾಜನ್ಯ):—
1) [noun] a male ruler of a nation or state, who got the power by heredity; a king.
2) [noun] a man belonging to kṣatriya (military) caste.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Rājanya (राजन्य):—n. 1. honor king; 2. → क्षत्रिय [kṣatriya]
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+0): Rajanyabandhu, Rajanyadi, Rajanyadi-curna, Rajanyaka, Rajanyakula, Rajanyakumara, Rajanyarshi, Rajanyatva, Rajanyavant, Rajanyavartaka, Rajanyavat.
Full-text (+39): Rajanyabandhu, Arajanya, Rajanyarshi, Rajanyakumara, Brahmarajanya, Rajanyatva, Sarshirajanya, Sapitrirajanya, Samanushyarajanya, Rajanyavat, Rajanyakula, Rajanyaka, Rajanna, Ratnin, Gopalava, Rainna, Rajrajeshwar, Rajanyavartaka, Arajanyaprasutitas, Rajany.
Relevant text
Search found 96 books and stories containing Rajanya, Rājanya, Rājanyā; (plurals include: Rajanyas, Rājanyas, Rājanyās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 10.90.12 < [Sukta 90]
Apastamba Yajna-paribhasa-sutras (by Hermann Oldenberg)
Satapatha-brahmana (by Julius Eggeling)
Kanda XIII, adhyaya 1, brahmana 5 < [Thirteenth Kanda]
Kanda V, adhyaya 1, brahmana 5 < [Fifth Kanda]
Kanda XIII, adhyaya 1, brahmana 9 < [Thirteenth Kanda]
History of Indian Medicine (and Ayurveda) (by Shree Gulabkunverba Ayurvedic Society)
Chapter 18 - People and their Professions < [Part 4 - Some Aspects of Life in Caraka’s Times]
Chapter 2 - The Purpose of the Study of Medicine < [Part 2-3 - Medical Institutions in Ancient India]
The tenth Mandala of the Rigveda (study) (by Rupsmita Buzarbaruah)
Part 1 - Introduction—Caste System < [Chapter 3 - A Socio-Cultural study of the tenth Maṇḍala]
Part 4 - Significance of the Tenth Maṇḍala of the Ṛgveda < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]
Part 3 - Philosophical Hymns < [Chapter 2 - The contents of the tenth Maṇḍala]
List of Mahabharata tribes (by Laxman Burdak)