Purvaka, Pūrvaka: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Purvaka means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Purvak.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationPūrvaka (पूर्वक) refers to “being accompanied with”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.7.—Accordingly, after the Goddess (Umā/Śivā) incarnated as Pārvatī by becoming the daughter of Menā:—“[...] The goddess of great brilliance assumed the form of her baby child in front of Menā and began to cry in accordance with the ways of the world. [...] Himavat came to the outer gate of the palace and joined the festivities. With a delighted mind he distributed monetary gifts to the beggars. In an auspicious hour, in the company of the sages, Himavat named his daughter Kālī and assigned other pleasing names to her. He gave charitable gifts to the brahmins out of love and respect. Varieties of festivities were gone through with suitable music [i.e., gāna-pūrvaka]. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)Pūrvaka (पूर्वक) refers to the “first (argument)”, according to the Īśvarapratyabhijñāvivṛtivimarśinī 2.138.—Accordingly, “[...] [The latter argument] completely eradicates the very nature of the object of knowledge—that is to say, the external [object]—by showing that [this contradictory nature can]not exist. For the first (pūrvaka) refuting argument functions while completely disregarding the nature of the object of knowledge—[i.e.] whether it has parts or is devoid of parts, whether it is contradicted or not [by this or that particular property]—rather, [it functions] through a global refutation ([lit. ‘by devouring everything’]), thus: ‘[What is] distinct from the manifesting consciousness is not manifest’”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPūrvaka (पूर्वक).—a. (At the end of comp.)
1) Preceded by, attended with; अनामयप्रश्नपूर्वकमाह (anāmayapraśnapūrvakamāha) Ś.5.
2) Preceding, antecedent.
3) Previous, former, prior.
4) First.
5) ever (nitya); शुचीन् कर्मणि पूर्वके (śucīn karmaṇi pūrvake) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12 85.8; क एषां पूर्वको ब्रह्मन् (ka eṣāṃ pūrvako brahman) Rām.7.4.6.
-kaḥ An ancestor, a forefather; एवं विदेहराजश्च जनकः पूर्वकोऽभवत् (evaṃ videharājaśca janakaḥ pūrvako'bhavat) Rām.7.57.2.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPūrvaka (पूर्वक).—[pūrva + ka], I. adj., f. vikā. 1. Prior, before, preceding, Mahābhārata 12, 13697. 2. First, [Rāmāyaṇa] 1, 70, 21. 3. As latter part of comp. adj. often, Accompanied by, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 78. Ii. kam, adv. 1. With, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 128. 2. Conformable to, 2, 173. Iii. m. An ancestor, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 5176.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPūrvaka (पूर्वक).—[feminine] pūrvikā ealier, former, previous; —° adj. & [neuter] [adverb] accompanied by etc. = [preceding]; [masculine] ancestor, forefather.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pūrvaka (पूर्वक):—[from pūrva] mf(ikā)n. earlier, former, previous, prior, first, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc. (strī-p, ‘one who was formerly a woman’, bhūta-p, ‘having been before’; ifc. also = preceded or accompanied by, connected with, consisting in; am ind. = after, with, amid, according to)
2) [v.s. ...] m. a forefather, ancestor, [Harivaṃśa; Rāmāyaṇa; Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPūrvaka (पूर्वक):—[(kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) a.] Before, prior.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPūrvaka (पूर्वक) [Also spelled purvak]:——a suffix denoting the sense of with or accompanied by (as [sukhapūrvaka, kṛpāpūrvaka], etc.)
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPūrvaka (ಪೂರ್ವಕ):—
1) [adjective] going before in time or order; previous.
2) [adjective] in company with; along with; associated with.
--- OR ---
Pūrvaka (ಪೂರ್ವಕ):—
1) [noun] a person from whom one is descended; an ancestor.
2) [noun] any of the predecessors of the human race, in gen. (and not necessarily relating to a specific family).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+5): Purva-karma, Purvakakshe, Purvakala, Purvakalata, Purvakalika, Purvakalina, Purvakalinatva, Purvakalpa, Purvakalpane, Purvakalpe, Purvakalpeshu, Purvakalyani, Purvakam, Purvakamakritvan, Purvakamkana, Purvakamkshita, Purvakapala, Purvakarin, Purvakarma, Purvakarmakritavadin.
Ends with (+29): Abuddhipurvaka, Adarapurvaka, Agatyapurvaka, Agrahapurvaka, Akaranapurvaka, Amatipurvaka, Amtahkaranapurvaka, Anabhisamdhipurvaka, Anugrahapurvaka, Anupurvaka, Apurvaka, Arthapurvaka, Avidhipurvaka, Bhaktipurvaka, Bhutapurvaka, Buddhipurvaka, Dakshinapurvaka, Darikadanapurvaka, Devapurvaka, Dharapurvaka.
Full-text (+46): Purvika, Pritipurvaka, Stripurvaka, Yathapurvaka, Abuddhipurvaka, Buddhipurvakatva, Arthapurvakatva, Pritipurvakam, Salila-purvaka, Buddhipura:sara, Vidhipurvaka, Avidhipurvaka, Sahanubhuti, Purvakam, Buddhipurvakam, Kulapurvaga, Matipurvaka, Dakshinapurvaka, Amatipurvaka, Prashnapurvam.
Relevant text
Search found 7 books and stories containing Purvaka, Pūrvaka; (plurals include: Purvakas, Pūrvakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 7.28 - The transgressions of the minor vow of contentment with one’s wife < [Chapter 7 - The Five Vows]
Verse 1.20 - Scriptural knowledge (śrutajñāna) < [Chapter 1 - Right Faith and Knowledge]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 1.15.103 < [Chapter 15 - Marriage with Śrī Viṣṇupriyā]
Yoga-sutras (Vedanta Commentaries)
Sūtra 20 < [Part I - Yoga and its Aims]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 2 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 9 - Analysis of Action < [Chapter XIV - The Philosophy of the Bhagavad-gītā]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 4 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 12 - Liberation (mokṣa) < [Chapter XXIX-XXX - Controversy Between the Dualists and the Monists]
Part 1 - Vallabha’s Interpretation of the Brahma-sūtra < [Chapter XXXI - The Philosophy of Vallabha]
Part 5 - Concept of bhakti < [Chapter XXXI - The Philosophy of Vallabha]
Shiva Gita (study and summary) (by K. V. Anantharaman)