Pravartana, Pravartanā: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Pravartana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Pravartanā (प्रवर्तना).—Prompting or inducement which is the denotation of liṅ affixes in general; an activity on the part of a person which leads to another person’s doing something as desired by the former.
Pravartanā (प्रवर्तना).—Incitement or inducement which is the sense of 'lin' affixes in general ;cf. प्रवर्तनायां लिङ् (pravartanāyāṃ liṅ).
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन) refers to “changing (the colours)” (of plants) which represents one of the bio-organic agricultural methods described in the Vṛkṣāyurveda by Sūrapāla (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.—Accordingly, “Several special processes with reference to the plants will be described hereunder. They are: [e.g., changing the colours (varṇa-pravartana);] and so on. [...]”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Kama-shastra (the science of Love-making)
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन) refers to “inciting someone to perform certain actions” (as opposed to Nivāraṇa), according to the Vātsyāyana’s Kāmasūtra: a Sanskrit text from the 2nd century dealing with eroticism, sexuality and emotional fulfillment in life belonging to Kāmaśāstra (the ancient Indian science of love-making).—Accordingly, “Dharma is obedience to the command of the Śāstra (or Holy Writ of the Hindus) to do certain things (pravartana), such as the performance of sacrifices [yajñādīnāṃ śāstrātpravartanam], which are not generally done, because they do not belong to this world, and produce no visible effect; and not to do other things (nivāraṇa), such as eating meat, which is often done because it belongs to this world, and has visible effects”.
Kamashastra (कामशास्त्र, kāmaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian science of love-making, passion, emotions and other related topics dealing with the pleasures of the senses.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन) refers to “one who turns (the wheel of the dharma)”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly: “The Bodhisattva established on the pure path produces the great light of the dharma for the sake of living beings who are on the wrong path. Then those living beings, having attained the light, are also established in the true supramundane path. [...] (24) this path is in accordance with cultivating all qualities of the buddha since all good qualities are fully accomplished; (25) this path is in accordance with one who turns the wheel of the dharma (dharmacakra-pravartana-anugamana) since it keeps what has been taught before. [...]
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
India history and geography
Pravartana.—(CII 1), establishment. Note: pravartana is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
pravartana (प्रवर्तन).—n Setting up. Inciting. Action.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन).—1 Going on, moving forward.
2) Beginning, commencement.
3) Setting on foot, founding, establishing, instituting.
4) Prompting, urging, simulating, inciting.
5) Engaging in, applying oneself to.
6) Happening, coming to pass.
7) Activity, action.
8) Behaviour, conduct, procedure.
9) Directing, superintending.
1) Employment.
11) Exhortation.
-nā Inciting or prompting to action; अस्ति प्रवर्तनारूपमनुरूपं चतुर्ष्वपि (asti pravartanārūpamanurūpaṃ caturṣvapi) Bh.
Derivable forms: pravartanam (प्रवर्तनम्).
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन).—i. e. pra-vṛt + ana, n. 1. Going forward, [Rāmāyaṇa] 6, 92, 4. 2. Engaging in, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 63. 3. Beginning. 4. Activity. 5. Stimulating, [Daśakumāracarita] in
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन).—[neuter] moving forwards or onwards, coming forth from ([ablative]), arising, appearing, happening; acting, dealing with ([instrumental] or [locative]); causing, producing, fetching, applying, introducing.
1) Pravartana (प्रवर्तन):—[=pra-vartana] [from pra-varta > pra-vṛt] mf(ī)n. being in motion, flowing, [Raghuvaṃśa x, 38] ([Calcutta edition] vartin)
2) Pravartanā (प्रवर्तना):—[=pra-vartanā] [from pra-vartana > pra-varta > pra-vṛt] f. incitement to activity, [Gautama-dharma-śāstra]
3) [v.s. ...] (in gram.) order, permission, the sense of the precative or qualified imperative tense (?), [Horace H. Wilson]
4) Pravartana (प्रवर्तन):—[=pra-vartana] [from pra-varta > pra-vṛt] n. advance, forward movement, rolling or flowing forth, [Rāmāyaṇa; Varāha-mihira; Yājñavalkya [Scholiast or Commentator]]
5) [v.s. ...] walking, roaming, wandering, [Rāmāyaṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] activity, procedure, engaging in, dealing with ([instrumental case] or [locative case]), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
7) [v.s. ...] going on, coming off, happening, occurrence, [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa] etc.
8) [v.s. ...] conduct, behaviour, [Mahābhārata]
9) [v.s. ...] bringing near, fetching, [Śāṅkhāyana-śrauta-sūtra]
10) [v.s. ...] erection, construction, [Manu-smṛti; Yājñavalkya [Scholiast or Commentator]]
11) [v.s. ...] causing to appear, bringing about, advancing, promoting, introducing, employing, using, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.
12) [v.s. ...] informing, [Horace H. Wilson]
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन):—(von vart simpl. und caus. mit pra)
1) n. a) das Vortreten, eine Bewegung nach vorn: gatīrdaśa samāpannau pravartananivartanaiḥ [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 92, 4.] das Hervorkommen: (khaḍgasya) pravartanaṃ kośāt [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 49, 5.] das Zustromen: toya [Mitākṣarā 244, 6 v. u.] das Gehen, Wandeln: kāpathena [Rāmāyaṇa 5, 86,2.] — b) das Thätigsein, Handeln: kāmātpuṃsaḥ pravartanam Cit. bei [Nīlakaṇṭha 18.] mano hi hetuḥ sarveṣāmindriyāṇāṃ pravartane [Rāmāyaṇa 5, 14, 60.] [Mahābhārata 12, 11402.] [KĀM. NĪTIS. 1, 28.] das Sichabgeben mit, das Zuthunhaben mit (instr. loc.): sarvayajñeṣu viprāṇāmadbhiḥ pūrvaṃ pravartanam [Gṛhyasaṃgrahapariśiṣṭa 2, 52.] unmāde rākṣasaiḥ pretairapasmāre pravartanam [Suśruta 1, 111, 3.] itarārthagrahe yeṣāṃ kavīnāṃ syātpravartanam [Spr. 1058.] — c) das Benehmen, die Art und Weise zu sein: śobhana [Mahābhārata 14, 514.] nāsti paraloka ityevaṃ vṛttiḥ pravartanaṃ yasya [Kullūka] zu [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 3, 150.] — d) das Vorsichgehen, Vonstattengehen, zur-Erscheinung-Kommen: kraturāja [Mahābhārata 3, 15300.] madhupāna [Harivaṃśa 16350.] dvaṃdvayuddha [Rāmāyaṇa Gorresio 1, 4, 107.] vākpravartana [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 72, 25.] — e) das Vorwärtsschaffen, Herbeischaffen: havirdhāna [Śāṅkhāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 5, 13, 1.] — f) das Anlegen, Errichten: mahāyantra [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 11, 63.] setu [Mitākṣarā 245, 1.] — g) das zur-Erscheinung-Bringen, Herbeiführen, in’s-Werk-Setzen, Einführen, Anwenden: pravartanāddvāparasya yathābhāgamupāśnute . kaleḥ pravartanādrājā pāpamatyantamaśnute .. [Mahābhārata 5, 4477] [?= 12, 2695.] akāryapratiṣedhaśca kāryāṇāṃ ca pravartanam [KĀM. NĪTIS. 13, 52.] puṇyācāra [Rājataraṅgiṇī 1, 314.] puṇyakānāṃ vratakānāṃ ca [Harivaṃśa 7924.] sāmādīnām [Rāmāyaṇa.5,81,45.] [Oxforder Handschriften 48,b,29. 30.] —
2) f. ā das Anregen der Thätigkeit: lakṣaṇā doṣāḥ [GAUTAMA 1, 18.] — Als adj. [Raghuvaṃśa ed. Calc. 10,] [?37; die STENZLER'sche Ausg.] st. dessen richtiger pravartin .
--- OR ---
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन):—
1) b) śīlaṃ hi madonmādayoramārgeṇāpyucitakarmasveva pravartanam [Daśakumāracarita] in [Benfey’ Chrestomathie aus Sanskritwerken 194, 5. fg.] — d) pravartanaṃ tu kāryasya yatsyātsādhupravartanam [Sāhityadarpana 499. 471.]
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन):——
1) Adj. (f. ī) in Bewegung seiend , fliessend. v.l. besser pravartin. —
2) f. ā das Anregen der Thätigkeit. —
3) n. — a) das Vortreten , eine Bewegung nach vorn. — b) das Hervorkommen aus (Abl.) — c) das Zuströmen (von Wasser). — d) das Gehen , Wandeln. — e) das Thätigsein , Handeln , das Sichabgeben — , Zuthunhaben mit (Instr. oder Loc.). — f) das Vorsichgehen , Vonstattengehen , zur Erscheinung Kommen. — g) das Benehmen , die Art und Weise zu sein. — h) das Vorwärtsschaffen , Herbeischaffen. — i) das Anlegen , Errichten. — k) das zur Erscheinung Bringen , Herbeiführen , in’s Werk Setzen , einführen , Anwenden.
Pravartanā (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 轉 [zhuǎn]: “transform”.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Nepali dictionary
Pravartana (प्रवर्तन):—n. 1. initiation; orientation; 2. commencement; beginning; 3. management; promotion; 4. founding; expounding or propounding new thing;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Pra, Vartana.
Starts with (+0): Pravartanashila, Pravartanashilate, Pravartanashile, Pravartanata.
Full-text (+70): Apravartana, Abhipravartana, Sampravartana, Anupravartana, Dharmacakrapravartana, Zhuan, Pancakalapravartana, Dharmacakra, Cakrapravartana, Nivartana, Parvatipravartana, Mahayantrapravartana, Triskandhaka, Zhuan fa lun jing, Triskandhakapravartana, Citrapravartana, Zhuan fa lun, Vitti, Mahayantra, Pravartanata.
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Search found 53 books and stories containing Pravartana, Pra-vartana, Pra-vartanā, Pravartanā; (plurals include: Pravartanas, vartanas, vartanās, Pravartanās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 7.30 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Devala-smriti (critical study) (by Mukund Lalji Wadekar)
7.9. Hala-pravartana: Ploughing < [Chapter 9 - The distinctive features of the Devalasmriti]
Mimamsa interpretation of Vedic Injunctions (Vidhi) (by Shreebas Debnath)
Chapter 2.7 - Kumārila Bhaṭṭa and Prabhākara Miśra on Vidhi
Contribution of Vachaspati-Mishra to Nyaya Philosophy (by Champak Kalita)
Part 3.2 - Prameya or Object of Right Knowledge < [Chapter 2 - The Categories]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 88 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 2]
Page 473 < [English-Gujarati-Hindi (1 volume)]
Page 336 < [Hindi-Marathi-English Volume 2]
Alankara Sastra (English study) (by V. Raghavan)
5. Other writers on the subject of Laksana < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]